排序方式： 共有51条查询结果，搜索用时 78 毫秒
21.
1986—1987厄尔尼诺事件的数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用高分辨率自由表面热带太平洋环流模式，在观测到的风应力和热量、水汽通量驱动下，对１９８６—１９８７厄尔尼诺（Ｅ１Ｎｉｎｏ）事件进行了数值模拟。各种变量场的时空结构及其演变表明，模式成功地模拟出１９８６—１９８７厄尔尼诺现象。始于１９８６年年中，赤道西太平洋的西风异常所推动的向东表层洋流不断向中、东太平洋输送暖水，至１１月份，大量暖水在日界线附近堆积，造成海面上升（达３２ｃｍ）和斜温层（用２０℃等温线深度表示）加深。１９８６年年底的强西风异常激发出赤道Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ波，并向赤道东太平洋和南美沿岸传播，使那里的斜温层加深和海面上升，且具有双峰结构；Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ波所伴随的垂直冷平流的减弱造成赤道中、东太平洋海表温度上升；１９８７年春季在中、东太平洋和南美沿岸地区存在强的正海表温度异常，并伴随着整个赤道太平洋斜温层东西方向变平、赤道潜流弱而中心位置变浅。厄尔尼诺相伴随的热带太平洋环流异常首先于１９８７年年中从东太平洋开始消失，而中、西太平洋则一直维持到１９８８年初。 相似文献
22.
热带太平洋环流季节变化的数值模拟 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在观测到的海表风应力和热量及淡水通量驱动下，用大气物理研究所发展的高分辨率自由表面热带太平洋环流模式对热带太平洋环流季节变化进行了数值模拟。对模拟得到的热带太平洋海面起伏、温度场和流场等季节变化分析、比较表明，模式成功地模拟了观测到的环流季节变化基本特征。其中，海面起伏中西北太平洋副热带反气旋环流在冬季最强，赤道槽在冬季和早春季强，而赤道脊和北赤道逆流槽则在秋季强；北赤道逆流在秋季强而春季弱，150°W附近区域赤道表层洋流流向在4至7月逆转；赤道东太平洋地区海表温度场春季增暖和秋冷却；以及次表层赤道斜温层 相似文献
23.
Yukio Masumoto 《Journal of Oceanography》2004,60(2):313-320
The generation of small meanders of the Kuroshio south of Kyushu has been investigated using a high-resolution ocean general
circulation model of the North Pacific Ocean. The small cyclonic meander develops in the region east of the Tokara Strait
with a period of about one month, then propagates downstream along the Kuroshio path to the longitude of the Kii Peninsula,
which is similar to the so-called trigger meanders for the formation of the large-meander of the Kuroshio south of Japan.
It turns out that the generation of the small meander is a local phenomenon, strongly associated with anticyclonic eddies
that propagate northeastward along the Kuroshio path in the East China Sea. The vorticity balance indicates that the accumulation
of positive vorticity during the developing phase of the small meander occurs mainly from the balance between the stretching
and the advection terms.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
24.
Ocean Model Simulation of Southern Indian Ocean Surface Currents 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The dynamic importance of the Southern Indian Ocean (SIO) lies in the fact that it connects the three major world oceans: the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. Modeling study has been used to understand the circulation pattern of this very important region. Simulation of SIO (10°N-60°S and 30°E-120°E) is performed with z-coordinate Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) viz; MOM3.0 and the results have been compared with observed ship drift data. It is found that except near coastal boundaries and in equatorial region, the simulated current reproduce most well known current pattern such as Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), South Equatorial Current (SEC) etc. and bears a resemblance to that of the observed data; however the magnitude of the surface current is weaker in model than the observed data, which may be due to deficiency in the forcing field and boundary condition and problem with observed data. The annual mean wind stress curl computed over the oceanic domain reveals about ACC and its similar importance. The way in which the ocean responds to the windstress and vertically integrated transport using model output is fascinating and rather good. 相似文献
25.
