Effects of tributyltin （TBT） on enzyme activity and oxidative stress in hepatopancreas and hemolymph of small abalone, Haliotis diversicolor supertexta     

贾锡伟  张子平  王淑红  林鹏  邹志华  黄邦钦  王艺磊 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(4):816-824

We investigated the effect of tributyltin (TBT) exposure on the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity levels of the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP and AKP) enzymes in the small abalone, Haliotis diversicolor supertexta. We collected samples of the hepatopancreas and hemolymph 2, 6, 24, 48, 96, and 192 h after exposure to 0.35 μg (Sn)/L TBT. In the hepatopancreas, ACP activity was significantly higher in animals exposed to TBT 2, 24, and 96 h post-exposure compared with the control animals. AKP activity was also higher after 2 h, but SOD and CAT activity was unchanged. The concentration of MDA in the hemolymph was significantly higher than the control animals 2 and 6 h post-exposure. In the hemolymph of animals exposed to TBT, ACP activity was significantly lower than in the control animals 192 h post-exposure, whereas AKP activity was significantly lower 2 and 192 h post-exposure. Hemolymph SOD activity and levels of MDA were significantly lower than in the control animals 24 h after exposure but significantly higher after 96 h. Our results demonstrate that exposure to TBT cause rapid changes in ACP and AKP activity as well as altering the concentration of MDA in the hepatopancreas and hemolymph. SOD and CAT do not appear to be involved in the detoxification of TBT in the hepatopancreas of small abalone.  相似文献   

Dietary guaiacol improves the growth of juvenile abalone, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Haliotis discus hannai</Emphasis> Ino     

张文兵  麦康森  徐玮  刘付志国  谭北平 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(4):697-702

We conducted a preliminarily study on the effects of dietary guaiacol on growth performance of abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Seven semi-purified diets were formulated with graded levels of guaiacol (0, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1 000 mg kg⁻¹). Abalone (initial weight: 0.29 ± 0.01 g; initial shell length: 8.55 ± 0.27 mm) were fed with these diets in a re-circulated water system for 152 days. Guaiacol significantly improved the specific growth rate (SGR) (P<0.05); excessive dietary guaiacol (1 000 mg kg⁻¹) led to significantly high mortality (P<0.05), and lipid content in the soft body increased significantly after dietary guaiacol (P<0.05). Activities of catalase and phenoloxidase (PO) in the viscera were significantly stimulated by dietary guaiacol (P<0.05). Broken-line analysis based on SGR indicated that the minimum dietary guaiacol for the optimal growth of juvenile abalone is 15.43 mg kg⁻¹.  相似文献   

Toxic effects of several phthalate esters on the embryos and larvae of abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta     

杨志会  张祥景  蔡中华 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(2):395-399

As the most widely used plasticizers in the world, phthalate esters (PAEs) are potential endocrine disruption compounds (EDCs). In the present study, the toxicity of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on embryogenesis and larvae development of the marine univalve Haliotis diversicolor supertexta was examined in laboratory. The results show that the malformation of embryos appeared during the experiment, such as embryos died or lysed, small transparent flocculent rings studded on the periphery of the embryo, and the larvae could failed to hatch. In embryo toxic test, embryos incubated at the highest concentration of DMP, DEP and DBP solutions showed significantly high abnormal rate compared with the control, while DEHP solutions displayed no significant difference. In larval toxic test, in all concentrations of DMP, DEP and DBP solutions, larval settlement rates were low significantly than that of the control. Similarly, DEHP solutions show nearly no effect on the larval settlement. The order of toxicity on embryos and larvae is DBP>DEP>DMP>DEHP. Being a simple and easy stimulation to indoor spawn, sensitive to environmental factors, and short culture time, the embryos of H. diversicolor supertexta can be used to indicate toxicity of the PAEs. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40476057)  相似文献   

利用流式细胞仪技术研究杂色鲍血细胞的吞噬率     

李进寿  陈军  唐艳霞  柯才焕 《台湾海峡》2010,29(4):460-465,593,593

利用流式细胞仪（FCM）技术检测了杂色鲍血细胞在体内和体外对不同含量荧光微球悬液的吞噬率.其结果表明体内注射法测定吞噬率的方法不可行.在体外吞噬中,当荧光微球含量为血细胞含量的68.2倍时吞噬率达98.43%±1.27%,随着荧光微球含量的降低血细胞吞噬率也随着降低.当荧光微球含量为血细胞含量的6.82倍时吞噬率为63.45%±6.05%,以这一含量进行血细胞吞噬率的测定比较恰当.利用这一含量测定了正常鲍与经过低盐（S=18）海水胁迫24 h后鲍的血细胞吞噬率的变化,正常鲍的吞噬率为68.71%±10.05%,经低盐海水胁迫后鲍的吞噬率为49.49%±10.18%,吞噬率出现了显著的下降（p〈0.05）.实验结果表明利用流式细胞仪技术相比传统的显微镜镜检记数法检测杂色鲍血细胞吞噬率更为方便可靠.  相似文献   

