Impact of diagenesis on reservoir quality and heterogeneity of the Upper Triassic Chang 8 tight oil sandstones in the Zhenjing area,Ordos Basin,China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Reservoir quality and heterogeneity are critical risk factors in tight oil exploration. The integrated, analysis of the petrographic characteristics and the types and distribution of diagenetic alterations in the Chang 8 sandstones from the Zhenjing area using core, log, thin-section, SEM, petrophysical and stable isotopic data provides insight into the factors responsible for variations in porosity and permeability in tight sandstones. The results indicate that the Chang 8 sandstones mainly from subaqueous distributary channel facies are mostly moderately well to well sorted fine-grained feldspathic litharenites and lithic arkose. The sandstones have ultra-low permeabilities that are commonly less than 1 mD, a wide range of porosities from 0.3 to 18.1%, and two distinct porosity-permeability trends with a boundary of approximately 10% porosity. These petrophysical features are closely related to the types and distribution of the diagenetic alterations. Compaction is a regional porosity-reducing process that was responsible for a loss of more than half of the original porosity in nearly all of the samples. The wide range of porosity is attributed to variations in calcite cementation and chlorite coatings. The relatively high-porosity reservoirs formed due to preservation of the primary intergranular pores by chlorite coatings rather than burial dissolution; however, the chlorites also obstruct pore throats, which lead to the development of reservoirs with high porosity but low permeability. In contrast, calcite cementation is the dominant factor in the formation of low-porosity, ultra-low-permeability reservoirs by filling both the primary pores and the pore throats in the sandstones. The eogenetic calcites are commonly concentrated in tightly cemented concretions or layers adjacent to sandstone-mudstone contacts, while the mesogenetic calcites were deposited in all of the intervals and led to further heterogeneity. This study can be used as an analogue to understand the variations in the pathways of diagenetic evolution and their impacts on the reservoir quality and heterogeneity of sandstones and is useful for predicting the distribution of potential high-quality reservoirs in similar geological settings.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区上三叠统长8砂岩储层物性的主要控制因素     

刘春燕  王毅  胡宗全  鄢崎  许化政  尹伟  陈新军  王传刚  李松 《地质科学》2010,45(2):500-508

研究认为富县地区上三叠统长8期三角洲前缘水下分流河道砂岩储层物性主要受沉积微相、砂岩成分和粒度以及成岩作用的控制。特别指出沉积微相对储层的控制,实际上是沉积(微)相带对砂体类型和物性特征的控制,不同沉积微相的砂岩在储集性能上存在明显的差异。表现为三角洲前缘水下分流河道砂体的孔隙度及渗透率均高于其它沉积微相内砂体的孔隙度和渗透率,而分流间湾的沉积物粒度相对较细,杂基含量高,压实作用强,不利于后期溶蚀流体的流动,储层物性较差。强烈的机械压实、压溶作用、碳酸盐自生矿物的胶结作用使孔隙结构变差,进一步降低砂岩的储集性能;由淡水淋滤及有机物质产生的溶蚀作用,对储层改善具有重要意义。  相似文献   

松辽盆地营城组中基性火山岩成岩作用:矿物晶出序列、杏仁体充填和储层效应   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

刘万洙  黄玉龙  庞彦明  王璞珺 《岩石学报》2010,26(1):158-164

利用露头和钻井资料,通过显微镜观测、化学分析和电子探针分析,研究营城组中基性火山岩的矿物晶出系列和杏仁体充填及其储层效应。本区中基性火山岩包括玄武岩、安山岩、玄武安山岩、粗面玄武岩、玄武粗安岩和粗安岩。斑晶矿物的晶出顺序为:橄榄石最早并几乎全部蚀变为蛇纹石、伊丁石和磁铁矿,仅保留橄榄石假象;辉石被斜长石包含或与之交生,说明辉石晶出有的略早于斜长石、有的与之同时。基质呈间隐间粒结构,为比斑晶偏酸性/碱性的板条状微晶长石堆积搭成格架、内充填玻璃质及微晶粒状矿物(橄榄石、辉石和磁铁矿)。基质结晶晚于斑晶,晶出序列为微晶粒状矿物→微晶长石→玻璃质。有单成分和复成分两种杏仁体。单成分者主要见硅质和钙质,具结晶世代性,为后生流体沉淀充填形成,可作为储层变差或非储层的标志。复成分杏仁体是原生火山玻璃固态下水合与蚀变作用的结果:包括蛇纹石/绿泥石-火山玻璃、石英-方解石-皂石/方解石和石英-绿泥石-方解石等组合类型,通常可作为储层改善或有效性增加的标志。中基性火山玻璃蚀变分为四个阶段:新鲜火山玻璃(折光率1.57)→水合火山玻璃(折光率降至1.53)→橙玄玻璃(铁镁质微晶矿物集合体)→新生矿物(石英、方解石、蛇纹石、绿泥石、皂石);由火山玻璃变为新生矿物的体积减小或孔隙增加效应为7%～10%。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地寒武系—下奥陶统白云岩成因及识别特征   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

