多普勒天气雷达探测揭示的台风云娜(Rananim) 登陆前后特征演变研究^*   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

薛根元  赵放  冀春晓  周丽峰 《第四纪研究》2006,26(3):370-383

温州多普勒天气雷达(CINRAD-SA)建于面临东海的大罗山顶(海拔714m),探测环境较好,它对0414号台风云娜(Rananim)进行了系统性跟踪探测,取得了完整的基数据资料。应用该多普勒天气雷达连续探测资料,配合地面中尺度自动站加密观测资料,通过云娜台风登陆前后的螺旋云带、台风"眼"眼壁、垂直累积含水量和降水量与眼区速度谱宽、台风内中尺度环流等分析,研究了登陆前后台风强度和雷达径向速度的演变特征;同时使用MM5(V3.6)中尺度数值模式结合雷达数值产品分析,就地形对台风演变特征的影响进行了研究,初步揭示了地形影响的一些主要演变特征。研究发现:云娜台风中心登陆之前,位于海上的台风"眼"眼壁在8km高度以下基本垂直,在8km高度以上"眼"的直径明显增大。当台风登陆时,由于受地形影响,其眼壁出现向前或向右前方倾斜,台风"眼"内回波由低层向高层"填塞"。台风眼"填塞"后,台风环流重又加强,使得强回波主体(＞35dbz)仍可保持眼壁轮廓并能持续相当一段时间,这一现象在数值试验中得到了证实;在台风暴雨系统中垂直累积液态水含量(VIL)相同时,由于液态水含量的密实程度不同"降水效率"差异极大,有时可使降水量的差异达到2.5倍甚至更大;台风登陆时,眼壁速度谱宽急剧变化,从到达陆地眼壁前部的低层起到高层增大。多普勒速度谱宽的这种变化与低空西南急流的维持与否相一致。在3~5km高度以上,谱宽较为稳定,表明该高度层的西南急流稳定维持;台风登陆时,受到地形和山脉影响,最大风速半径及台风环流强度随时间的推延,低层最大环流中心移速减慢、最大风速半径开始缩小;台风暴雨的降雨强度与其气旋性涡旋的动力辐合上升强度趋于一致,从多普勒径向速度场产品可以直观地识别、判断和分析辐合辐散运动与冷暧平流的迭加风场。强降水区集中在台风的右前侧,与台风回波强度的不对称结构相一致,并有明显的"眼"的形状。台风环流在乐清砩头、永嘉中堡附近喇叭口状地形幅合作用显著;东南气流与北雁荡山脉形成的较大夹角,对暖湿气流强迫抬升作用十分明显。  相似文献   

用小波分析方法诊断杭州近50 a夏季气温变化   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

樊高峰  苗长明 《气象科学》2008,28(4):431-434

应用小波分析方法对杭州市1951年以来的夏季气温进行分析,发现杭州夏季平均气温发生过4次转折,每次年代际转换中都伴随着年际剧烈振荡.1978-1981年是一次大幅度转折点,随后气温剧烈振荡的发生频率明显增多,强度增大.随着全球气候变化杭州夏季平均气温周期多变,不稳定性增加.  相似文献   

The structure of the radio galaxy 3C388 at decameter wavelengths     

A. V. Megn  S. Ya. Braude  S. L. Rashkovskii  N. K. Sharykin  V. A. Shepelev  G. A. Inyutin  R. V. Vashchishin  A. I. Brazhenko  V. G. Bulatsen 《Astronomy Reports》2001,45(2):86-94

Observations of the structure of the radio galaxy 3C338 at decameter wavelengths obtained using the URAN-1 and URAN-2 radio interferometers are presented. The structure of this object at these wavelengths differs appreciably from images obtained at higher frequencies. The most probable simple models for the radio brightness distributions at 25 and 20 MHz are determined: two extended components with sizes from 40″ to 50″ whose centers are separated by 90″–100″ in position angle about 100°, and a single compact component 9″×4″ in size, whose flux density does not exceed 10% of the total flux density of the radio galaxy.  相似文献   

基于GIS降水空间分析的逐步插值方法   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

周锁铨  薛根元  周丽峰  孙琪  康娜 《气象学报》2006,64(1):100-111

根据长江中上游697个气象观测站1971—2000年30年降水资料,利用逐步回归方法和地理信息技术(GIS),建立了平均季降水和年降水与4km分辨率的DEM、坡向、坡度等地形数据的回归方程,并通过了信度为0.05的F检验,将降水量中地形影响部分分离出来。在此基础上,发展了逐步插值方法(SIA),并与GIS技术和多元逐步回归方法结合,显著提高了年、季降水空间分布的计算精度。结果表明:SIA季节降水空间分布的相对误差为6.86%,绝对误差为13.07mm,平均变差系数为0.070,平均相关系数为0.9675;年降水量的绝对误差为72.1mm,相对误差为7.34%,平均变差系数为0.092,相关系数达到了0.9605。对SIA年平均降水量的分析表明,采用3—5步的SIA计算,就可以显著提高计算精度,绝对误差由211.0mm下降到62.4mm,相对误差由20.74%下降到5.97%,变差系数从0.2312下降到0.0761,相关系数由0.5467提高到0.9619,SIA方法50步的计算表明,SIA计算的结果一致收敛于观测值。  相似文献   