几种海藻投喂皱纹盘鲍幼鲍效果的因子分析     

张琼 《广东海洋大学学报》1994,(2)

用多元统计学中的因子分析法，分析２０种海藻喂养皱纹盘鲍（ＨａｌｉｏｔｉｓｄｉｓｃｕｓｈａｎｎａＩｎｏ）幼鲍所得的生长数据，所得的因子载荷矩阵中的第１个因子的方差贡献率达６１．７１％，饵料干重、湿重与幼鲍体长、体重增长均呈正相关，干重与幼的生长的关系（０．９４１２）较之湿重（０．７６３３）更为密切；根据正交因子得分的高低，排列出幼的摄食几种海藻时的饵料效率高低的顺序为：裙带菜→爱森藻→刺松→孔石莼→育叶藻→蜈蚣藻→…；与试验和调查结果对照，幼鲍喜欢摄食的藻类，也是饵料效率较高的种类；灰分对幼鲍的生长无明显的促进作用；幼鲍的生长不需要多量的粗脂肪。  相似文献   

副溶血弧菌感染的九孔鲍血细胞均一化全长cDNA文库的构建   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王淑红  ZOU Zhi-hua  张子平  SHI Yong-chun  王艺磊 《台湾海峡》2008,27(3)

采用Trizol试剂提取副溶血弧菌感染的九孔鲍血细胞的总RNA,经Oligotex纯化得到mRNA.根据SMART技术原理合成双链cDNA.双链cDNA采用双链特异核酸酶进行cDNA的均一化,构建成九孔鲍血细胞的均一化全长cDNA文库.原始文库的库容为3.4×106 cfu/cm3,重组率为92.3%,扩增后文库的滴度为2.6×1011 cfu/cm3以上.从文库中随机挑取897个克隆,测序获得高质量ESTs814条,其中有23条Contigs; 762条Singlets,Unigenes共785条,冗余率只有3.56%.以上结果说明所构建的文库质量好,完全可以满足后续基因克隆和表达序列标签测序工作的需要.  相似文献   

一种消除九孔鲍苗细菌性病原的无公害绿色生物方法的研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

宋志萍  蔡俊鹏  王志  韩韫 《海洋科学》2006,30(1):44-48

从海洋环境中分离出4株蛭弧菌(Bdellovibriosp.),并对34株九孔鲍(Haliotisdiversicolor)苗细菌性病原进行了裂解试验。结果表明,Bh04-4、Bh04-41a、Bh04-A 和Bh04-1f等4株蛭弧菌分别可裂解11株、13株、22株和28株病原菌,裂解率为32.4%、38.2%、64.7%和87.5%;4株共同作用,则可裂解32株病原菌,裂解率高达94.1%。研究结果展示了应用蛭弧菌控制九孔鲍苗细菌性病原的可行性。  相似文献   

鲍苗种大量生产技术的研究     

陈全震  胡锡钢  高爱根  杨俊毅 《海洋学研究》2001,19(3):39-42

在传统鲍育苗的基础上 ,总结出一套适合我国南方沿海的鲍工厂化育苗的工艺流程 ;该项技术具有操作简便 ,应用后鲍苗产量高等优点  相似文献   

刺松藻(Codium fragile)喂养鲍试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

潘忠正  于银亭 《海洋科学》1992,(5)

本研究首次利用大型底栖绿藻刺松藻在夏、秋季高水温期进行了鲍的喂养试验。结果表明,刺松藻的饵料效果优于海带和裙带菜,是鲍的一种优质天然饵料。该发现在一定程度上解决了夏、秋季高水温期鲍缺优质饵料的困难,对加速鲍养殖业的发展有重要意义。  相似文献   

皱纹盘鲍及其饵料营养成分的研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

李太武  丁明进  刘金屏  聂立萍 《海洋科学》1995,19(1):52-57

分析了不同生长时期的皱纹盘鲍及其天然饵料──硅藻、海带、裙带菜、 石药及１７种人工配合饵料的蛋白质、氨基酸、无机元素粗脂肪等营养成分。明了 不同生长时期的鲍对蛋白质等营养成分的需求量不同，天然饵料和人工配合饵料 之间具有明显差异等。这对根据不同生长时期来选用合适的鲍饵料、人工配合饵料 以符合鲍的营养需求，以及鲍苗食性转化机制等提供了一定的科学依据。  相似文献