REMOTE SENSING METHODS IN THE STUDY AND MAPPING OF NATURE RESERVES     

B. V. Polyakov 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(1):39-40

A Siberian geographer outlines the major aspects of a program to map the climatic and ecological state of ecosystems in the Lake Baykal region of southern East Siberia. A methodology for the classification of micro- and mesoclimates is outlined that is based on the structural characteristics of the underlying terrain surface, the character of air flows into the region, and extensive study of natural conditions in the region. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, Virginia from: Geografiya i prirodnyye resursy, 2000, No. 2, pp. 104-112.  相似文献   

Observing solar phenomenas with the large solar vacuum telescope     

N. M. Firstova  V. I. Polyakov 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2011,51(7):888-892

The large solar vacuum telescope (LSVT) was designed to study solar phenomenas with high spatial and spectral resolution. Due to the large size of the telescope, its real spatial resolution may be as high as ≈0.4 arcsec, which makes it possible to observe fine-structure solar phenomenas like Ellerman bombs and pores. At present, the main subjects of investigation are solar flares. The LSVT research methods—spectral, spectropolarimetric, and filter—provide valuable information on the physical parameters in the phenomenas under study. Spectra and images of the Sun are recorded through an birefringent filter by two CCD cameras.  相似文献   

Simulation of the molecular mass distributions of Si anions on the liquidus of the Na<Subscript>2</Subscript>O-SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> system with regard for the disproportionation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Q</Emphasis> structons     

A. A. Ariskin  A. V. Shil’dt  V. B. Polyakov 《Geochemistry International》2011,49(4):355-374

A new version of the STRUCTON (2009) computer model is proposed for the simulation of the molecular mass distributions (MMD) characterizing the diversity of anions in silicate melts depending on their polymerization and temperature. In contrast to earlier versions, the new version of the model accounts for disproportionation reactions of Q ⁿ species and makes use of their proportions in the statistical simulations of the origin of real Si-O complexes. The new potentialities of the STRUCTON program package are illustrated by its application to studying the structural-chemical characteristics of melts in the Na₂O-SiO₂ system along its liquidus line, including the points of eutectics and phase transitions at 0.333 ≤ $ N_{SiO_2 } $ N_{SiO_2 } < 0.500. This problem is solved with the use of a temperature-composition dependence of polymerization constants K _p ^Na in the Toop-Samis approximation. The variations in K _p ^Na were proved to be as large as three orders of magnitude due to both the temperature effect at a constant composition and the composition effect at a constant temperature. The results of the MMD simulations on the liquidus show that the concentration of the SiO₄⁴⁻ ion strongly decreases, and the proportion of chain species increases compared to those at a stochastic distribution. The concentration of the Si₂O₇⁶⁻ anion reaches its maximum (∼42%) at 40 mol % in the liquid, i.e., the composition of Na₆Si₂O₇. At $ N_{SiO_2 } $ N_{SiO_2 } > 0.40, this ion dominates over the SiO₄⁴⁻ monomer. More silicic melts with $ N_{SiO_2 } $ N_{SiO_2 } ≥ 0.45, are dominated by (Si _n O_3n )³ⁿ⁻ ring species, and the concentrations of these species are related as (Si₃O₉)⁶⁻ > (Si₄O₁₂)⁸⁻ > (Si₅O₁₅)¹⁰⁻. The maximum concentration of these flat rings also occurs near the composition of stoichiometric metasilicate with Si/O = 0.333. The comparison of the dependence of the average size of anions i _av and the average number of their species on depolymerization indicates that a change in the proportion of Q ⁿ species in melt at decreasing temperature results in structural restyling and an increase in the average size of Si-O complexes. The average number of anion species thereby decreases compared to that in a stochastic MMD. The results presented in this publication direct the progress in the thermodynamic theory of silicate melts to a new avenue that makes use of the capabilities and advantages of the ion-polymer model, the theory of associated solutions, spectroscopic data, and the experimental study of variations in oxide activities depending on composition and temperature.  相似文献   

The geochemical role of phyto- and zooplankton in the extraction of chemical elements from water     

M. J. Chebotina  E. V. Polyakov  V. P. Guseva  N. A. Khlebnikov  V. T. Surikov 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2011,439(2):1138-1140

This paper provides for the first time comparative assessment of the contents of 70 chemical elements occurring in the aquatic environment in water, phytoplankton, and zooplankton. The assessment was made using modern highly sensitive methods. The studies were performed at Beloyarskoe Reservoir, a manmade freshwater lake situated in the Middle Urals that has been studied in detail. The chemical elements were ranked in groups differing in the accumulation coefficient (AC) values for the phyto- and zooplankton. The comparison revealed that for the vast majority of chemical elements, the AC values were higher in zooplankton (53, or 76%) than in phytoplankton (17, or 24%). The average AC values for zooplankton (∼740 000) exceeded that for phytoplankton (∼68 000) by more than 10 times. It was found that some elements had very high AC values in zooplankton compared to phytoplankton. For instance for Nb, the ratio AC_zoo/AC_phyto was 1 200 000; for B, Ta, Sn, Lu, U, 300 000–500 000; for Sb and Y, 100 000–130 000; for La and Nd, 80 000–85 000; for Mo, Cd, Pr, Gd, Dy, Sc, Se, Bi, 20 000–30 000; and for Pd, Hf, Sm, Sb, Er, As, 10 000–20 000. It is concluded that zooplankton is sometimes more suitable for the biogeochemical indication of the pollution of natural water bodies, because the AC values for most elements are much higher in zooplankton than in phytoplankton and the total plankton. Considering the high assimilability of microelements and radionuclides, the plankton may serve not only as an indication but also as the mean of regulated purification of waterbodies from these elements.  相似文献   

