塔北古生界滨岸相混控碎屑岩体系沉积学和沉积模式     

周江羽  吕海涛  石媛媛  王龙樟  张玉玺  傅建杰  檀中鑫  钟佳 《地质学报》2022,96(4):1125-1142

滨岸相混控碎屑岩沉积体系是指发育在滨岸带，受河流、波浪和潮汐混合水动力作用产生的复合碎屑岩沉积体系。受区域构造、物源、古地貌、海平面变化和滨岸水动力控制，塔里木盆地沙雅隆起区在志留纪—泥盆纪—石炭纪时期发育了辫状河三角洲、潮汐和波浪作用相互交替的滨岸相碎屑岩复合沉积体系。本文基于野外露头、钻井和测井等资料，开展了沙雅隆起区志留系—石炭系沉积层序、沉积相和沉积模式的综合研究，建立复合沉积体系的沉积学模式，包括：① 志留系—泥盆系的浪控- 潮控海湾沉积体系；② 下石炭统巴楚组的台地- 蒸发潟湖- 潮坪沉积体系；③ 下石炭统卡拉沙依组的河控- 浪控- 潮控三角洲沉积体系。下志留统柯坪塔格组滨岸滩坝和潮坪砂体、上泥盆统东河塘组冲积平原、海湾滩坝砂体和下石炭统卡拉沙依组辫状河三角洲砂体在塔北地区大面积分布，其冲积平原、三角洲前缘、水下分流河道砂体被后期潮汐和波浪作用改造后，形成潮汐水道砂体、河口坝砂体和滨岸滩坝砂体，物性条件明显改善，有利于形成优质储层区带。目前，滨岸混合水动力碎屑岩沉积体系已获得重大油气勘探突破，其沉积学模式可为塔北地区古生界碎屑岩油气勘探提供理论基础。  相似文献   

南海琼东南盆地天然气水合物稳定域分布特征及资源预测   总被引：39，自引：14，他引：25       下载免费PDF全文

陈多福  李绪宣  夏斌 《地球物理学报》2004,47(3):483-489

琼东南盆地油气地质显示盆地内具有生物成因和热成因天然气的巨大生成能力和远景. 地震剖面显示盆地内发育有泥底辟和气烟囱、沟通泥底辟和气烟囱与海底的断裂及可能正在活动的天然气冷泉,这些特征非常有利于天然气水合物的发育. 通过天然气水合物热力学稳定域预测,确定了琼东南盆地天然气水合物的平面和剖面分布特征. 生物成因甲烷水合物分布于水深大于约600m的海底,稳定带最大厚度约314m;热成因天然气水合物分布于水深大于约450m的海区,稳定带最大厚度约410m. 盆地内天然气水合物远景总量约10×109m3,水合物天然气远景为1.6×1012m3.  相似文献   

Post-rift tectonic reactivation and its effect on deep-water deposits in the Qiongdongnan Basin,northwestern South China Sea     

Kainan Mao  Xinong Xie  Yuhong Xie  Jianye Ren  Hui Chen 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2015,36(2-3):227-242

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Difference in full-filled time and its controlling factors in the Central Canyon of the Qiongdongnan Basin   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

SHANG Zhilei  XIE Xinong  LI Xushen  ZHANG Daojun  HE Yunlong  YANG Xing  CUI Mingzhe 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(10):81-89

