A refined garnet - biotite Fe−Mg exchange geothermometer and its application in amphibolites and granulites   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Somnath Dasgupta  Pulak Sengupta  Dipayan Guha  M. Fukuoka 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1991,109(1):130-137

A new formulation of garnet-biotite Fe–Mg exchange thermometer has been developed through statistical regression of the reversed experimental data of Ferry and Spear. Input parameters include available thermo-chemical data for quaternary Fe–Mg–Ca–Mn garnet solid solution and for excess free energy terms, associated with mixing of Al and Ti, in octahedral sites, in biotite solid solution. The regression indicates that Fe–Mg mixing in biotite approximates a symmetrical regular solution model showing positive deviation from ideality withW _FeMg ^bi =1073±490 cal/mol. H _r and S _r for the garnet-biotite exchange equilibrium were derived to be 4301 cal and 1.85 cal respectively. The resultant thermometer gives consistent results for rocks with a much wider compositional range than can be accommodated by earlier formulations.  相似文献   

Larger floods of Himalayan foothill rivers sustained flows in the Ghaggar–Hakra channel during Harappan age     

Ajit Singh  Vikrant Jain  Michel Danino  Naveen Chauhan  Rahul Kumar Kaushal  Shantamoy Guha  V. N. Prabhakar 《第四纪科学杂志》2021,36(4):611-627

The human–landform interaction in the region of the Ghaggar–Hakra palaeochannel in the northwest Indo-Gangetic plains during the Bronze Age Indus/Harappan civilisation (~4.6–3.9 thousand years before the present, ka bp ) remains an enigmatic case due to a paucity of evidence regarding the hydrology of the then existing river. Here, we estimated the palaeohydrology of the foothill Markanda River in the sub-Himalayan catchment of the Ghaggar–Hakra (G–H) palaeochannel. Our morphology and chronology results show aggradation of a fan (57.7 ka) during the Late Pleistocene and T–1 to T–5 fluvial terraces (13.1 to 6.0 ka) during the terminal Pleistocene to Holocene, and deposition of palaeoflood sediments (3.9–3.8 ka) over the T–3 terraces during the Late Holocene. Considering the known uplift rates along the Himalayan frontal thrust, and our estimated aggradation rates, we derived channel palaeogeometry and calculated peak discharge at the site of palaeoflood deposits. We conclude that the Markanda River's peak discharge was several orders of magnitude higher during the Late Holocene than the modern-day peak discharge of 100-year return period. The palaeoflood deposits represent larger flooding of the foothill rivers that sustained flows in the downstream reaches of the Ghaggar–Hakra palaeochannel during the Late Harappan civilisation.  相似文献   

Application of criteria and indicators in community based sustainable mangrove management in the Sunderbans,India     

Debajit Datta  P. Guha  R.N. Chattopadhyay 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2010,53(8):468-477

Management of mangroves in a sustainable ecological as well as economic way is a difficult proposition and needs multi-disciplinary intervention. This paper highlights the importance of criteria and indicators to evaluate the status of performance of communities in managing their mangroves sustainably. The framework developed on the basis of 6 principles, 12 criteria, 36 indicators and 47 verifiers had been applied for assessment of Eco-Development Committees of the Sunderbans, India. Results show the presence of a highly positive correlation between performance of the committees and condition of the mangrove environment. Level of implementation of legal and institutional management strategies to protect mangroves proves to be the essential pre-condition in achieving sustainability. The study further demonstrates the effectiveness of the developed framework in the context of community forestry since the methodology was designed to be simple and flexible so as to apply it in forest management unit level without any major difficulty.  相似文献   

