遥感图象自动识别城市震害房屋-以2001年印度库奇地震和1976年唐山地震为例   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

柳稼航  单新建  尹京苑 《地震学报》2004,26(6):623-633

近断层地震动对地表结构物造成严重的破坏，它具有明显的方向性和脉冲型特征. 在速度时程中含有大幅值、长周期的脉冲波，对结构响应影响很大. 为简化计算和分析的需要，在既有的等效速度脉冲模型的基础上，建议了较为合理等效速度脉冲模型. 在充分收集脉冲型近断层地震记录的基础上，对等效速度脉冲模型的脉冲周期、脉冲强度及卓越脉冲数等参数进行了研究，并与以往研究者的结果进行比较，以利于近断层区结构的抗震设计.   相似文献   

Application of the Wavelet Packet Method in Discrimination Between Nuclear Explosion and Earthquake   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yang Xuanhui 《中国地震研究》2004,18(1):88-96

Although the CTBT (Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty) was passed in 1996, it is still necessary to develop new and highly efficient methods (Wu Zhongliang, Chen Yuntai, et al.,1993 ; Xu Shaoxie, et al. 1994; Richard L. Garwin, 1994) to monitor possible events. Many discrimination criteria (Xu Shaoxie, et al., 1994 ; Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1976; Richard L. Garwin, 1994) have been put forward since the 1950s. The results show that each of the existing criteria has its own limitation, but the seismological method is an important and efficient method in the discrimination between nuclear explosion and earthquake. Especially in recent years, because of the little and little equivalent as well as the increasing hiding steps used in the test, a number of more efficient seismological methods have been worked out. In this paper, a new discrimination method, the Wavelet Packet Component Ratio (WPCR) method, is put forward. This method makes full use of the difference in variation with time between the spectra of nuclear explosions and earthquakes. Its discrimination efficiency is rather high.  相似文献   

基于不变矩的影像匹配搜索算法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张云彬  许斌  缪剑 《测绘科技》2004,24(1):22-26

矩在统计学中用于表征随机量的分布，直方图不变矩反映了图像灰度分布的统计特征。本文在对不变矩进行深入探讨的基础上，提出了基于圆表搜索模板的图像直方图不变矩搜索方法，并对两幅待融合影像进行了较高精度的灰度搜索匹配试验，取得了较好的结果。  相似文献   

地震资料曲流河辫状河油气储层识别与预测     

涂齐催  刘怀山  张进  李金山 《西北地质》2004,37(4):79-84

曲流河、辫状河储层在我国的陆相盆地中广泛分布。由于曲流河相沉积砂体的单层薄、横向变化；辫状河相沉积的砂体迁移快、垂向加积等特点，增加了在勘探过程中对其分辨的难度。因此，对地震资料曲流河、辫状河油气储层的识别与预测，必须综合多种与其相关的地质资料，结合地震数据体中给出的信息来判断分析，以达到提高分辨率的目的。  相似文献   

成像测井技术在碳酸盐岩水平井中的应用   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

郑玉玲  赵冬梅  胡国山  李冬梅 《新疆地质》2004,22(3):319-322

塔里木盆地北部地区碳酸盐岩油藏储层，非均质性较强，只依靠常规测井判断碳酸盐岩裂缝、溶孔、溶洞很困难．利用地层微电阻率扫描成像(FMI)，对碳酸盐岩水平井储层进行定性分析、定量解释，并能准确识别出碳酸盐岩目的层裂缝的性质、大小、开度、溶蚀孔洞原生孔隙、次生孔隙的发育情况等．同时并利用测试、酸压资料验证了使用成像测井判断裂缝的有效性．  相似文献   

煤炭质量管理影响因素识别与控制策划   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

潘慧 《煤田地质与勘探》2004,32(Z1):180-183

根据ISO14001环境体系运行中环境影响因素识别和评价的方法,结合煤炭企业在生产过程中的实际,对煤炭质量影响因素进行识别评价.提出了识别评价煤炭质量影响因素的依据、方法和注意事项,并对其进行定性定量评价.依据识别评价结果,结合全面质量管理理论,总结了对重大影响因素的控制思路.  相似文献   

Hydrothermal Mineralization on the Mesoproterozoic Passive Continental Margins of China： A Case Study of the Langshan-Zha＇ertaishan Belt, Inner Mongolia, China     

PENGRunmin ZHAIYusheng 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(2):534-547