Based on the interpretation of high resolution 2D/3D seismic data,sedimentary filling characteristics and fullfilled time of the Central Canyon in different segments in the Qiongdongnan Basin of northwestern South China Sea have been studied.The research results indicate that the initial formation age of the Central Canyon is traced back to 11.6 Ma(T40),at which the canyon began to develop due to the scouring of turbidity currents from west to east.During the period of 11.6–8.2 Ma(T40–T31),strong downcutting by gravity flow occurred,which led to the formation of the canyon.The canyon fillings began to form since 8.2 Ma(T31) and were dominated by turbidite deposits,which constituted of lateral migration and vertical superposition of turbidity channels during the time of8.2–5.5 Ma.The interbeds of turbidity currents deposits and mass transport deposits(MTDs) were developed in the period of 5.5–3.8 Ma(T30–T28).After then,the canyon fillings were primarily made up of large scale MTDs,interrupted by small scale turbidity channels and thin pelagic mudstones.The Central Canyon can be divided into three types according to the main controlling factors,geomorphology-controlled,fault-controlled and intrusionmodified canyons.Among them,the geomorphology-controlled canyon is developed at the Ledong,Lingshui,Songnan and western Baodao Depressions,situated in a confined basin center between the northern slope and the South Uplift Belt along the Central Depression Belt.The fault-controlled canyon is developed mainly along the deep-seated faults in the Changchang Depression and eastern Baodao Depression.Intrusion-modified canyon is only occurred in the Songnan Low Uplift,which is still mainly controlled by geomorphology,the intrusion just modified seabed morphology.The full-filled time of the Central Canyon differs from west to east,displaying a tendency of being successively late eastward.The geomorphology-controlled canyon was completely filled before3.8 Ma(T28),but that in intrusion-modified canyon was delayed to 2.4 Ma(T27) because of the uplifted southern canyon wall.To the Changchang Depression,the complete filling time was successively late eastward,and the canyon in eastern Changchang Depression is still not fully filled up to today.Difference in full-filled time in the Central Canyon is mainly governed by multiple sediment supplies and regional tectonic activities.Due to sufficient supply of turbidity currents and MTDs from west and north respectively,western segment of the Central Canyon is entirely filled up earlier.Owing to slower sediment supply rate,together with differential subsidence by deep-seated faults,the full-filled time of the canyon is put off eastwards gradually.  相似文献   

琼东南盆地深水区烃源岩生烃动力学及生气模式     

黄保家  黄灏  王振峰  黄义文  孙志鹏 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(4):11-18

In order to investigate the hydrocarbon generation process and gas potentials of source rocks in deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin, kinetic parameters of gas generation(activation energy distribution and frequency factor) of the Yacheng Formation source rocks(coal and neritic mudstones) was determined by thermal simulation experiments in the closed system and the specific KINETICS Software. The results show that the activation energy(Ea) distribution of C1–C5 generation ranges from 50 to 74 kcal/mol with a frequency factor of 2.4×1015 s–1 for the neritic mudstone and the Ea distribution of C1–C5 generation ranges from 49 to 73 kcal/mol with a frequency factor of 8.92×1013 s–1 for the coal. On the basis of these kinetic parameters and combined with the data of sedimentary burial and paleothermal histories, the gas generation model of the Yacheng Formation source rocks closer to geological condition was worked out, indicating its main gas generation stage at Ro(vitrinite reflectance) of 1.25%–2.8%. Meanwhile, the gas generation process of the source rocks of different structural locations(central part, southern slope and south low uplift) in the Lingshui Sag was simulated. Among them, the gas generation of the Yacheng Formation source rocks in the central part and the southern slope of the sag entered the main gas window at 10 and 5 Ma respectively and the peak gas generation in the southern slope occurred at 3 Ma. The very late peak gas generation and the relatively large gas potential indices(GPI:20×108–60×108 m3/km2) would provide favorable conditions for the accumulation of large natural gas reserves in the deepwater area.  相似文献   

南海西北部琼东南盆地深水沉积环境演化及其油气勘探意义   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王振峰  姜涛  张道军  王亚辉  左倩媚  何卫军 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(4):1-10

Over the past several years, a number of hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered in the deepwater area of Qiongdongnan Basin, northwestern South China Sea. These oil/gas fields demonstrate that the...  相似文献   

富台油田岩心裂缝研究     

邹娟  戴俊生  商琳  田博 《地质力学学报》2015,21(1):66-72

通过对富台油田岩心裂缝观测,描述裂缝的几何特征、充填特征、力学性质等,进而确定裂缝的各项参数。研究结果表明,富台潜山发育大量构造裂缝,主要为北东—南西和北西—南东走向共轭剪切裂缝,同时可见近东西走向裂缝。裂缝基本为近垂直剪裂缝,开度集中在0.6~0.8 mm,以方解石半充填为主,体密度为5~10 m2/m3,北部较南部地区裂缝密度偏大,裂缝更为发育。  相似文献   

