大河三角洲河口海岸演化机理模型研究:(II)模型构建与实证     

王凯  李国胜  方国洪  李柏良 《地理研究》2003,22(2):140-150

本文以z坐标下的三维斜压海洋动力学数值模式为基本模式原型,在整理渤海基本数据并诊断计算风生环流和热盐环流作为背景环流场基础上,初步建立了渤海海域动力环境数值模式。模式采用了经校正的Bagnold型方程来计算渤海底移质沉积物输运,悬移质计算则是取二维深度平均悬移质输运方程和河床变形方程,计算含沙量分布以及由悬移物引起的冲淤厚度。利用这种方法建立的沉积物输运模式,定量模拟了渤海沿岸和海底的沉积物输运方向和冲淤分布。模拟结果与通过多年实测水深估算获得的渤海海底沉积物的冲淤变化分布相比较,两者之间在基本结论上是比较一致的  相似文献   

河口海岸GIS时空过程可视化表达     

张敏  周云轩  田波  沈芳  葛建忠 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,45(2):584-591

河口海岸带中一些随时间变化的三维海洋现象(如涡漩、锋面、水团等)的时空建模与可视化表达是海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)发展的一大难题。基于流体建模与可视化AVIZO Green技术,针对海洋连续场中的三维海洋现象,提出了基于特征的时空三域动态识别技术,设计并实现了面向主题应用的时空四维GIS可视化框架,能够有效表达三维海洋现象。以长江口海岸带涡漩、冲淡水、羽状锋和盐跃层为例进行三维动态可视模拟,直观再现了object-like型和field-like型海洋现象的时空演绎过程,为海洋现象仿真研究,尤其是多维、动态、边界模糊的复杂海洋现象的有效表达提供了一种新思路和方法。  相似文献   

The influence of neap–spring tidal variation and wave energy on sediment flux in salt marsh tidal creeks          下载免费PDF全文

Jessica R. Lacy  Matthew C. Ferner  John C. Callaway 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2018,43(11):2384-2396

Sediment flux in marsh tidal creeks is commonly used to gauge sediment supply to marshes. We conducted a field investigation of temporal variability in sediment flux in tidal creeks in the accreting tidal marsh at China Camp State Park adjacent to northern San Francisco Bay. Suspended‐sediment concentration (SSC), velocity and depth were measured near the mouths of two tidal creeks during three 6‐ to 10‐week deployments: two in winter and one in summer. Currents, wave properties and SSC were measured in the adjacent shallows. All deployments spanned the largest spring tides of the season. Results show that tidally averaged suspended‐sediment flux (SSF) in the tidal creeks varied from slightly landward to strongly bayward with increasing tidal energy. SSF was negative (bayward) for tidal cycles with maximum water surface elevation above the marsh plain. Export during the largest spring tides dominated the cumulative SSF for each deployment. During ebb tides following the highest tides, velocities exceeded 1 m s^?1 in the narrow tidal creeks, resulting in negative tidally averaged water flux, and mobilizing sediment from the creek banks or bed. Storm surge also produced negative SSF. Tidally averaged SSF was positive in wavy conditions with moderate tides. Spring tide sediment export at the creek mouth was about twice that at a station 130 m further up the tidal creek. The negative tidally averaged water flux near the creek mouth during spring tides indicates that in the lower marsh some of the water flooding directly across the bay–marsh interface drains through the tidal creeks, and suggests that this interface may be a pathway for sediment supply to the lower marsh as well. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

SHRINKAGE OF THE ESTUARINE CHANNELS OF THE HAIHE DRAINAGE SYSTEM AND ITS INFLUENCES ON FLOOD HAZARD   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

HU Shixiong  WANG Zhaoyin  DING Pingxing 《国际泥沙研究》1999,(2)

1INTRODUCTIONTheHaiheRiverBasinislocatedinNorthChinawithareaof262.6km2.Itisaquicklydevelopedareawithmanyimportantcitiesandindustrialhubs,includingBeding,Tianjin,Tangshan,Cangzhou,DezhouandHuanghua.Theareawatchedfastprogressesinurbanizationinthepastdecades,andhumanactivitieshaveresultedingreatinfluencesontheenvironment,riverhydrologyandsedimentbudget.Theareaisprojectedtobemoreprosperouswithmoreoilandgasfields,chemicalindustrybases,anddenserrailwaysandexpresshighwaysinthenextcent'Ury.T…  相似文献   

Emulation of a process-based estuarine hydrodynamic model     

Limin Chen  Paul H. Hutton 《水文科学杂志》2018,63(5):783-802

Emulation modelling can be an effective alternative to traditional mechanistic approaches for complex environmental systems and, if carefully conceived, can offer significantly reduced run times and user expertise requirements. We present a case study of dynamic emulation for the domain of estuarine water quality modelling, by reporting the development and evaluation of a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model emulator. The proposed “neuroemulator” retains the dynamic nature of the process-based model utilizing a set of artificial neural networks. The underlying hydrodynamic model is routinely used for analysis and management of the northern reach of the San Francisco Bay-Delta estuary, a large complex region of strategic importance for water supply and ecosystem services on the Pacific coast of California, USA. The reduced computational expense of the emulator affords opportunities for direct use, as well as embedded use within other modelling frameworks such as those developed for reservoir operations and socio-hydrology.  相似文献   