Most ore-forming characteristics of the Langshan-Zha‘ertaishan hydrothermal exhalation belt, which consists of the Dongshengmiao, Huogeqi, Tanyaokou and Jiashengpan large-superlarge Zn-Pb-Cu-Fe sulfide deposits, are most similar to those of Mesoproterozoic SEDEX-type provinces of the world. The characteristics include: (1) All deposits of this type in the belt occur in third-order fault-basins in the Langshan-Zha‘ertaishan aulacogen along the northern margin of the North China Platform; (2) these deposits with all their orebodies hosted in the Mesoproterozoic impure dolomite-marble and carbonaceous phyllite (or schists) have an apparent stratabound nature; ores display laminated and banded structures, showing clear depositional features; (3) there is some evidence of syn-sedimentary faulting, which to a certain extent accounts for the temporal and spatial distribution and the size of the orebodies in all deposits and the formation of intrabed conglomerates and breccias; (4) they show lateral and vertical zonation of sulfides; (5) The Cu/(Pb Zn Cu) ratio of the large and thick Pb Zn Cu orebodies gradually decreases from bottom to top; and (6) barite is interbedded with pyrites and sometimes with sphalerite. However, some characteristics such as the Co/Ni radio of the pyrites, the volcanism, for example, of the Langshan-Zha‘ertalshan metallogenic belt, are different from those of the typical SEDEX deposits of the world. The meta-basic volcanic rock in Huogeqi, the sodic bimodal volcanic rocks in the Dongshengmiao and potassic bimodal-volcanic rocks with blastoporphyfitic and blasto-glomeroporphyritic texture as well as blasto-amygdaloidal structure in the Tanyaokou deposits have been discovered in the only ore-bearing second formation of the Langshan Group in the past 10 years. The metallogeny of some deposits hosted in the Langshan Group is closely related to syn-sedimentary volcanism based on the following facts: most of the lead isotopes in sphalerite, galena, pyrite, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite plot on both sides of the line for the mantle or between the lines for the mantle and lower crust in the lead isotope composition diagram; cobalt content of some pyrites samples is much higher than the nickel content (Co/Ni= 11.91-12.19). Some volcanic blocks and debris have been picked out from some pyritic and pyrrhotitic ores. All Zn-Pb-Cu-Fe sulfide orebodies in these deposits occur in the strata overlying metamorphic volcanic rocks in the only ore-bearing second formation. In the Jiashengpan deposit that lacks syn-sedimentary volcanic rocks in the host succession only Pb and Zn ores occur without Cu ore, but in the Dongshengmiao, Tanyaokou and Huogeqi deposits with syn-sedimentary volcanic rocks in the host succession Cu ores occur. This indicates a relatively higher ore-forming temperature. The process of synsedimentary volcanic eruption directly supplied some ore-forming elements, and resulted in secular geothermal anomaly favorable for the circulation of a submarine convective hydrothermal system, which accounts for the precipitation of deep mineralizing fluids exhaling into anoxidic basins along the syn-sedimentary fault system in the Langshan-Zha‘ertai rift. The Dongshengmiao, Tanyaokou, and Huogeqi deposits hosted in the Langshan Group appear to be a transitional type of mineral deposit between SEDEX and VMS-types but with a bias towards SEDEX, while the Jiashengpan deposit hosted in the Zha‘ertai Group is of a characteristic SEDEX type. This evidence, together with other new discoveries of Mesoproterozoic volcanic rocks and the features of lithogeny and metallogeny of the Bayun Obo deposit in the neighborhood emphasize the diversity, complexity and uniqueness of the Mesoproterozoic Langshan-Zha‘ertal-Bayun Obo ore belt.  相似文献   

基于模糊算子理论的道路半自动提取   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王天鹏  姜挺 《测绘学院学报》2004,21(3):187-189

提出了一种基于模糊算子理论的道路半自动提取方法。该方法在对小比例尺影像进行Sobel边缘检测的基础上，定义了12种模糊算子表示2维道路的各种可能的结构，然后在给定道路种子点附近形成的一定范围内进行搜索，提取出道路的中心线。实验结果表明，该算法速度较快并且具有较强的鲁棒性。  相似文献   

GIS数据辅助下的线状目标自动提取   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郭海涛张衡  张保明陈江 《测绘学院学报》2004,21(4):275-278

首先介绍了遥感影像中线状目标骨架自动提取的意义和研究现状，然后结合老的GIS数据，提出了一种算法来实现遥感影像中线状目标骨架的自动提取，算法主要包括影像预处理、GIS数据与影像的配准、骨架跟踪、编组连接与数据简化等步骤。最后又利用遥感影像和相应的GIS数据进行了实验，实验证明了算法的可行性和有效性。  相似文献   

基于光谱空间密度分析的边缘提取     

刘楠  舒宁 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2004,29(12):1093-1096

针对传统的边缘提取方法大部分不适应高光谱数据的特点，提出了基于光谱空间密度分析边缘提取的思想。在分组主分量变换提取第一主分量作为特征维的基础上，采用面向对象的二次判别边缘的方法，通过立体判决将光谱空间中低密度超椭球体集群视为真实边缘点集群。试验表明，此方法是合理可行的。  相似文献