The 100-kyr ice-age cycle: internal oscillation or inclinational forcing?     

W. H. Berger 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1999,88(2):305-316

The ice-age hypothesis of Muller and MacDonald (1995, 1997a, 1997b) has two parts: (a) The 100-kyr cycle does not owe its existence to Milankovitch forcing; and (b) variations in inclination of Earth's orbit (i.e., the orbit's angle with the solar system invariable plane) provide the mechanism sought. In support of the first proposition, Muller and MacDonald point to the paradox that the spectrum of oxygen isotope series from deep-sea sediments contains no power for two prominent eccentricity cycles, 125 and 400 kyr. In support of the second proposition, they offer a match between the SPECMAP record (Imbrie et al. 1984) and a plot of the amplitude of orbital inclination, shifted by 33 kyr. The hypothesis of Muller and MacDonald is rejected in both parts, although an influence of inclination forcing is not precluded entirely. The paradox of the missing eccentricity cycles (125 and 400 kyr) is explained by suppression of the two longer cycles, and enhancement of the one near 96 kyr, as a result of internal oscillation. A Muller–MacDonald machine for making the 100-kyr ice-age cycles, however conceived, would have to have a memory near 30 kyr to provide for phase shift between input and output. Precisely this amount of memory is sufficient to produce the needed oscillation in Milankovitch machine here applied; thus, there is no advantage, from the point of view of either necessity or simplicity, in replacing Milankovitch forcing, with its precise phasing (despite the fuzzy physics), with inclination forcing, and with its severe problems in phasing (and, thus far, no physics at all). Received: 10 June 1998 / Accepted: 2 February 1999  相似文献   

HWM07模式风场在高度60～100km的精度及建模初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

程胡华  武帅  宿兴涛  赵亮 《地球物理学报》2020,63(1):86-100

HWM07模式是一个应用广泛的国际标准参考大气风场模式,其在航天飞行器的设计阶段具有重要作用.因此,研究该模式风场精度具有重要意义,本文以廊坊中频雷达的风场资料(2014—2016年)为基准,利用偏差、绝对差、相关系数、相对偏差和Lomb-Scargle周期图方法,研究HWM07模式风场在高度60～100km的精度,最后,对本文建立的60～100km风场预报模型(UV_(DerM)模型)精度进行分析.结果表明,在高度60～100km范围内,(1)HWM07模式的纬向风偏差、绝对差、相关系数、相对偏差的平均值分别为14.0039 m·s-1、34.4750 m·s-1、0.1832、-75.4822%,经向风偏差、绝对差、相关系数、相对偏差的平均值分别为-2.0019m·s-1、25.3689m·s-1、0.1442、-88.9980%;经向风、纬向风的统计特征均与高度、季节有密切关系;(2)Lomb-Scargle周期图结果表明,中频雷达、HWM07模式风场在同一高度层显著(通过90%显著性检验)含有的波周期及功率谱存在较明显差异,不同高度、不同季节显著含有的波周期和功率谱也存在明显差异;(3)在高度86～92km,准全日潮汐波、准半日潮汐波分别在冬季、夏季的HWM07模式风场变化特征中为主要作用,而对中频雷达风场变化特征起主要作用的大气波动特征与高度、季节有关;(4)相对于HWM07模式风场,由UVDerM模型得到的纬向风更接近实况资料,但经向风无改进效果.  相似文献   

福建省沙埕港百年一遇台风风暴潮的计算   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

董剑希  仉天宇  付祥  吴玮  赵联大  吴少华  于福江 《海洋通报》2008,27(1):9-16

研究了福建省沙埕港风暴潮状况,根据收集的沙埕验潮站连续50a(1956-2005)的台风过程增水资料以及西北太平洋57 a 的台风资料,采用皮尔逊Ⅲ统计法和数值法分别计算了沙埕港的100a一遇台风暴潮和 100a一遇最大台风暴潮,并得到了产生这两种台风增水的台风路径及强度等台风参数.沙埕港100a一遇台风暴潮为198 cm,100a一遇最大台风暴潮为243 cm,其中产生100a一遇台风暴潮的台风移向为NW方向,移速为19km/h,路径位于沙埕港南12km;产生100a一遇最大台风暴潮的台风移向为 NW 方向,移速为19 km/h,路径位于沙埕港南24km.计算结果为福建沿海海洋工程项目的建设提供了重要参考依据.  相似文献   