郑剑锋  沈安江  莫妮亚  刘永福 《海相油气地质》2010,15(1):6-14

对63口井岩心及薄片的观察以及大量阴极发光、碳氧同位素、包裹体及电子探针能谱的分析,认为塔里木盆地寒武系—下奥陶统白云岩主要有四种成因,分别对应有四种白云岩类型,即萨布哈白云岩、渗透回流白云岩、埋藏白云岩和热液白云岩。前两者受沉积相控制,后两者受成岩相控制。萨布哈白云岩发育于同生—准同生期蒸发成岩环境的潮间—潮上坪,渗透回流白云岩发育于同生—准同生期蒸发成岩环境的澙湖中,埋藏白云岩发育于埋藏期的深、浅埋藏环境,热液白云岩发育于埋藏期的深埋藏环境。总结了四种不同成因的白云岩的岩石特征及地球化学特征。认识到叠合盆地古老海相地层的白云石化机理复杂,白云岩类型多样,白云岩结构特征不但与沉积相密切相关,更受埋藏期白云石化作用的叠加改造。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地南部马家沟组成岩作用特征     

郝雁  陈洪德  赵俊兴  朱平 《海相油气地质》2010,15(3)

通过对研究区16口钻井15条剖面数百片岩石薄片的详细鉴定,结合沉积史和区域地质特征,综合分析了主要目的层马家沟组的成岩作用类型及其特征。马家沟组储层的岩石类型主要为石灰岩和白云岩。石灰岩类型多样,主要有泥晶—微晶灰岩、微晶—亮晶颗粒灰岩及云斑灰岩等;白云岩以泥晶—微晶白云岩为主。主要的建设性成岩作用为白云石化作用和溶蚀作用;不利的成岩作用主要有重结晶、压实压溶、去白云石化、膏化等作用。在此基础上,进一步分析了鄂尔多斯盆地南部的成岩作用演化序列。  相似文献   

碳酸盐岩中方解石胶结物的阴极发光环带与微量元素构成的关系——以塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘丽红  黄思静  王春连  黄可可  佟宏鹏  钟倩倩 《海相油气地质》2010,15(1):55-60

对塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩中方解石胶结物的阴极发光性和微量元素构成研究发现,一些与大气水成岩环境有关的方解石胶结物显示出亮、暗相间阴极发光环带,微量元素含量与阴极发光环带之间具有良好的对应关系,亮带具有较高的Mn、Fe含量,暗带则具有较高的Sr、Na含量,显示方解石胶结过程中大气水作用强度的变化。这些碳酸盐矿物的阴极发光环带受元素构成变化控制,并反映成岩流体中元素含量的变化和/或结晶速率的变化,这在一定程度上与大气水环境相对开放的成岩条件有关。相对晚期的环带发光较亮,并具有较高的Mn和较低的Sr、Na含量,显示与加里东—海西期构造运动有关的古岩溶过程中大气水作用逐渐加强的总体成岩趋势。  相似文献   

