东北亚地区的若干重要基础地质问题   总被引：45，自引：3，他引：42  

吴福元  曹林 《世界地质》1999,18(2):1-13

东北亚地区由南部的华北地块、北部的西伯利亚地块和其间的造山带组成,古生代期间基本完成块体拼贴的造山作用过程,中新生代期间受到东部太平洋板块运动的影响。通过对近１０年来新的研究成果的总结,作者对该区的若干重要基础地质问题进行了详细的分析,如古老地块的性质及与冈瓦纳大陆和劳亚大陆的关系、古生代造山作用的特点及地球动力学模型、中新生代东亚大陆边缘的地质演化格局、深部地质与地壳演化等,并讨论了该区在全球地  相似文献   

The Langjiexue Group is an in situ sedimentary sequence rather than an exotic block: Constraints from coeval Upper Triassic strata of the Tethys Himalaya(Qulonggongba Formation)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zhongyu MENG  Jiangang WANG  Weiqiang JI  Hao ZHANG  Fuyuan WU  Eduardo GARZANTI 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2019,(5):783-797

The Upper Triassic Langjiexue Group in southeastern Tibet has long been an enigmatic geological unit. It belongs tectonically to the northern Tethys Himalayan zone, but provenance signatures of the detritus it contains are significantly different from those of typical Tethys Himalayan sandstones. Because the Langjiexue Group is everywhere in fault contact with Tethys Himalayan strata, its original paleogeographic position has remained controversial for a long time. According to some researchers, the Langjiexue Group was deposited onto the northern edge of the Indian passive continental margin, whereas others interpreted it as an independent block accreted to the northern Indian margin only during final India-Asia convergence and collision in the Paleocene. This study compares the Langjiexue Group and coeval Upper Triassic strata of the southern Tethys Himalayan zone(Qulonggongba Formation). Our new provenance data indicate that Qulonggongba Formation sandstones contain common felsic volcanic rock fragments, minor plagioclase, and euhedral to subhedral zircon grains yielding Late Paleozoic to Triassic ages. These provenance features compare well with those of the Langjiexue Group. Because the Qulonggongba Formation certainly belongs to the Tethys Himalayan zone, the provenance similarity with the Langjiexue Group indicates that the latter is also an in situ Tethys Himalayan sedimentary sequence rather than part of an exotic block. Volcanic detritus including Late Paleozoic to Triassic zircon grains in both Langjiexue Group and Qulonggongba Formation are interpreted to have been derived from the distant Gondwanide orogen generated by Pan-Pacific subduction beneath the southeastern margin of Gondwana. The Qulonggongba Formation, deposited above marlstones of the lower Upper Triassic Tulong Group, is overlain by India-derived coastal quartzose sandstones of the uppermost Triassic Derirong Formation. Deposition of both the Qulonggongba Formation and the Langjiexue Group were most likely controlled by regional tectonism, possibly a rifting event along the northern margin of Gondwana.  相似文献   

清代县级行政区划调整的时空变动与演化机理     

赵逸才  王开泳  华林甫  王甫园 《地理学报》2022,77(12):2972-2990

行政区划是国家治理体系的重要组成部分,系统分析清代县级行政区划调整的时空变动格局和影响因素,能更好地借鉴和发挥行政区划设置在国家与地方治理中的支撑作用。综合梳理国家清史纂修工程《清史·地理志》的考证结果,参考中国第一历史档案馆藏清代档案、《清实录》《清会典》《大清一统志》以及清代地方志等历史文献,全面分析1683—1911年中国县级行政区划的时空变动过程与演变规律。研究表明：① 清代县级行政区划主要有9类调整模式,以自下而上的申报调整为主,关键是总督和巡抚的提议权,督抚体制是行政区划调整推进的制度保障;② 行政区划调整的频次受最高统治者的治理理念影响较大,波动明显,雍正朝是清代行政区划调整的绝对高峰期,光绪和宣统两朝是一个相对高峰期,道光、咸丰到同治时期调整最少;③ 县级行政区划的调整以新设最多,其次为改隶和析分,同级变更和合并是频次较少的两类调整;④ 升级、迁治、裁撤、新设4类调整在清代23个省的分布范围较广泛、各省域分布较为广泛均衡,变更专名、合并、改隶、同级变更4类调整的分布范围集中于直隶、河南、山西等省;⑤ 清代县级行政区划调整格局的形成与演化是多方面因素共同作用的结果,政治安全和统治方便是决定性因素,总体上体现出层级明确、权责明晰、因地制宜、循序渐进的国家治理理念。  相似文献   

