荒漠植物白刺总DNA提取及鉴定   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

张勇  李鸣  杨同文  张腾国  陈拓  安黎哲 《中国沙漠》2006,26(3):489-492

荒漠植物白刺含有较多的多糖、酚类等次生代谢物,用常规的CTAB、SDS等方法难以获得高质量的总DNA。针对这一问题探索出一种适合白刺属植物总DNA提取的方法。其特点是在裂解细胞膜之前,首先用无CTAB缓冲液进行两次多糖、酚类等次生代谢物的抽提;加大CTAB浓度,用3×CTAB作为裂解液;在用异丙醇沉淀DNA之前,用高浓度NaCl再次分离多糖。用这种方法我们对分布于甘肃的四种白刺属植物的总DNA进行了提取,开展了与总DNA相关的PCR扩增和其他遗传学分析,并取得满意的结果。  相似文献   

Characterization of marine microplankton communities of Qingdao coastal areas using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD）   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

GAO Shan  HU Xiaozhong  CHEN Zigui  XU Henglong  YI Zhenzhen  LIN Xiaofeng  LIJiqiu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(1)

Microplankton communities of three coastal sites of Qingdao, Shandong Province, China were investigated using RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) molecular markers and morphological observations. Eight RAPD-primers were selected to amplify the DNA polymorphy. The genetic distances inferred from the pairwise similari-ties were calculated for the phylogenetic tree construction. Meantime, the traditional microscopic determination, a way of visualizing the species composition, was performed to detect the major taxa of microplanktons from all samples. Results showed that: (1) the band sharing index values were in the range of 0. 504 2-0. 763 2 among samples from the same sampling site at different time scales, while 0.406 5-0.685 7 among the samples from different stations at the same time scales, indicating that spatial variations of microplankton communities were more pronounced than temporal ones; (2) samples from the same station basically clustered together, cor-responding to the geographic distribution of the sampling sites; (3) diversity derived from genetic and morpho-logical data did not correspond with each other well.  相似文献   

自杀者的童年阴影     

《海洋世界》2008,(6):7-7

来自加拿大麦吉尔大学的一个研究小组发现，那些以自杀来结束生命的人的大脑与正常人的大脑有很大不同。即使“自杀者”大脑和“非自杀者”大脑在基因序列上差别不大，它们在“表观遗传标记”方面却存在明显不同。表观遗传学研究的是基因功能的改变，而这种改变并不涉及DNA序列的变化。遗传自父母的DNA，其序列在人的一生中不会改变，身体各部位的DNA序列相同。  相似文献   

川纹笛鲷消化道优势菌群PCR-DGGE指纹图谱比较分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

周志刚  石鹏君  姚斌  何夙旭  苏永全 《海洋科学》2008,32(11):9-12

采用免培养的16S rDNA梯度凝胶电泳技术（DGGE）对集约化海水网箱养殖川纹笛鲷（Lutjanus sebae）的消化道胃壁、胃内容物、肠壁、肠内容物优势菌群结构进行了比较分析。研究结果显示，川纹笛鲷消化道存在着丰富多样的细菌群落，对DGGE指纹图谱聚类分析表明菌群组成相似度高于55％，其中胃内容物及胃壁细菌组成相似度最高（90％），这可能与摄食饵料在消化道推移有关；而胃壁与肠壁相似度相对最差，可能反应了由于生理环境不同引起的宿主差异性。通过建立川纹笛鲷消化道16S rDNA-DGGE指纹图谱及比较分析，为澄清川纹笛鲷消化道微生物区系奠定了基础。  相似文献   

一种共生藻PCR模板DNA的快速制备法          下载免费PDF全文

龙寒  禤金彩 《应用海洋学学报》2019,38(4):585-591

采用Chelex-100树脂法制备了26个物种(分别属于腔肠动物门、海绵动物门和软体动物门)的共生藻以及一株纯培养共生藻的DNA样品。通过PCR扩增叶绿体23S rRNA基因片段获得了26个有效序列,测序比对结果显示获得的序列与扩增目的基因相符。该方法不仅样品消耗量小、操作时间短、设备需求低廉,而且可以避免使用有害化学试剂。这是一种高效、环保的DNA提取方法,可为共生藻分子研究提供技术参考。  相似文献   

Methods Comparison for Microsatellite Marker Development： Different Isolation Methods, Different Yield Efficiency     

Aibin Zhan  Zhenmin Bao  Xiaoli Hu  Wei Lu  Jingjie Hu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(2):161-165