射洪县近30年区域气候特征分析     

雷俊  方之芳  瞿婞  张婕 《成都信息工程学院学报》2007,22(3):360-364

利用射洪县近30年来的气温、降水、相对湿度、云量、日照时数等气象要素资料,应用多种统计方法分析了近30年来射洪县的区域气候特征.结果表明,射洪年平均温度在1986年左右发生转折性变化,气温明显变暖.而年降水量总体上以波动变化为主,在20世纪80年代中后期有较为明显的减少.降水量与年平均温度的突变年代类似,但变化趋势正好相反,说明90年代以后射洪的气候向暖干型转变.各气象要素的综合分析表明,随着全球气候变暖,射洪区域气候变化趋势不容乐观:相对湿度的减少导致降水减少,而温度则在进一步上升,低云量的增加和日照时数的减少,使得阴天寡照加剧.射洪区域气候变化与当地诸如人口增长,城市扩大等人类活动,以及农业生态之间均存在密切联系.  相似文献   

Populations of Highly Excited Carbon Accounting for Dielectronic Recombination Process     

N.I. Rovenskaya 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2002,281(4):715-727

Intensities of carbon radio recombination lines are analytically described as function of line number, temperature and medium concentration. Accounting for the process of dielectronic recombination the balance equations for highly excited carbon populations as b _n-factors are solved by the diffusional approximation. To determine medium temperature and density with the experimental amplification coefficients the system of boundary condition equations is formulated as . Analytically found in the range of temperatures T _e = 25-100, 10⁴ K the line amplification coefficients are compared with the numerical solutions. By the method of radio lines intensity ratio of carbon for the observations at frequencies 34.5–25 MHz the density magnitudes are calculated towards Cassiopeia A as function of temperature. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Effects of microlensing on parameters of the images seen near the critical curves of gravitational lens galaxies     

A. A. Minakov  V. G. Vakulik 《Astronomy Letters》2000,26(10):628-638

We investigate the effect of microlensing on parameters of the images of distant sources seen near the critical curves of complex gravitational lenses, which are represented as a sum of compact structures—microlenses (stars, star-like or planet-like bodies) and diffusely distributed matter (dust and gas clouds etc.). The observation of merging, cross-shaped, annular, or arc-shaped source images is an indication that the images are close to the critical curves of gravitational lenses. Our analysis and numerical solution have allowed us to determine the structures of the critical curves and caustics formed by macro-and microlenses, as well as to estimate the characteristic perturbations introduced by microlenses at their various positions relative to the critical curve of a regular gravitational lens. We show that, the closer are the microlenses to the critical curve, the larger is the discrepancy between our results and those obtained previously with standard (linearized) allowance for the effect of a regular gravitational lens.  相似文献   

浙江八面山新型萤石矿床矿石类型   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

徐少康  夏学惠  闫飞  严生贤  郑兴泉 《化工矿产地质》2011,33(3):143-154

浙江八面山萤石矿床有4个成矿期次,第2次为蚀变作用,其它三次为热液作用.第1次成矿作用形成的矿石有7大类型,色深(黑灰、深灰)、普遍含碳泥质、金属矿物和粘土矿物出现概率较高.第2次成矿作用形成的矿石有两种,色浅(绿灰、灰白)、符山石和斜长石含量较高、不合金属矿物和碳泥质.第3次成矿作用仅形成了黑灰、黑色铁质含量高的纹层...  相似文献   

A search for local sources of the S-component at decameter wavelengths     

L. L. Bazelyan 《Solar physics》1987,112(1):107-117

In an effort to find local sources of the Slowly Varying Component (SVC), an analysis is made of the episodical observations carried out since 1972 during periods of low solar activity at 20 and 25 MHz. In contrast to other writers who reported on successful observations of such sources (Kundu et al., 1977; Sastry et al., 1981, 1983), we have not found local sources, though we used the UTR-2 radio telescope to observe from several to several tens brightness distributions of the quiet Sun per day.The multiple daily measurements allowed tracing the dynamics of the burst development. As has been found, bursts of high intensity can give rise to nonthermal radiation from the region of generation, thus producing a considerable increase in the maximum brightness temperature of scans across the Sun. The relaxation time of this process is 20 to 30 min. It is not improbable that this is the effect responsible for large variations in the maximum brightness temperatures of the scans that Sastry et al. (1981) connected with the SVC.25 MHz radioheliograms of April 29 and 30, 1976, are presented which supplement the data of observations at Clark Lake (Kundu et al., 1977). It is shown that the sources observed there on April 27 and April 29, 1976, were most likely of nonthermal nature.We conclude that at present, in spite of reports of some workers, there is no convincing evidence for the existence of local SVC sources at decameter wavelengths. Their reality could be confirmed or denied by more observations with better radio telescopes and a better account of the specific features of the decameter band.Formely Division of Radio Astronomy, Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics.  相似文献   

Solar eclipse of August 1, 2008, above Kharkov: 1. Results of incoherent scatter observations     

I. F. Domnin  L. Ya. Yemel’yanov  D. V. Kotov  M. V. Lyashenko  L. F. Chernogor 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2013,53(1):113-123

The observation results of the effects in the geospace plasma during a partially (magnitude ～0.42) solar eclipse are presented. The experimental data were obtained with an incoherent scatter radar of the Institute of the Ionosphere (near Kharkov). During the eclipse, the density at the F2 layer maximum decreased by 32%, the foF2 critical frequency decreased by 17.5%, and the altitude of the F2 layer maximum increased insignificantly. At altitudes of 290–680 km, the electron density decreased by ～25%. During the eclipse, the electron and ion temperature decreased by 70–180 and 0–140 K, respectively, at altitudes of 190–490 km. Near the eclipse main phase, the plasma velocity vertical component decreased by 10–45 m/s at altitudes of 200–470 km, respectively. At the time of the eclipse main phase, the hydrogen ion fractional density increased by 50% as compared to the reference day at altitudes of 450–650 km.  相似文献