Reconsideration of Neo-Tethys Evolution Constrained from the Nature of the Dazhuqu Ophiolitic Mantle, Southern Tibet     

LIU Tong  WU Fuyuan  LIU Chuanzhou  ZHANG Chang  JI Wenbin  XU Yang 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(Z1):36-36

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Petrogenesis of Chang'E-5 young mare low-Ti basalts     

Linxi Li  Hejiu Hui  Sen Hu  Hao Wang  Wei Yang  Yi Chen  Shitou Wu  Lixin Gu  Lihui Jia  Fuyuan Wu 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2023,58(10):1429-1448

The regolith samples returned by the Chang'E-5 mission (CE-5) contain the youngest radiometrically dated mare basaltic clasts, which provide an opportunity to elucidate the magmatic activities on the Moon during the late Eratosthenian. In this study, detailed petrographic observations and comprehensive geochemical analyses were performed on the CE-5 basaltic clasts. The major element concentrations in individual plagioclase grain of the CE-5 basalts may vary slightly from core to rim, whereas pyroxene has clear chemical zonation. The crystallization sequence of the CE-5 mare basalts was determined using petrographic and geochemical relations in the basaltic clasts. In addition, both fractional crystallization (FC) and assimilation and fractional crystallization models were applied to simulate the chemical evolution of melt equilibrated with plagioclase in CE-5 basalts. Our results reveal that the melt had a TiO₂ content of ~3 wt% and an Mg# of ~45 at the onset of plagioclase crystallization, suggesting a low-Ti parental melt of the CE-5 basalts. The relatively high FeO content (>14.5 wt%) in melt equilibrated with plagioclase could have resulted in extensive crystallization of ilmenite, unlike in Apollo low-Ti basalts. Furthermore, our calculations showed that the geochemical evolution of CE-5 basaltic melt could not have occurred in a closed system. On the contrary, the CE-5 basalts could have assimilated mineral, rock, and glass fragments that have higher concentrations of KREEP elements (potassium, rare earth elements, and phosphorus) in the regolith during magma flow on the Moon's surface. The presence of the KREEP signature in the CE-5 basalts is consistent with literature remote sensing data obtained from the CE-5 landing site. These KREEP-bearing fragments could originate from KREEP basaltic melts that may have been emplaced at the landing site earlier than the CE-5 basalts.  相似文献   

海南岛周边海域表层沉积物粒度分布特征   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

高为利  张富元  章伟艳  龙江平  初凤友  陈奎英 《海洋通报》2009,28(2)

对采白海南岛周边海域的533个表层沉积物样品(站位水深为0～174 m,平均水深为49 m)作了粒度分析、粒度参数计算和多元统计分析,并进行了沉积物分类和分布特征的研究.结果表明:(1)表层沉积物的粒级组成为-1 φ～>11φ,主要粒级是6～9φ,占55.62%;沉积物类型主要为砾石、砂砾石、砾石质砂、砂、粉砂、粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂,粘土质粉砂和砂-粉砂-粘土9种,其中,砾石、砂、粉砂和粘土百分含量分别为1.14%,22.66%,52.50%和23.70%.(2)沉积物的平均粒径范围为-1.56～7.57φ,平均值为5.87φ;偏态的范围为-0.35～0.77,平均值为0.00;峰态的范围为0.58～3.05,平均值为1.01;分选系数为0.60～3.72φ,平均值为2.24φ.(3)R型聚类分析结果表明表层沉积物摹本上分为粗、细两大类:粗颗粒沉积物由-1φ～3φ粒级组成,细颗粒沉积物由4φ～>11φ组成,各粒级归类良好,图形清晰.R型因子分析结果表明前四种因子累计特征值比例达到92.80%,因子1主要由7φ～>11φ的正载荷和0φ～2φ的负载荷组成,因子2主要由5φ～6φ的正载荷组成,因子3则由3φ～4φ的负载荷组成,因子4主要由-1φ负载荷组成.(4)研究区粗粒沉积物主要位于水动力较强、物质来源多种的沉积环境,并多经历了后期的现代细粒沉积作用的改造,细粒沉积物主要位于水动力弱、物质来源单一的环境.  相似文献