Natural Cadmium Isotopic Variations in Eight Geological Reference Materials (NIST SRM 2711, BCR 176, GSS-1, GXR-1, GXR-2, GSD-12, Nod-P-1, Nod-A-1) and Anthropogenic Samples, Measured by MC-ICP-MS   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

Christophe Cloquet  Olivier Rouxel  Jean Carignan  Guy Libourel 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2005,29(1):95-106

In this study, the Cd isotopic composition of various geological reference materials and anthropogenic samples was investigated. The measurements were made by multicollector ICP-MS and instrumental mass fractionation was controlled using a "sample-standard bracketing" technique. Cadmium isotopic data are reported relative to an internal Cd solution (Cd Spex) and expressed as the ¹¹⁴ Cd/¹¹⁰Cd delta value. Two other Cd solutions (Prolabo and JMC) were analysed and yielded the same 0% delta value. A fractionated Cd metal sample (Münster Cd) was used as a secondary reference material for Cd isotopic measurements and we obtained a ¹¹⁴ Cd/¹¹⁰ Cd delta value of 4.48% relative to Cd Spex solution. As opposed to multi-stage Cd purification previously published in the literature, a new one step anionic exchange purification using dilute HCl for the analysis of Cd isotopes in geological samples was developed. This method enabled a high recovery (> 95%) and effective separation of the sample matrix to be achieved. The long-term external reproducibility was evaluated at 0.12% (2 standard deviations) for the ¹¹⁴ Cd/¹¹⁰Cd ratio, based on reference solutions and replicated measurements of samples over one year. The variation of Cd isotopic composition of natural terrestrial samples is restricted to a small range of 0.4%, which is similar to previously reported results. In contrast, large variations of Cd isotopic composition were found for anthropogenic samples with values as low as −0.64% for a dust sample issued from a lead smelter and values as high as +0.50% for NIST SRM 2711 (metal-rich soil). These variations are 10 times larger than the reproducibility and suggest that Cd isotopes can be useful as tracers of anthropogenic sources of Cd in the environment.  相似文献   

羟基磷灰石吸附水溶液中Cd~(2 )的影响因素的研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘羽  胥焕岩  黄志良  罗惠华 《岩石矿物学杂志》2001,(4)

对羟基磷灰石 (Hap)固定水溶性Cd2 的影响因素进行了较为系统的实验研究。实验表明 :去除率与Cd2 初始浓度呈负相关 ,在Cd2 初始浓度 <10mg/L时 ,与作用时间、pH值、Hap用量呈正相关 ,温度对去除率的影响较小。通过正交实验确定了最佳吸附条件 :Hap用量为 5g/L ,pH值为 6 ,作用时间 5min。  相似文献   

用于原子吸收光谱分析的在线流动注射液-液萃取流路系统研究及应用          下载免费PDF全文

黄慧萍  赵永旭  郑建华  林守麟 《地球科学》1993,2(6)

本文对在线液-液萃取流路系统进行了研究,采用一种新型相分离器——重力相分离器和提出了一个萃取镉的新体系:Cd-KI-抗坏血酸-联苯重氮撑氨基偶氮苯,并用所设计的流路对矿石中痕量镉进行了测定,在采样频率为20h~(-1)时,方法的灵敏度比直接测定提高100倍,检出限(3δ)为0.5ug·l~(-1)(n=10),相对标准偏差为1.1％(n=10)。  相似文献   

流动注射—荧光光度法快速测定痕量镉的研究     

郭金雪  赵慧春 《岩矿测试》1991,10(3):200-202

本文试验了Cd(Ⅱ)-8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸(H_2QS)-CTMAB胶束体系的形成条件,并拟定了流动注射-荧光光度测定痕量Cd的方法,讨论了影响该方法灵敏度的诸因素。在此体系中Cd(Ⅱ)的线性范围是0—5.0μg/ml,进样频率达180次/小时。此方法已用于测定工业废水中Cd的含量,回收率在95.2—98.7％之间。  相似文献   

阳极溶出伏安法同时测定痕量锡和镉   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

熊治强  郝恩坤 《岩矿测试》1996,15(1):77-79

在ＨＣｌ－ＮＨ＿４Ｃｌ底液中，电解时间６０ｓ、电镀时间５ｓ、除氧３０ｓ的条件下，Ｓｎ和Ｃｄ有稳定的溶出峰。Ｓｎ和Ｃｄ的检出限分别为６．５μｇ／Ｌ和３．０μｇ／Ｌ，测定范围分别为１０～２００μｇ／Ｌ和５～１８０μｇ／Ｌ。对含Ｓｎ和Ｃｄ为２０μｇ／Ｌ的试液测定１０份，ＲＳＤ分别为５．６１％和４．８３％。方法用于实际样品测定，结果与文献方法相符。  相似文献   