造山型金矿的地质特征和成矿流体     

卢焕章  池国祥  朱笑青  Guha J  Archambault G  王中刚 《大地构造与成矿学》2018,(2):244-265

造山型金矿是全球重要的金矿类型。造山型金矿包含三种类型:产于绿岩带的含金石英碳酸盐脉、产于浊积岩中的含金石英脉和产于条带状铁矿(BIF)中的含金石英脉。造山型金矿的形成受板块构造控制,处于压缩或者转换挤压的造山构造环境。造山型金矿中的绿岩带金矿主要受剪切带、转换断层控制,浊积岩型金矿受褶皱和层间走滑断层控制,而赋存于BIF中的金矿则受剪切带和断层所控制。在这些金矿床中发现了4类流体包裹体:H_2O-CO_2型、富CO_2型、气液包裹体和含Na Cl子矿物的包裹体。所有年代的造山型金矿成矿流体的成分均为低盐度的水溶液和富CO_2的流体,温度在200~400℃范围内。稳定同位素研究表明造山型金矿的成矿流体源自变质流体和岩浆流体。金在成矿流体中的络合物应为Au HS~-或Au H_2S。虽然成矿流体中有丰富的CO_2,但Au在CO_2流体中的溶解度很低,有丰富的CO_2时Au在H_2S中的溶解度增大。流体包裹体研究表明,Au的成矿流体是Na Cl-H_2O-CO_2体系的流体,并在成矿过程中发生了相分离,即Na Cl-H_2O-CO_2流体分成两个流体:H_2O-Na Cl和CO_2-H_2O,Au的沉淀是在这种相分离过程中发生的。  相似文献   

加拿大Abitibi 绿岩带Donalda金矿近水平含金石英脉的显微构造分析及其对成矿流体动力学的指示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

池国祥  Jayanta Guha 《地学前缘》2011,18(5):43-54

位于加拿大Abitibi 绿岩带南部的Donalda 金矿床主要由近水平的、与剪切带近垂直的含金石英脉组成,矿脉厚度0.3~0.5 m,含大量与脉壁平行的条带,指示多期次裂隙扩张和矿物沉淀。原生石英 c轴方位测量显示石英生长方向垂直于脉壁,指示断裂属张性,矿物沉淀属空间充填。显微裂隙、细脉及流体包裹体面 (FIPs) 的方位测量指示原生矿物受到了近直立的最大主压应力(σ1) 作用,与区域性的、近水平的南北向挤压应力不符。这一矛盾现象可用流体压力在超静岩和静水压力之间周期性变化及近水平断裂的周期性张开与闭合来解释。当流体压力大于静岩压力时,断裂张开,原生矿物沉淀,而当流体压力减小时,断裂上盘往下垮,两盘突出的矿物碰撞、碾压形成与脉壁平行的变形条带。由于断裂两盘岩石不是沿整条断裂都互相接触,两盘相顶部分承受的垂直应力大于水平方向的挤压应力, 这就解释了为什么显微构造指示近直立的最大主压应力(σ1)。这个流体构造模式支持断层阀模式,并且无须改变区域应力场就可解释脉体内局部主压应力的变化。  相似文献   

Effects of Energetic Solar Emissions on the Earth–Ionosphere Cavity of Schumann Resonances     

Gabriella Sátori  Earle Williams  Colin Price  Robert Boldi  Alexander Koloskov  Yuri Yampolski  Anirban Guha  Veronika Barta 《Surveys in Geophysics》2016,37(4):757-789

Schumann resonances (SR) are the electromagnetic oscillations of the spherical cavity bounded by the electrically conductive Earth and the conductive but dissipative lower ionosphere (Schumann in Z Naturforsch A 7:6627–6628, 1952). Energetic emissions from the Sun can exert a varied influence on the various parameters of the Earth’s SR: modal frequencies, amplitudes and dissipation parameters. The SR response at multiple receiving stations is considered for two extraordinary solar events from Solar Cycle 23: the Bastille Day event (July 14, 2000) and the Halloween event (October/November 2003). Distinct differences are noted in the ionospheric depths of penetration for X-radiation and solar protons with correspondingly distinct signs of the frequency response. The preferential impact of the protons in the magnetically unshielded polar regions leads to a marked anisotropic frequency response in the two magnetic field components. The general immunity of SR amplitudes to these extreme external perturbations serves to remind us that the amplitude parameter is largely controlled by lightning activity within the Earth–ionosphere cavity.  相似文献   

Effect of different wall roughness on the frictional behavior of rock joints     

Debanjan Guha Roy  Ashutosh Tripathy  T. N. Singh 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2017,89(3):303-306