长江口大型工程对河口生境破碎化影响的初步研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

叶属峰吕吉斌  丁德文黄秀清 《海洋工程》2004,22(3):41-47

通过对工程海域26个站位的调查采样,研究分析了长江口深水航道治理一期工程对河口生境破碎化的影响。结果表明,工程已对长江河口区局部海域水体和底栖生境破碎化产生了明显影响,而对工程海域小尺度海洋水团、底栖生境和渔业资源生境的破碎化影响最大,造成局部小尺度海洋水团改变,部分渔业资源种类洄游通道、产卵场、肥育场、渔场生境破碎化。建议建立长江口生态特别保护区,加强对河口大型工程综合影响研究与生态修复,加强河口生态系统管理与执法力度,为长江口沿岸城市社会经济的可持续健康发展提供良好的海洋生态环境基础。  相似文献   

Sources and implications of particulate organic matter from a small tropical river——Zuari River,India     

Fernandes Dearlyn  Wu Ying  Shirodkar Prabhaker Vasant  Pradhan Umesh Kumar  Zhang Jing 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(4):18-32

Transitional ecosystems,estuaries and the coastal seas,are distinctively affected by natural and anthropogenic factors.Organic matter(OM)originating from terrestrial sources is exported by rivers and forms a key component of the global biogeochemical cycles.Most previous studies focused on the bulk biochemical and anthropogenic aspects affecting these ecosystems.In the present study,we examined the sources and fate of OM entrained within suspended particulate matter(SPM)of the Zuari River and its estuary,west coast of India.Besides using amino acid(AA)enantiomers(L-and D-forms)as biomarkers,other bulk biochemical parameters viz.particulate organic carbon(POC),δ13C,particulate nitrogen(PN),δ15N and chlorophyll a were analyzed.Surprisingly no significant temporal variations were observed in the parameters analyzed;nonetheless,salinity,POC,δ13C,PN,δ15N,glutamic acid,serine,alanine,tyrosine,leucine and D-aspartic acid exhibited significant spatial variability suggesting source differentiation.The POC content displayed weak temporal variability with low values observed during the post-monsoon season attributed to inputs from mixed sources.Estuarine samples were less depleted than the riverine samples suggesting contributions from marine plankton in addition to contributions from river plankton and terrestrial C3 plants detritus.Labile OM was observed during the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons in the estuarine region.More degraded OM was noticed during the pre-monsoon season.Principal component analysis was used to ascertain the sources and factors influencing OM.Principally five factors were extracted explaining 84.52%of the total variance.The first component accounted for 27.10%of the variance suggesting the dominance of tidal influence whereas,the second component accounted for heterotrophic bacteria and their remnants associated with the particulate matter,contributing primarily to the AA pool.Based on this study we ascertained the role of the estuarine turbidity maximum(ETM)controlling the sources of POM and its implications to small tropical rivers.Thus,changes in temporal and regional settings are more likely to affect the natural biogeochemical cycles of small tropical rivers.  相似文献   

基于时序InSAR的珠江口大面积地面沉降监测          下载免费PDF全文

高辉  罗孝文  吴自银  阳凡林 《海洋学研究》2020,38(2):81-87

珠江口是我国沿海地面沉降灾害较严重地区之一,长期地面沉降威胁着人类生产生活的质量和安全。针对传统InSAR在河口等沿海地区空间采样率不足的现状,采用基于KS检验和特征分解的DS-InSAR时序分析方法,获得了珠江口地区2015—2018年间地面沉降监测数据,并分析了几处沉降严重地区的沉降特征和原因。采用的DS-InSAR方法在沥青路面、裸土等非城市区域提取了较大密度的高相干点,提高了时序InSAR形变反演的精度。研究表明,研究区域总体呈地面沉降趋势且分布不均匀,珠江三角洲西北部和东南部为主要沉降区,最大沉降速率可达25 mm/a,珠江口西岸沉降相对东岸分布更广,沉降量更大。  相似文献   

辽宁双台子河口湿地生态水文模拟与调控     

罗先香  张蕊  严登华 《地理研究》2011,30(6):1089-1100

在全球气候变化和人类活动影响下,辽宁省双台子河口湿地出现生态用水不足,水环境恶化,土壤盐渍化和海水倒灌等问题,导致湿地明显退化.为解决湿地生态用水供需矛盾,从流域生态水文学角度出发,运用所构建的生态水文耦合模型,对1981～2005年双台予河口湿地集水区生态水文演变规律进行模拟,结果表明:25年间湿地集水区各生态水文要...  相似文献   

Fish assemblages of small estuaries of the Portuguese coast: A functional approach   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Inês Cardoso  Susana França  Miguel Pessanha Pais  Sofia Henriques  Luis Cancela da Fonseca  Henrique N. Cabral 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

The importance of estuaries for coastal environments is widely acknowledged but their role, structure and ecological status have been the focus of recent scientific efforts mainly concerning large estuarine areas. In this work we used fish assemblages to establish, for the first time, the functional and ecological role of five small estuarine systems along the Portuguese south and southwest coasts. Our results showed that, at a functional approach, fish communities did not differ between estuaries, and that all systems presented a seasonal pattern in diversity values, ecological and feeding guilds. These small estuaries contribute to the support of coastal fish populations by providing temporary habitats to the critical life stages of marine species, shelter and feeding grounds, and should be considered in an ecological and conservation perspective.  相似文献