本文利用1964~1993年NCAR/NCEP再分析风应力强迫14层热带太平洋环流模式(OGCM),对热带太平洋海温场的年际变化进行了研究。首先,我们对海温场的标准差进行分析,模式能较好地模拟海温场标准差水平和垂直分布的特征,特别是较好地反映了最大的变率不是发生在表层,而是次表层这一特征。然后,分析了与ELNi?o事件关系密切的SSTA和SOTA的年际变化的特征,发现在ELNi?o事件之前,西太平洋暖池的次表层海温都有明显正异常出现,它的东传导致了ELNi?o的发生,并且SOTA的传播随纬度变化,沿赤道东传,在赤道外西传。最后,利用EOF分析了海温场的时空结构,模式海温场前两个特征向量的时间尺度类似ENSO周期以3~5a为主,其空间结构也是典型的ELNi?o事件的前期和发生时期空间特征分布。 相似文献
26.
Shigeki?HosodaEmail author Shang-Ping?Xie Kensuke?Takeuchi Masami?Nonaka 《Journal of Oceanography》2004,60(5):865-877
The North Pacific Central Mode Water (CMW) is a water mass that forms in the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension (KOE) region with
characteristic low potential vorticity. Recent studies have suggested that the CMW, as low potential vorticity water, plays
an important role in the adjustment of the subtropical gyre and subsurface variability on decadal to interdecadal timescales.
We have forced a realistic ocean general circulation model (OGCM) with observed wind stress and sea surface temperature (SST)
forcing to investigate the decadal variations of the CMW. Associated with the large atmospheric changes after the mid-1970s
climate regime shift, the upper thermocline experiences a cooling as negative SST anomalies in the central North Pacific are
subducted and advected southward. In addition to this thermodynamic response, the CMW’s path shifts anomalously eastward in
response to anomalous Ekman pumping. This eastward shift of the core of the CMW produces a lowering of the isotherms, and
a consequent warming, on the path of the CMW core. This warming partially counteracts the cooling associated with subducted
surface anomalies, and it may be responsible for the reduced temperature variations at the climatological position of the
CMW when both anomalous wind and heat fluxes are given. Lateral induction across the sloping bottom of the winter mixed layer
in the KOE is critical to the formation of the low potential vorticity CMW. Coarse resolution models, which are widely used
in climate modeling, underestimate the horizontal gradient of the mixed layer depth and form only a weak CMW or none at all.
We have conducted a coarse resolution experiment with the same OGCM, showing that the subsurface response is much reduced.
In particular, there is no dynamic warming in the CMW and the thermodynamic response to the SST cooling dominates. The resultant
total response differs substantially from that in the finer resolution run where a strong CMW forms. This sensitivity to the
model resolution corroborates the important dynamical role that the CMW may play with its distinctive low potential vorticity
character and calls for its improved simulation. 相似文献
27.
利用10aECMWF风应力资料强迫LASG／IAP L30T63大洋环流模式,模拟分析了印度洋海温变化的基本特征,重点分析了1982年印度洋偶极子事件。模式很好地模拟印度洋的季节变化;模拟的印度洋偶极子指数与实际资料大体上相似,但并非一一对应,且存在2～4月滞后,振幅也小于资料分析的结果;对1982年印度洋偶极子事件做个例分析,研究其发生、发展以及消亡的基本特征。 相似文献
28.