Gabbro-granite intrusive series and their indicator importance for geodynamic reconstructions     

A. G. Vladimirov  A. E. Izokh  G. V. Polyakov  G. A. Babin  A. S. Mekhonoshin  N. N. Kruk  V. V. Khlestov  S. V. Khromykh  A. V. Travin  D. S. Yudin  R. A. Shelepaev  I. V. Karmysheva  E. I. Mikheev 《Petrology》2013,21(2):158-180

One of the problems faced by researchers when paleogeodynamic reconstructions are carried out for deeply eroded orogenic terranes is the limited usage of geological and isotopic geochemical data on volcanic associations. The utilization of information on gabbroids and granitoids considered separately also fails to resolve this problem. The convergence of features of arc, collisional, and within-plate magmatic processes leads the researcher to search for indicator plutonic associations, such as paired gabbrogranite intrusive series. The latter were distinguished using geoinformation databases (including those compiled by the authors of this paper), which were composed for the Early Caledonides in the Altai-Sayan folded area and adjacent territories. This makes it possible to characterize mantle-crustal magmatism in suprasubductional and collisional environments and the conditions under which these geodynamic regimes (plate- and plume-tectonic factors) interact. This paper presents estimates of the composition of the parental basic magmas, distinctive features of their differentiation, and the compositional specifics of the accompanying extensive granite-forming processes. The example of the Altai-Sayan folded area and adjacent territories is employed to correlate the composition of the basic-ultrabasic and granitoid magmas and, on this basis, distinguish (a) differentiated gabbro-tonalite-plagiogranite intrusive series corresponding to accretionary-collisional geodynamic environments, and (b) gabbro-monzonite-granosyenite-potassic granite intrusive series, which were produced when the accretionary-collisional system was affected by a plume.  相似文献   

Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Amur Bay Sediments (the Sea of Japan) under the Effect of Biochemical Factors     

Polyakov  D. M.  Mar’yash  A. A.  Mozherovskii  A. V. 《Water Resources》2019,46(2):209-213

Water Resources - The average concentrations of elements Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, V, Co, Cd, Ni, As, and Mo in the subcolloidal fraction of bottom sediments were determined in the northern and...  相似文献   

Geochronology of Alkaline Rocks of the Aryskan Rare Metal Deposit,East Sayan     

Nikiforov  A. V.  Ivanova  A. A.  Yarmolyuk  V. V.  Salnikova  E. B.  Kotov  A. B.  Kozlovsky  A. M.  Khertek  A. K.  Plotkina  Yu. V.  Kudryashova  E. A.  Galankina  O. L.  Polyakov  N. A. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2023,507(3):S382-S389

Doklady Earth Sciences - The temporal relations between alkaline rocks of the Aryskan rare metal (Y, REEs, Nb, Ta) deposit are determined using metamict zircon with high U and Th contents, which...  相似文献   

Calculation of equilibria in CO<Subscript>2</Subscript>–water–salt systems using the Frezchem model     

M. V. Mironenko  V. B. Polyakov  G. M. Marion 《Geochemistry International》2016,54(9):824-828

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Spatial–Temporal CO2 Variations near St. Petersburg Based on Satellite and Ground-Based Measurements     

Timofeyev  Yu. M.  Berezin  I. A.  Virolainen  Ya. A.  Makarova  M. V.  Polyakov  A. V.  Poberovsky  A. V.  Filippov  N. N.  Foka  S. Ch. 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2019,55(1):59-64

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The results of studying spatial–temporal CO2 variations near St. Petersburg in 2014–2017 based on satellite measurements (OCO-2 satellite)...  相似文献   

Integral microphysical parameters of stratospheric background aerosol for 2002–2005 (the SAGE III satellite experiment)     

A. M. Chayka  Yu. M. Timofeyev  A. V. Polyakov 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2008,44(2):193-206

The surface area and volume densities (S and V) of the particles of stratospheric background aerosol in the 15–20 km and 20–25 km layers for 2002–2005 were obtained from measurements of the aerosol extinction coefficient with the SAGE III instrument by using the linear-regression method of solving the inverse problem. The measurements were taken within the latitudinal belts 43°–80°N and 34°–58°S. The spatial and temporal dependences of S and V demonstrate homogeneous distribution fields in summer, whereas noticeable inhomogeneities are observed in winter and early spring. In all years of the measurements, an increase in the integral characteristics of stratospheric background aerosol was observed during the fall-to-winter transition period. Longitudinal variations in S and V can be both slight and significant (50–70%). Analysis of the interannual variability of the mean areas and volumes of aerosol particles shows that their minima (as a rule) were observed in 2002 and their maxima were observed in 2005. In most of the cases, no monotonic annual variations in the aerosol characteristics are noted. The dependence of the aerosol parameters on the phase of the quasi-biennial oscillations of zonal wind in the stratosphere is observed. The data obtained for 2002–2005 are, on the whole, in good agreement with the climatological data obtained for 1996–1999.  相似文献