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31.
John D. Booth 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):231-265
Twelve common bivalve larvae occurring in the plankton from the Bay of Islands (35°15'S, 174°10'E), Wellington Harbour (41°16'S, 174°51'E), and off Raumati Beach (40°56'S, 174°58'E), New Zealand, during 1970–72 are described and, wherever possible, provisionally identified. The seasonal occurrences of these larvae in the plankton are also described. Information on the spawning cycles of some New Zealand adult bivalves is reviewed; although some species have a short (4 months or less) spawning season, for most it is much longer, possibly with ‘trickle’ spawning through several months of the year. 相似文献
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Understanding phosphorus dynamics in marine environment is of great importance, and appropriate tracers for phosphorus cycling in oceans are invaluable. In this study, two methods were developed for extraction, purification, and determination of naturally occurring 32P and 33P in rainwater, marine plankton and sediments using both a low-level beta counter (LBC) and an ultra-low-level liquid scintillation spectrometer (LSS). Blanks, chemical yields and counting efficiencies were quantified for both methods. The chemical purification of 32P and 33P separated by both procedures was validated by their decay curves. The absorber thickness of aluminum for LBC was assessed as 39.2 mg/cm 2 . 32P and 33P specific activities in some rain samples were determined by both methods and showed good consistent results. The advantage of the LSS over the LBC is apparent in its high counting efficiency and in determining samples with high concentration of stable phosphorus. However, when measuring environmental samples with low concentration of stable phosphorus, such as rainwater, both methods can be used and each has its distinct advantage. 相似文献
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东太湖不同水域浮游生物周年变化及鲢、鳙食性的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2012 年2~11 月对东太湖不同水域浮游生物组成、数量、水质情况及水生植物密度进行了调查, 并对9 月份太湖鲢、鳙的食性进行了研究。结果表明: 浮游动物和浮游植物多样性指数均为保护区>余山>老鼠山>漫山岛。水体浮游生物数量和综合营养状态指数均为漫山岛>老鼠山>余山>保护区。浮游植物总数量与蓝藻总数量、浮游动物总数量、富营养化因子呈正相关, 与水生植物密度呈负相关。9 月份太湖鲢、鳙的肠内含物中浮游植物和浮游动物分别占食物数量的89.1%、70.6%和10.9%、29.4%,其中蓝藻分别占74.5%、56%, 枝角类和轮虫分别占3.7%、13.4%和1.5%、11.5%; 鲢、鳙对蓝藻的选择性指数分别为1.42 和1.07, 对轮虫和原生动物的选择性指数分别为0.13、1.27 和1.30、0.40。本研究结果对揭示影响太湖浮游生物周年变化的环境因素以及通过鲢、鳙控制蓝藻具有一定的理论价值和指导意义。 相似文献
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Plankton respiration is an important part of the carbon cycle and significantly affects the balance of autotrophic assimilation and heterotrophic production in oceanic ecosystems. In the present study, respiration rates of the euphotic zone plankton community(CR_(eu)), size fractionated chlorophyll a concentration(Chl a), bacterial abundance(BAC), and dissolved oxygen concentration(DO) were investigated during winter and summer in the northern South China Sea(n SCS). The results show that there were obvious spatial and temporal variations in CR_(eu) in the n SCS(ranging from 0.03 to 1.10 μmol/(L·h)), CR_(eu) in winter((0.53±0.27) μmol/(L·h)) was two times higher than that in summer((0.26±0.20) μmol/(L·h)), and decreased gradually from the coastal zone to the open sea. The distribution of CR_(eu) was affected by coupled physical-chemical-biological processes, driven by monsoon events. The results also show that CR_(eu) was positively correlated with Chl a, BAC, and DO, and that BAC contributed the highest CR_(eu) variability. Furthermore, the results of the stepwise multiple linear regression suggest that bacteria and phytoplankton were the dominant factors in determining CR_(eu)(R~2 = 0.82, p0.05) in the n SCS. Based on this relationship, we estimated the integrated water column respiration rate(CRint) within 100 m of the investigated area, and found that the relationship between the biomass of the plankton community and respiration may be nonlinear in the water column. 相似文献
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浮游植物拖网是海洋浮游植物调查的重要工具,不同网具可以导致不同的调查结果。为研究两种孔径网具对大洋浮游植物调查的影响,于2015年4~5月在西南印度洋分别用筛绢孔径为20和77 μm的两种浮游生物网在多个站位进行浮游植物采样。对采集的样品进行浮游植物鉴定,分析比较了两者浮游植物的物种数、细胞丰度、物种丰富度、多样性指数、均匀度指数和优势种。结果表明,在相同采样站位,筛绢孔径为20 μm网采样品鉴定得到的平均物种数、平均细胞丰度和平均物种丰富度分别是筛绢孔径为77 μm网采样品的2.7、17和2倍,呈显著差异。但两种网采样品的平均多样性指数和平均均匀度指数都无显著差异。此外,筛绢孔径为20 μm网采样品中有9种优势种,而筛绢孔径为77 μm网采样品中有11种优势种,其中共同的优势种有6种。以上结果说明在寡营养海域使用20 μm孔径的网具可以获得更为全面的浮游植物信息。 相似文献
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根据现场调查和室内试验工作, 计算珠江口水域浮游植物有效光合作用水体体积, 同时研究浮游动物摄食行为对磷再生的补偿作用, 进而对该水域磷的生物利用状况进行初步评估。分析珠江口2002—2003年的数据发现, 珠江口水域浮游植物有效进行光合作用水体的体积存在季节性变化, 枯水期约为9.7×104m3, 而丰水期约为6.6×104m3。该水域总初级生产量在枯水期约为36kg.d-1, 在丰水期约为31kg.d-1, 呈现枯水期大于丰水期的特点。浮游动物的摄食作用可促进水体中磷的再生, 这部分磷可满足浮游植物生长对磷需求的1.5%—15.6%, 并呈现丰水期大于枯水期的特点。浮游动物摄食作用直接释放的量远大于其自身生理周转释放的量。 相似文献