Duration of soil cadmium and lead pollution from shale-based alum production     

Bo Bergbck  Mats Eklund  Ulrik Lohm  John Svidn 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1997,58(2-3)

The scope of this study is to assess the present impact from an historical emission source, in order to provide information on the duration of this metal pollution problem.The present distribution of cadmium and lead, emitted from a Swedish alumworks between 1726–1840, was studied in soils, sediments and ground water. The soil data imply that cadmium has disappeared from the surface soils during the 150 to 250 years that have passed since the emissions ceased. Lead concentrations of the soil are elevated only within 200 m from the site of the works. Further away, the lead concentrations are almost at background level. A possible explanation for this pattern, is that lead dispersed in large particles has not yet fully disintegrated and leached down the soil profile, in contrast to the smaller particles deposited further away.The metal concentrations in the ground water wells are slightly higher than the Swedish average but probably governed by the pH of the water, rather than the occurrence of large amounts of metals. Elevated lead concentrations were found in a few sediment samples in the river mouth downstream from the works. These elevated concentrations coincided with the abundant occurrence of small particles of used shale, indicating their origin.Cadmium is not found, at present, in the soil around the alumworks in concentrations substantially above background levels. Consequently, it is likely that the cadmium deposited in the area, has leached through the upper layers of the soil profile on its way to the sea sediments. Likewise, the lead concentrations in the soil beyond 200 m from the alumworks are not above background levels which indicate that losses through leaching have occurred at a rate of 0.5 to 1.5% yr⁻¹.Finally, comparisons with other long-term perspective studies give an opportunity to discuss the rate for the disappearance of an environmental problem.  相似文献   

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定岩石和土壤中痕量镉   总被引：8，自引：6，他引：2  

邵文军  张激光  刘晶晶 《岩矿测试》2008,27(4):310-312

试样用王水、高氯酸分解。在高氯酸介质中,不经分离富集,无需添加任何基体改进剂,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法直接测定岩石和土壤样品中的痕量镉。对试样分解、灰化和原子化温度进行了选择,优化了仪器工作条件。方法检出限为0.0066μg/g,精密度(RSD,n=12)低于8.0%。方法简单、快速、准确,适用于大批量岩石和土壤样品中痕量镉的分析。  相似文献   

快速标准加入无火焰原子吸收光谱法测定人血和动物血中铅和镉   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

马龙  陈新民 《岩矿测试》2008,27(5):文后II-文后II

用快速简便的标准加入无火焰原子吸收光谱法测定人血和动物血中有害元素铅和镉.与普通的标准加入法相比,此法在样品前处理、标准曲线绘制及样品结果计算上都有了很大的简化.方法检出限为铅2.00μg/L,镉0.30μg/L;回收率为铅99.5%～101.2%,镉99.7%～101.3%;精密度为铅0.95%,镉2.18%.方法灵敏度高,精密度好,适用于特定人群血液中铅和镉含量的普查.  相似文献   

云南金顶超大型铅锌矿区水系沉积物中镉的形态分析     

李航  肖唐付  朱长生  何立斌  宁增平  李大华  双燕  谭显龙 《矿物岩石》2008,28(2):107-112

金顶矿区长期的矿业活动造成矿区水系沉积物严重污染.通过沉积物中Cd的化学形态分析发现:矿区沉积物中Cd元素形态主要以可还原态为主,其次为可氧化态Cd、残渣态Cd和弱酸提取态Cd.沉积物中Cd的形态特征受污染源的控制.当沉积物受氧化矿为主体的污染源控制时,镉的弱酸提取态和可还原态相对较高(占总金属量的90%以上),而当沉积物受硫化矿为主体污染源控制时.镉的弱酸提取态和可还原态相对较低(仅占总金属量的20%左右).池江水系沉积物中Cd的弱酸提取态占相当大比例(占金属总量的18.8%),在表生环境中极易释放出来并污染水体,对矿区乃至矿区下游流域生态环境构成直接的危害.  相似文献   

三种土壤铅和镉的质量基准初步研究^*   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

董双双  陈静生 《地理研究》1997,16(4):31-38

在制定地下水源保护区污染控制措施时,最常遇到的问题之一是缺少土壤包气带和含水层中化学物质的基准和标准。文中以铅、镉为例,结合北京、唐山地下水水源地实际情况,运用“平衡分配法”,根据土壤对铅和镉的吸附容量和分配系数研究包气带土壤中的铅和镉的质量基准。结果表明,土壤中铅和镉的质量基准与溶液pH值成对数线性关系,据此可计算不同pH条件下的土壤中重金属的质量基准。  相似文献