A nested numerical model system has been set up to realistically simulate more than 30 years of the Indonesian throughflow (ITF). A global circulation model delivered the boundary values for sea level, temperature and salinity distributions to a local model covering the region of the ITF. Both models were forced with NCEP data. Results of the regional model are in good agreement with measured data regarding velocity distribution and stratification, as well as transported water masses. Model results show a highly variable and very complex current system. The presence of a realistic throughflow has been simulated even with a barotropic pressure gradient directed from the Indian towards the Pacific Ocean. Furthermore, model experiences indicate that the intensity of the ITF is correlated with the seasonal wind system. It is concluded that the ITF is neither driven by a barotropic or baroclinic pressure gradient nor by local winds. The ITF seems to be, rather, the extension of the very strong tropical Pacific Ocean circulation system westward into the Indonesian seas, where the western boundary is not fully closed due to the passages between the Indonesian islands. A hypothesis for the physical reason is given to explain the existence of the Indonesian throughflow. 相似文献
29.
By analyzing the results of a realistic ocean general circulation model (OGCM) and conducting a series of idealized OGCM experiments, the dynamics of the Kuroshio Current System is examined. In the realistic configuration, the Kuroshio Current System is successfully simulated when the horizontal resolution of OGCMs is increased from 1/2° to 1/10°. The difference between the two experiments shows a jet, the model’s Kuroshio Extension, and a pair of cyclonic and anticyclonic, “relative,” recirculation gyres (RRGs) on the northern and southern flanks of the jet. We call them recirculation gyres because they share some features with ordinary recirculation gyres in previous studies, and we add the adjective “relative” to emphasize that they may not be apparent in the total field. Similar zonal jet and RRGs are obtained also in the idealized model with a rectangular basin and a flat bottom with a horizontal resolution of 1/6°. The northern RRG is generated by the injection of high potential vorticity (PV) created in the viscous sublayer of the western boundary current, indicating the importance of a no-slip boundary condition. Since there is no streamline with such high PV in the Sverdrup interior, the eastward current in the northern RRG region has to lose its PV anomaly by viscosity before connecting to the interior. In the setup stage this injection of high PV is carried out by many eddies generated from the instability of the western boundary current. This high PV generates the northern RRG, which induces the separation of the western boundary current and the formation of the zonal jet. In the equilibrium state, the anomalous high PV values created in the viscous sublayer are carried eastward in the northern flank of the zonal jet. The southern RRG is due to the classical Rhines–Young mechanism, where low PV values are advected northward within the western boundary inertial sublayer, and closed, PV-conserving streamlines form to the south of the Kuroshio Extension, allowing slow homogenization of the low PV anomalies. The westward-flowing southern branch of this southern RRG stabilizes the inertial western boundary current and prevents its separation in the northern half of the Sverdrup subtropical gyre, where the western boundary current is unstable without the stabilizing effect of the southern RRG. Therefore, in the equilibrium state, the southern RRG should be located just to the north of the center of the Sverdrup subtropical gyre, which is defined as the latitude of the Sverdrup streamfunction maximum. The zonal jet (the Kuroshio Extension) and the northern RRG gyre are formed to the north of the southern RRG. This is our central result. This hypothesis is confirmed by a series of sensitivity experiments where the location of the center of the Sverdrup subtropical gyre is changed without changing the boundaries of the subtropical gyre. The locations of the zonal jets in the observed Kuroshio Current System and Gulf Stream are consistent as well. Sensitivities of the model Kuroshio Current System are also discussed with regard to the horizontal viscosity, strength of the wind stress, and coastline. 相似文献
30.
Simulated Heat Sink in the Southern Ocean and Its Contribution to the Recent Hiatus Decade 
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下载免费PDF全文 A set of numerical experiments is designed and carried out to understand a heat sink in the Southern Ocean in the recent hiatus decade. By using an oceanic general circulation model, the authors focus on the contributions from two types of forcing: wind stress and thermohaline forcing. The simulated results show that the heat sink in the upper Southern Ocean comes mainly from thermohaline forcing; while in the deeper layers, wind stress forcing also plays an important role. These different contributions may be due to different physical processes for the heat budget. The combination of these two types of forcing shows a significant heat sink in the Southern Ocean in the recent hiatus decade, and this is consistent with the observations and conclusions of a similar recently published study. 相似文献