纳米 Fe₂O₃-SnO₂ 光催化降解海水养殖废水中的氨氮          下载免费PDF全文

金晓杰  刘继晨  张涛  李洋  王萍  程仁策 《应用海洋学学报》2018,37(1):77-83

通过共沉淀法制备纳米Fe_2O_3-SnO_2光催化剂,采用XRD、SEM等测试手段对其进行形貌、物象、粒径一系列的表征,研究结果显示制得的催化剂仍保持纯SnO_2四方金红石型结构.研究了Fe_2O_3-SnO_2光催化剂投加量、Fe_2O_3与SnO_2物质的量比、煅烧温度、煅烧时间、氨氮初始浓度、p H值、H2O2浓度以及光照反应时间等因素对海水养殖废水中氨氮降解效率的影响.在紫外光照射下进行正交实验,确定最优化反应条件:催化剂投加量为0.4 g/dm3,煅烧时间为3 h,物质的量比为1∶2,氨氮初始含量为50 mg/dm3,光照反应时间为2 h.这5个因素对Fe_2O_3-SnO_2光催化氧化速率影响的大小程度依次为:Fe_2O_3与SnO_2物质的量比煅烧时间Fe_2O_3-SnO_2光催化剂投加量氨氮初始浓度光照时间.氨氮去除率可以达到85.1%,相同条件可见光下也可达到82.3%.  相似文献   

沉积物孔隙毛细管压力与甲烷水合物饱和度关系研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

孙始财  刘昌岭  业渝光  刘玉峰 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(10):30-36

To better understand the relationship between the pore capillary pressure and hydrate saturation in sediments, a new method was proposed. First, the phase equilibria of methane hydrate in fine-grained silica sands were measured. As to the equilibrium data, the pore capillary pressure and saturation of methane hydrate were calculated. The results showed that the phase equilibria of methane hydrates in fine-grained silica sands changed due to the depressed activity of pore water caused by the surface group and negatively charged characteristic of silica particles as well as the capillary pressure in small pores together. The capillary pressure increased with the increase of methane hydrate saturation due to the decrease of the available pore space. However, the capillary-saturation relationship could not yet be described quantitatively because of the stochastic habit of hydrate growth.  相似文献   

布拜图对PACMANUS热液区Si-Fe-Mn-羟基氧化物沉淀条件的指示     

YANG Baoju  ZENG Zhigang  WANG Xiaoyuan  YIN Xuebo  CHEN Shuai 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(12):58-66

Utilizing Si, Fe and Mn concentrations within the end-member PACMANUS hydrothermal fluid, Si-Fe-MnH_2 O Pourbaix diagrams were constructed at 300°C and 25°C. The Pourbaix diagrams show that the main Si, Fe and Mn oxides species precipitating from the hydrothermal fluid were Si O_2, Fe(OH)_3, Fe_3(OH)_8, Mn_3O_4, and Mn_2O_3 at 25°C. During mixing of hydrothermal fluid with seawater, Si O_2 precipitated earlier than FeMn-oxyhydroxides because of the lower stability boundary. Then Fe(OH)_2 precipitated first, followed by Fe_3(OH)_8 and Fe(OH)_3, and last, small amounts of Mn_3O_4 and Mn_2O_3 precipitated. Fe(OH)_3 was readily deposited in alkaline solution with little influence by Eh. There were many Si-Fe-Mn-concentric particles in the polished sections of the massive precipitates collected from PACMANUS. In the concentric nucleus and ellipsoid, Si oxides precipitated first before the hydrothermal fluid had mixed with seawater. In the concentric nucleus, after the precipitation of Si oxides, the increase of p H and Eh promoted the precipitation of Mn oxides around the Si oxides. In the large ellipsoid, the precipitation of Fe was divided into two periods. In the early period, increase of p H value of hydrothermal fluid produced by low-temperature convection and an input of a small volume of seawater promoted a small amount of Fe(OH)_3 to precipitate in the Si-rich core. In the late period, after complete mixing with seawater and the resultant fluid was close to neutral or slightly alkaline in p H, Fe(OH)_3 was easily precipitated from the solution and distributed around the Si-rich core.  相似文献   

纳米材料在水环境中的行为及其对水生生物的毒性效应     

丛艺  穆景利  王菊英 《海洋湖沼通报》2014,(3)

针对当前广泛应用的纳米材料排放后对环境潜在的污染这一新型问题,基于水环境是纳米材料排放后汇集的重要场所,着重探讨水环境中纳米材料的行为及检测、对水生生物的毒性效应及机制。在此基础上,从纳米材料理化性质、环境和生态毒理学角度对当前纳米毒理学研究存在的问题和面临的挑战进行了分析和展望,为纳米材料风险评估体系的构建、完善和相关环境标准的建立提供参考。  相似文献   

