Methylmercury and human biomarkers： Questioning the evidence     

《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):239-239

Methylmercury （MeHg） is a powerful neurotoxicant in humans. In terms of biomarkers of MeHg exposure, hair and blood have long been used in epidemiological studies as the biomarkers of choice. In fact, total hair mercury （Hg） content as well as organic blood Hg concentrations reflects exposure to organic Hg from food consumption. Extensive studies, establishing a constant and linear relation between MeHg intake versus Hg levels in hair and blood, were conducted by governmental officials to establish guidelines on safe levels of MeHg exposure, which were translated into threshold daily fish consumption rates （usually expressed as μg MeHg per kg bodyweight）. Nowadays, in most epidemiologic studies blood or hair mercury （Hg） level is commonly used as a valid proxy to estimate human exposure to methylmercury （MeHg） through fish consumption without relating this signal to actual fish consumption patterns among populations. Human variability in mercury toxicokinetics was identified and measurement error has been pointed out to be a substantial contributor to observed variability, particularly where dietary information is retrospective and self-reported. However, experimental evidence indicates that significant variability among individuals may exist in the biokinetics of mercury. Also recent findings from previous population-based studies through COMERN initiative also revealed that MeHg metabolic processes might greatly vary across populations. In fact, it is unlikely that the magnitude of the difference measured between observed and expected levels of mercury, given the reported intake, can be entirely explained by laboratory measurement errors or reporting bias.  相似文献   

Hydrogeochemical processes of thallium in a rural area of Southwest Guizhou, China     

何立斌  肖唐付  李航  孙伟 《中国地球化学学报》2007,26(1):52-57

The water system in a rural area of Lanmuchang in Southwest Guizhou is facing a risk of thallium (Tl) contamination due to Tl mineralization around the area. The major trace elements and Tl in the water system are studied to understand the hydrogeochemical processes of Tl constrained by Tl mineralization. The results showed that the dispersion pattern of Tl follows a descending order in concentration from mine groundwater (deep groundwater) →stream water→shallow groundwater→background water, reflecting the impact of Tl mineralization on the hydrogeochemical composition. Tl concentrations in stream water in both regimes are remarkably higher (2-30 fold) downstream than up- and mid-streams, probably caused by the unidentified discharge of deep groundwater. Low Tl levels are detected in the current drinking water, however, the highly elevated Tl in stream water and ground water may pose a potential environmental risk through daily washing and agricultural irrigation. This study suggests that human activities, such as agricultural irrigation, could intensify the environmental risk of Tl.  相似文献   

500 kV以下高压送变电工程电磁辐射环境影响评价研究     

陈志权  程胜高 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2007,26(Z1)

目前,全国日益密集的输电网络所带来的电磁污染问题引起了人们的广泛关注,也引发了一系列的纠纷事件.  相似文献   

矿山地质环境影响评估及方法研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张洪波  肖桂珍 《西北地质》2003,36(C00):130-133

本文主要叙述了环境影响评估的目的任务、评估思路、工作方法以及矿山环境生态恢复治理等。使矿山地质环境影响工作与矿山地质环境保护行政监督管理工作相结合，也使矿山地质环境影响评估变为矿山企业保护环境、防治地质灾害、实施生态恢复与治理，建设“绿色矿山”的自觉行动，促进矿山地质环境保护工作走向科学化、规范化和制度化。  相似文献   

SPATIAL VARIATION OF Zn GEOCHEMICAL FRACTIONS IN THE SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF THE STRAITS OF MALACCA: NATURAL OR ANTHROPOGENIC?     

CheeKongYap AhmadIsmail SoonGuanTan 《湿地科学》2005,3(2):94-103

1INTRODUCTION Studiesonheavymetalcontaminationinsedi mentshavealwaysbeenfocusedonthecoastalandin tertidalareas(Sivalingam,etal.,1980;Ismail,1993;Ismail,etal.,1993;IsmailandRosniza,1997;Yap,etal.,2002a,2002b).Theheavymet alconcentrationsfoundinthesediments…  相似文献   

镉的地球化学研究现状及展望   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

叶霖潘自平  李朝阳刘铁庚 夏斌 《岩石矿物学杂志》2005,24(4):339-348

镉是重金属有毒元素,其环境污染一直是众多学者研究的焦点。近年来研究发现,镉等分散元素并不“分散”,它在特定的条件下会富集,甚至形成独立矿床或矿体,因此有必要对镉等分散元素的地球化学行为进行重新认识和再研究。本文介绍了有关镉的分布和赋存状态的一些研究进展,总结了我国镉矿资源的分布及特点和地球化学研究现状,提出应加强镉的超常富集机制、铅锌矿床表生地球化学过程中镉的释放及其对环境的影响方面的研究。  相似文献   

保障饮水安全维护生命健康     

韩子夜 《水文地质工程地质》2005,32(4):i001-i001

我国是地方病流行较为严重的国家，地方病分布广泛，受害人口较多。由于自然环境影响。地方性砷中毒、地方性氟中毒、克山病、大骨节病以及地方性甲状腺肿等．在“老少边穷”地区及部分农村地区仍很严重。无疑，地方病严重影响了当地人民群众的生命健康和正常生活．并严重阻碍了建设小康社会的步伐。  相似文献   

参加第4届风送沙尘对气候影响试验会议总结     

魏文寿杨青  李新建李敏 《气象科技合作动态》2005,(4):13-19

1会议概况 2000年，中国科学院和日本科学技术厅签署了“风送沙尘的形成、输送机制及其对气候与环境影响的研究”项目的实施协议。作为中国沙尘四大源区之一的新疆成为了本项目的重点研究地区。研究的目的是通过多种手段全方位对沙尘暴的形成机制进行多学科的观测研究，为今后研究沙尘暴的形成、输送机制以及对环境和气候的影响积累窜啬的其础咨料．  相似文献   

北京某广场基坑降水工程优化设计与沉降防治          下载免费PDF全文

路学忠  王延利 《探矿工程》2004,31(2):9-12

结合北京某广场的基坑降水实例，优化了其降水设计与施工技术参数，同时分析了降水对周边环境的影响程度并提出防治措施，总结了设计与施工的实际经验和体会。  相似文献   

中国南水北调工程进展综述     

盛海洋 《地球科学进展》2004,(Z1)

论述南水北调工程的调水背景、工程规划、工程特征、环境影响与生态环境保护及其工程综合效益。  相似文献