Rock discontinuities play a crucial and critical role on the deformational and failure behavior of the rock mass. In most investigations, both the surfaces of the rock joints are considered to have same roughness. But, in nature, the walls of a fresh joint is only expected to be complimentary and to have same roughness. Weathered and water percolating rock joint is most likely to develop different surface roughness on the two opposite walls. So, the shear strength and frictional response behavior derived from the single joint roughness coefficient (JRC) assumption cannot be used in such a condition. To address this shortcoming, we have prepared sandstone blocks with different surface roughness and conducted experiments in a tribometer. The static friction, shear stiffness and coefficient-of-friction of the joint surfaces were calculated and their changes with increasing normal load were noted. One of the major findings of this paper is that, shear strength of the joints may not have a direct correlation with the increasing JRC value of the individual joint walls. Hence, some of the joint walls having higher cumulative JRCs were found to show lower shear strength than those with lowers roughness. This is because, the opposing walls of such joints are not anymore complementary and the frictional resistance is completely controlled by the height and contact area of the asperites.  相似文献   

Gold mineralization patterns in relation to the lithologic and tectonic evolution of the Chibougamau mining district,Quebec, Canada     

J. Guha  B. Dubé  P. Pilote  E. H. Chown  G. Archambault  G. Bouchard 《Mineralium Deposita》1988,23(4):293-298

The Chibougamau mining camp, a major gold producer, has so far produced a total of 1,050 mt of gold at an average grade of 1.85 g/tonne. In contrast to a general tendency to group the deposits as vein type with varying compositions, this paper demonstrates the strong influence of regional lithologic and tectonic evolution of the area on the gold mineralization patterns. A syn-volcanic period of mineralization comprises both the volcanogenic massive sulphide and disseminated mineralization, and the subsequent epithermal mineralization. The latter is also associated with evolving volcanic landforms and syn-volcanic intrusions. The emplacement of the typical Archean lode-gold deposits and later Cu-Au deposits of uncertain origin coincides with the syn-deformational (Kenoran) period. The spatial relationship between the east-west-trending shear zones and a north-east-trending fault system is shown to be a possible mechanism for generating added dilatancy during the gold mineralizing phase. A late-to-post Kenoran shear system controlled the emplacement of the last major phase of gold mineralization within a stratiform intrusion.  相似文献   

Petrologic and Geochemical Characteristics and Origin of Gusui Cherts,Guangdong Province,China     

EDWARDH.CHOWN  EDWARDH.CHOWN 《中国地球化学学报》1994,13(2):118-131

The characteristic structures of the Precambrian cherts from the Gusui section, Guangdong ,Chi-na, include bedded structure ,laminated structure ,massive structure and pseudobrecciated structure.The chert is characterized by consistently low abundance of TiO2,Al2O3 and most trace elements.Howevver ,it is enriched in Ba,As,Sb,Hg and Se.In Al-Fe-Mn ternary diagrams,it falls into the “hydrothermal field“ .Correspondence analysis and factor analysis show that many elements show up in the factor that represents the leaching of country rocks by hydrothermal solutions,and are the very characteristic element association fo the geochemically anomalous South China basement.Petrologic and geochemical evidence suggests a hydrothermal origin for the chert.The chert may have been formed in a Precambrian fift or an extension zone developed within the Yunkai marginal geosyncline, with a fault system linking it to an unknown heat source at depth.  相似文献   

Geochemical migration of impurity trace elements and resultant fractal distribution patterns in source rocks     

Yongzhang Zhou  Edward H. Chown  Guangzhi Tu  Jayanta Guha  Huangzhang Lu 《Mathematical Geology》1994,26(4):419-435

The migration of trace elements from the inner part of solid cells to the weaknesses is the bottleneck in the migration of these elements from their initial positions in the source rock to the final deposition site in ore bodies. Diffusion may play a key role in the reactivation of trace elements. The overall migration pattern of trace elements in source rocks is a fractal structure. There are two general tendencies for trace elements to migrate. One is from within solid cells toward sinks, and the other is from high temperature fields toward low temperature ones. High temperature enhances these two tendencies. Conjugate geochemical anomalies are the inevitable result of a closed geochemical system.  相似文献