Thermal conductivity of reinforced soils: A literature review     

Muge Elif Orakoglu  JianKun Liu 《寒旱区科学》2014,6(4):0409-0414

This paper aims a review of the literature related to soil reinforcements to achieve lower soil thermal conductivity （2）. The use of various natural and synthetic fibers, polymers, geosynthetics, agricultural waste/materials, and nanoclays is discussed and existing prediction models that have been thought to affect low thermal conductivity are presented.  相似文献   

凹凸棒石基纳米氧化铁脱除硫化氢研究     

李澜  魏国玉  李顺德  佀慧娜  叶业通  潘文斌 《矿物岩石》2014,(3)

以93%的盱眙凹凸棒和临泽凹凸棒为载体,淀粉糖苷非离子表面活性剂为分散剂,负载纳米氧化铁为活性组分制备脱硫剂。采用L18(2×73)正交试验和单因素试验,对气体流量为10ml/min的纯H2S气体,在不同条件下制备的脱硫吸附剂进行H2S气体脱除研究。结果表明:得到的纳米氧化铁为各种晶态型氧化铁,纳米氧化铁分散均匀,且其平均粒径小于10nm,脱除H2S的最大硫容为29.98%。利用红外(IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等技术对脱硫反应前后的脱硫剂进行表征并分析其脱硫机理。  相似文献   

玻尿酸合成酶的鲨鱼源单域抗体筛选     

束树超  徐明策  哈承旭  周宇杭  邓鹏辉  查丽莎  陈锦霖  陈建明  毕允晨 《海洋科学》2022,46(8):111-120

在鲨鱼等软骨鱼类体内存在天然的缺失轻链、仅包含重链的抗体,源于这种重链抗体可变区的片段称为单域抗体(single domain antibody)。目前单域抗体研究中的抗原主要来源于水溶性蛋白或病原体,筛选膜蛋白鲨鱼源单域抗体的领域接近空白。本研究以重组表达的小球藻病毒玻尿酸合成酶(一种膜蛋白)为抗原,经过免疫、建库、淘选、验证等步骤获得了抗原特异性条纹斑竹鲨(Chiloscyllium plagiosum)单域抗体序列。随后利用大肠杆菌表达了该单域抗体,通过等温滴定量热技术(ITC)测定了其与抗原的亲和力,证实了以膜蛋白作为抗原制备鲨鱼源单域抗体的可行性。  相似文献   

壳聚糖/纳米铜复合微球的制备及其对刚果红染料的脱色性能     

李瑞明  李瑾  钟莲  朱巧雅 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2022,52(2):77-86

以壳聚糖和CuCl₂·2H₂O为原料,分别采用直接负载法和吸附法成功制备了壳聚糖/纳米铜复合微球,运用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X-射线衍射(XDR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对催化剂结构进行了表征。以刚果红(CR)染料为目标污染物,评价了催化剂的制备方法、制备条件及氢转移催化反应条件对其催化性能的影响。结果表明,由直接负载法(CS/CuNPs)和吸附法(CS/CuNPs-X)制备的壳聚糖/纳米铜复合微球在CR染料浓度为100 mg/L,催化剂投加量为0.05 g,供氢体浓度为0.05 mol/L的氢转移催化反应条件下,催化反应进行180和60 min时CR脱色率可分别达95.8%和96.8%。CS/CuNPs-X比CS/CuNPs表现了更高的对CR氢转移催化反应的催化速率。两种催化剂催化还原CR染料的反应均符合准一级动力学模型。在连续循环使用10次后,CS/CuNPs和CS/CuNPs-X对CR的脱色率分别为93.9%和89.4%,表明催化剂具有良好的重复使用性能。  相似文献   

水/离子液体界面聚合法制备聚苯胺微/纳米纤维   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张志明  王立群  于良民  魏长峰  李霞 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2008,38(5)

没有外加质子酸的条件下,以过硫酸铵作氧化剂,水和离子液体作为两相,采用"界面聚合法"成功制备出导电聚苯胺纳米纤维(d=100～190 nm),界面体系所使用的溶剂都为绿色溶剂,对环境无污染,实现了对传统界面聚合的改进.发现[APS]/[An]的比例,去离子水的加入以及搅拌时间对产物的形貌有重要影响.通过FTIR,UV-Vis,XRD进行了结构表征,证实所得的聚苯胺纳米纤维为掺杂态.  相似文献   

纳米计量学的基础技术组件   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

叶贤基 《天文研究与技术》2002,(3):101-116

为了满足ASTROD激光宇航动力学任务慨念计划的高精度要求 ,以及实现新质量标准 ,我们开始进行次纳米激光测长与纳米定位控制的研究。本文将回顾我们在清华大学与工研院测量中心的研究成果 ,介绍如何利用外差式激光干涉仪、挠性微动台与压电陶瓷 ,进行次纳米激光测长与纳米定位控制。此研究成果将做为ASTROD计划中 ,无拖曳航天技术的研发基础。之后讨论如何将纳米定位控制系统与扫描穿隧显微镜进行整合 ,完成计量型扫描穿隧显微镜 ,进一步将微结构的测量尺寸直接追溯至长度标准。  相似文献