100Ma来海水的锶同位素组成演化及主要控制因素   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

黄成刚  黄思静  吴素娟  陈启林 《地球科学与环境学报》2006,28(2):19-24

讨论了100 Ma以来海水锶同位素比值的变化趋势及控制因素。100~40 Ma期间,海水锶同位素比值有多次升降,总体上变化幅度较小;40 Ma以来,海水锶同位素比值显著增加,并呈现出单调上升的总体特征。100 Ma以来海水锶同位素的变化主要可能与星外物体对地球的撞击作用;全球海平面变化及洋中脊扩张速度的改变;喜马拉雅—青藏高原的隆升;玄武岩喷发和冰川作用因素有关。在各种因素中,喜马拉雅—青藏高原的隆升对40 Ma以来海水锶同位素演化具有最重要的控制作用。喜马拉雅—青藏高原的隆升可能始于40 Ma左右,隆升速度最快的时期在20~15 Ma。  相似文献   

Near-infrared spectroscopy of the circumnuclear star formation regions in M100: evidence for sequential triggering     

S. D. Ryder  J. H. Knapen  M. Takamiya 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2001,323(3):663-671

We present low-resolution ( R ∼450) K -band spectroscopy for 16 of the 43 circumnuclear star-forming knots in M100 identified by Ryder & Knapen. We compare our measurements of equivalent widths for the Br γ emission line and CO 2.29-μm absorption band in each knot with the predictions of starburst models from the literature, and derive ages and burst parameters for the knots. The majority of these knots are best explained by the result of short, localized bursts of star formation between 8 and 10 Myr ago. By examining both radial and azimuthal trends in the age distribution, we present a case for sequential triggering of star formation, most likely resulting from the action of a large-scale shock. In an appendix, we draw attention to the fact that the growth in the CO spectroscopic index with decreasing temperature in supergiant stars is not as regular as is commonly assumed.  相似文献   

五水合五硼酸钠溶解热测定及其热力学性质          下载免费PDF全文

肖举  袁菲  李珑  郭亚飞  王士强  邓天龙 《盐湖研究》2022,30(1):1-6, 100

不同形态硼酸盐焓、熵、吉布斯自由能等热力学参数极为缺乏,其准确测定对丰富和发展盐湖硼酸盐化学理论至关重要。采用微量热计测定了五水合五硼酸钠(NaB₅O₈·5H₂O)溶解热。根据设计的热化学循环和热力学基本公式,获得了NaB₅O₈·5H₂O在298.15 K下标准生成焓(△H^θ_f,NaB₅O₈·5H₂O,-5189.4820kJ·ml^-1)、标准生成熵(△S^θ_f,NaB₅O₈·5H₂O,701.2728J·mol^-1·K^-1)、标准生成吉布斯自由能(△G^θ_f,NaB₅O₈·5H₂O,-5398.566.kJ·mol^-1)等等热力学参数。这些基础热力学参数的获得对丰富无机盐热力学数据和促进盐湖资源综合利用具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Preconcentration of trace multi-elements in water samples using Dowex 50W-x8 and Chelex-100 resins prior to their determination using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES)     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2013