涠洲12-A油田流二段Ⅱ油组沉积特征及演化   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

曾小明  张辉  彭松  周展  王磊  谢京 《沉积学报》2015,33(1):153-159

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷涠洲12-A油田流沙港组二段Ⅱ油组构造复杂,沉积差异大,横向变化快,对物源和沉积相的认识存在争议.通过测井、岩壁芯和地震等资料的分析研究,明确了涠洲12-A油田流沙港组二段Ⅱ油组物源来自于西南方向的涠洲12-8构造脊;划分了2长期基准面旋回、3个中期基准面旋回,建立了相应的等时层序格架;通过分析不同油组的沉积特征差异,识别出了两种沉积相,其中底部为扇三角洲沉积,顶部为正常三角洲沉积;并从基准面旋回的角度探讨了其沉积模式和演化规律.  相似文献   

莺歌海盆地东方1-1气田天然气来源与运聚模式   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

赵必强  肖贤明  胡忠良  黄保家 《沉积学报》2005,23(1):156-161

莺歌海盆地东方 1-1气田以其埋藏浅、天然气成份变化大、气藏位于底辟构造带等特征一直是研究的热点。长期以来对其气源、充注历史等问题存在不少疑问。该研究应用生烃动力学与碳同位素动力学方法通过对典型烃源岩的研究,建立起了烃源岩在地质条件下的生气模式与碳同位素分馏模式。结合天然气地质地球化学特征,研究认为:东方 1-1气田烃类气体主要来源于梅山组烃源岩,非烃气体来源于三亚组或更深部含钙地层;天然气藏形成相当晚,与底辟作用有关,烃类气体主要充注时间在 1.3Ma以后,CO₂气体主要充注时间在 0.1Ma左右;天然气成份的非均一性主要受控于底辟断裂活动所控制的幕式充注。  相似文献   

Temporal and spatial variability of sediment flux into the sea from the three largest rivers in China     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

The Yellow, Yangtze and Pearl Rivers supply over 90% of the sediment flux from China to the western Pacific Ocean. Trends and abrupt changes in the water discharge and sediment load of the three rivers were examined and compared based on data updated to the year 2011 at the seasonal and annual scales. The total water discharge from the three rivers shows a statistically insignificant decreasing trend with a rate of 0.62 × 10⁹ m³/a, and the total sediment load shows a statistically significant decreasing trend at a rate of 31.12 × 10⁶ t/a from the 1950s to 2011. The water discharge of the entire Yellow River and the upstream portion of the Yangtze River shows significant decreasing trends, and that of the mid-lower stream of Yangtze River and the entire Pearl River shows insignificant trends. The sediment loads in the three river basins all show significant decreasing trends at the annual and seasonal scales, and a dramatic decrease in the 2000s resulted in a more obvious decreasing trend over the studied period. From the 1950s to the 2000s, the contribution of sediment flux from the Yellow River to the ocean decreased from 71.8% to 37.0%, and the contributions of the Yangtze and Pearl Rivers increased from 24.2% and 4.0% to 53.0% and 10.0%, respectively. Inter-annual variations in water discharge and sediment load were affected by climate oscillations, such as the El Niño/Southern Oscillation, and the long-term decreasing trend in sediment load was primarily caused by human activities. Dam constructions and soil conservation projects were the major causes of sediment reduction. From the 1970s to the 2000s, the decrease in total sediment load from the three rivers caused by climate change and human activities was 2.24 × 10⁸ t/a (23.0%) and 7.5 × 10⁸ t/a (77.0%), respectively. In the coming decades, the sediment flux from the three rivers into the sea will decrease further with intensifying human activities, resulting in many challenges for the management of river basins and river deltas.  相似文献