On diagenesis,dolomitisation and mineralisation in the Irish Zn-Pb orefield     

Jamie?J.?WilkinsonEmail author 《Mineralium Deposita》2003,38(8):968-983

Marine calcite cementation and lithification of Carboniferous carbonate sediments hosting Zn-Pb mineralisation in the Irish orefield occurred at or near the seafloor. A relatively early, fine-grained, grey replacive dolomite, preferentially developed in micrite, is widely developed in the Waulsortian Limestone Formation, the main host to mineralisation, and is pervasive in the southeastern Midlands in proximity to the Leinster Massif. This dolomite formed after the first four main stages of calcite cementation but probably also developed within tens of metres of the seafloor as evidenced by incorporation of clasts of dolomite in intraformational sedimentary breccias. Later, coarse-grained white dolomite preferentially replaced coarser components of the Waulsortian Limestone and infilled residual vuggy porosity. Whilst some of this coarse dolomite may be related to the fine replacive dolomite event, a common spatial association with fault zones, coupled with primary fluid inclusion data, suggest that a significant proportion of this phase precipitated during the onset of fault-controlled subsidence and widespread hydrothermal circulation within the Irish Midlands area. Fluids up to ~250 °C and 10–15 wt% NaCl equivalent, sourced from a Lower Palaeozoic basement-equilibrated fluid reservoir, infiltrated the carbonate sequence via faults and fractures. The more localised development of dolomite-cemented breccias (white matrix breccias) that are frequently associated spatially with mineralisation was a consequence of the increased focusing of these hydrothermal fluids. Ore formation was broadly synchronous with development of the white dolomite breccias but only happened where mixing occurred between the hydrothermal ore-fluids and localised, near-surface reservoirs of low-temperature, H₂S-rich brine. In the Waulsortian, this process led to the precipitation of a distinctive black dolomite that forms a broad halo to massive sulphides. Although ore-stage sulphides postdate significant diagenesis of the host rocks, and often display "epigenetic" textures, the fact that much of the cementation occurred soon after carbonate deposition means that mineralisation does not have to have formed after significant burial. In fact, the occurrence of clasts of hydrothermal dolomite and sulphides in intraformational debris-flow breccias is only consistent with mineralising processes occurring in the near-seafloor environment, relatively soon after host-rock deposition. The regional development of a distinctive pink dolomite associated with faults and fractures was a post-ore event, and is considered to mark a regional brine migration linked to the onset of the Variscan orogeny. The development of this new tectonic and flow regime may have been responsible for the cessation of economic mineralisation in Ireland.Editorial handling: J. Menuge  相似文献   

Hydrochemistry of formation water with implication to diagenetic reactions in Sanzhao depression and Qijia-gulong depression of Songliao Basin, China     

Jianmei Cheng  Jennifer C. McIntosh  Xinong Xie  Jiu Jimmy Jiao 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2006,88(1-3):86

The Sanzhao depression and Qijia-gulong depression are two of the most important hydrocarbon-bearing sub-depressions in the Songliao basin, dominated by Cretaceous fluvial and lacustrine strata with volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks. In this paper, the pressure distributions and hydrochemistry variations in those two depressions are investigated. It is found that the Qijia-gulong depression is dominated by overpressure, but the Sanzhao depression is dominated by underpressure, especially in the Quantou formation. The salinity of formation water ranges from 1.0 g/L to 20 g/L, with a mean of 4 g/L in most formations. Water composition is dominated by NaHCO₃ water type but varies greatly in salinity and ionic ratios in the different depressions. The results of mass balance calculation reveal that, fluid chemistry in the Qijia-gulong depression is dominated by dissolution of silicate minerals and halite, whereas in the Sanzhao depression it is dominated by silicate mineral dissolution, evaporite dissolution (halite and gypsum), carbonate mineral dissolution/precipitation, and cation exchange.  相似文献   

Fluid flow evolution in petroleum reservoirs with a complex diagenetic history: An example from Veracruz, Mexico   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

H. Ferket  R. Swennen  S. Ortuo Arzate  F. Roure 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2006,89(1-3):108

This paper discusses the fluid flow evolution in the Veracruz petroleum province of eastern Mexico based on results of an integrated diagenetic, sedimentological and structural analysis. The area progressively changed from passive foreland towards an active fold-and-thrust belt into a passive belt with infill of the foreland basin and finally underwent transpressional deformation. This varied kinematic evolution resulted in numerous fluid flow events, among which were four different petroleum migration pulses.  相似文献   

雅鲁藏布江缝合带及藏南地区硅质岩微组构特征及其地质意义   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

周永章  付伟  杨志军  聂凤军何俊国  赵元艺李振清胡朋石贵勇李文 《岩石学报》2006,22(3):742-750

在雅鲁藏布江缝合带及藏南地区产出红、绿、黑、褐等多色调的中生代硅质岩.石英是它们的主要矿物,但不同样品的石英晶体微形貌各有特征,X衍射和红外吸收光谱特征表现出细微差别.夏鲁和彭错林分别作为生物成因和热水成因硅质岩的代表,它们在矿物演化路径、石英晶体微形貌和集合体微结构存在差异,为利用微组构区分不同成因硅质岩提供了参考依据.在夏鲁硅质岩中生物化石残骸内存在方英石和玉髓,为反演生物成因硅质岩的矿物演变序列提供了很好的证据.硅质岩成岩过程中微组构演变和元素迁移具有良好的对应关系.石英在重结晶过程中对杂质元素的剔除作用是促使某些微量元素产生富集的重要机制.从微组构角度切入硅质岩研究是一种新的研究思路,它综合运用微区微束手段对硅质岩的微观组构特征进行测试,进而探讨微观组构信息所指示的地质意义.结果对探讨硅质岩的成因、演化和藏南地区硅质岩容矿型Au-Sb-Cs矿床的成矿机理具有重要的指导作用.  相似文献