This work presents a solid phase extraction (SPE) method for simultaneous preconcentration of trace elements in water samples prior to their ICP-OES determination. Dowex 50W-x8 and Chelex-100 resins were used as SPE sorbent materials for preconcentration of trace Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn. The optimum sample pH, eluent concentration and sample flow rates were found to 6, 3.0 mol L⁻¹ and 3.0 mL min⁻¹, respectively. In terms of multi-element preconcentration capabilities, Dowex 50W-x8 appeared to be a better sorbent. The recoveries for all the tested analytes were >95%. However, Chelex-100 showed a better performance in terms of recovery (>95%) towards Cu, Fe and Zn. Under optimized conditions using Dowex 50W-x8, the relative standard deviations for different metals were <3%. The limits of detection and limits of quantification ranged from 0.01–0.39 μg L⁻¹ and 0.05–0.1.3 μg L⁻¹, respectively. The accuracy of the preconcentration method was confirmed by spike recovery test and the analysis of certified reference materials. The SPE method was applied for preconcentration of the analyte ions in tap water, bottled water and wastewater samples.  相似文献   

近百年湖北省湖泊演变特征研究   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

张毅  孔祥德  邓宏兵  孔春芳  李文杰 《湿地科学》2010,8(1):15-20

利用20世纪初以来的地图、历史文献资料和1986～2005年期间7年不同时相的TM影像数据,采用遥感和地理信息系统技术和方法,分析近百年湖北省湖泊的时空演变特征。研究结果表明:①近100多年来,湖北省湖泊演化可以分为4个阶段,并且具有明显的地域差异性。②20世纪初期,湖北省湖泊面积约为26000km2,到2005年为3025.6km2,仅为百年前的11.64%;近百年来绝大部分湖泊面积都在缩小,部分湖泊因围垦或其他原因已完全消失或变为它用,部分湖泊形态发生了较大变化;人类活动是湖北省湖泊百年变迁的主导因素。③20世纪下半叶湖北省湖泊变化迅速,湖北省湖泊面积由50年代的约8503.7km2波动减小至80年代的约2977.3km2,发生在60～80年代的围垦是造成湖泊萎缩的主要原因;从90年代开始,因重视湖泊保护和退田还湖,使湖泊萎缩的态势得到遏制,局部湖泊面积有所恢复。  相似文献   

Prediction of China＇s Submerged Coastal Areas by Sea Level Rise due to Climate Change     

ZUO Juncheng  YANG Yiqiu  ZHANG Jianli  CHEN Meixiang  XU Qing 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2013,(3):327-334

Based on the simulation with the Ocean-Atmosphere Coupled Model CCSM and Ocean Model POP under the green- house gas emission scenario of the IPCC SRES A2 （IPCC, 2001）, and on the earth crust subsidence and glacier melting data, the relative sea level change is obtained along the coast of China in the 21 st century. Using the SRTM elevation data the submergence of coastal low land is calculated under the extreme water level with a 100-year retum period. The total flooding areas are 98.3× 10^3 and 104.9× 10^3 km2 for 2050 and 2080, respectively. For the three regions most vulnerable to extreme sea level rise, i.e., the coast of Bohai Bay, the Yangtze River Delta together with neighboring Jiangsu Province and northern Zhejiang Province, and the Pearl River Delta, the flooded areas are 5.0× 10^3, 64.1×10^3 and 15.3 × 10^3 km2 in 2050 and 5.2 × 10^3, 67.8×10^3 and 17.2 × 10^3 km2 in 2080, respectively.  相似文献   

全球变暖在继续   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

唐国利  罗勇  黄建斌  闻新宇  朱亚妮  赵宗慈  王绍武 《气候变化研究进展》2012,8(4):235-242

基于全球和中国的观测资料指出,无论全球还是中国,2001-2010年都是有仪器观测记录以来最暖的10年。虽然这10年内的温度上升趋势很弱,但并不意味着气候变暖已经停止。分季节来看,近10年（2001-2010年）冬季中国东北及新疆的气温低于前10年（1991-2000年）。然而,这种区域性和季节性的温度下降并没有影响全国、全年保持变暖的趋势。  相似文献