Microsatellite markers have become one kind of the most important molecular tools used in various researches. A large number of microsatellite markers are required for the whole genome survey in the fields of molecular ecology, quantitative genetics and genomics. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to select several versatile, low-cost, efficient and time- and labor-saving methods to develop a large panel of microsatellite markers. In this study, we used Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri) as the target species to compare the efficiency of the five methods derived from three strategies for microsatellite marker development. The results showed that the strategy of constructing small insert genomic DNA library resulted in poor efficiency, while the microsatellite-enriched strategy highly improved the isolation efficiency. Although the mining public database strategy is time- and cost-saving, it is difficult to obtain a large number of microsatellite markers, mainly due to the limited sequence data of non-model species deposited in public databases. Based on the results in this study, we recommend two methods, microsatellite-enriched library construction method and FIASCO-colony hybridization method, for large-scale microsatellite marker development. Both methods were derived from the mi-crosatellite-enriched strategy. The experimental results obtained from Zhikong scallop also provide the reference for microsatellite marker development in other species with large genomes.  相似文献   

基于COI序列的翡翠股贻贝Perna viridis线粒体遗传特性分析及其近缘种间的系统关系探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

位正鹏  孔晓瑜  吴相云  喻子牛 《热带海洋学报》2009,28(6):72-78

应用通用引物 COIL 1490和 COIH 2198对翡翠股贻贝Perna viridis的性腺和体细胞线粒体DNA进行PCR扩增，获得661bp长度的COI基因片段，经过比对性腺与体细胞的COI片段，发现雄性性腺与体细胞COI基因均为一个单倍型，即体内只有一种线粒体DNA类型，没有发现双单性遗传现象，雌、雄性腺的COI基因片段变异率很低（0.31%）。应用PAUP构建了NJ树、MP树以及贝叶斯法构建了贝叶斯树，对股贻贝属3种间的系统关系进行了分析，结果表明，翡翠股贻贝P. viridis与P. canaliculus 和 P. perna 之间的分化与分歧年代的估算是相吻合的。  相似文献   

鲸尸＂牧场＂     

吴溪 《海洋世界》2009,(10):43-45

多毛环节动物新物种的发现将有助于人类进一步了解生物在地球上的分布状况以及不同物种之间的差异。DNA技术表明，海洋中物种的丰富程度远超过人类的想象。  相似文献   

Changes in the Chemical Components of Light Crude Off During Simulated Short Term Weathering     

MA Qimin LUO Xia YU Zhigang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(3):231-236

To unambiguously identify spilled oils and to link them to the known sources are extremely important in settling questions of environmental impact and legal liability. The fate and behavior of spilled oils in the environment depend on a number of physicochemical and biological factors. This paper presents the results regarding changes in chemical composition of light crude oil during simulated short-term weathering based on natural environmental conditions. The results show that the saturated hydrocarbons of the light crude oil mainly distribute between n-C8 and n-C23 and the most abundant n-alkanes are found in the n-C10 to n-C16. The main chemical components of the light crude oil are n-alkanes and isoprenoids. The aromatic compounds are subordinate chemical components. Under the conditions of the weathering simulation experiment,n-alkanes less than n-C12,toluene and 1,3-dimethyl benzene are lost after 1 d weathering,the n-C13,n-C14,naphthalene and 2-methyl-naphthalene are lost on the fifth day of weathering,and n-C15 alkane components show certain weatherproof capability. The ratios n-C17/pristane and n-C18/phytane are unaltered and can be used to identify the source of the light crude oil during the first 8 d of weathering. After 21 d,the ratio pristine/phytane can not provide much information on the source of the spilled light crude oil. Triterpanes（m/z 191） as biomarker compounds of light crude oil are more valuable.  相似文献   

海南近海野生鞍带石斑鱼群体遗传多样性的RAPD分析     

符书源  尹绍武  陈国华  乔淑军  许丽丽 《海洋通报》2008,27(3):25-31

用RAPD技术分析海南近海野生鞍带石斑鱼群体的遗传多样性,从48个随机引物中筛选出20个引物对鞍带石斑鱼的DNA进行扩增,结果共检测出131个位点,其多态位点比例(P)为48.09%;利用RAPDdistance1.04软件获得海南野生鞍带石斑鱼群体21个个体间的遗传距离矩阵,依此计算出个体间平均遗传距离(D)为0.2650,个体间平均遗传相似系数(S)为0.7350;利用POPGENE1.3软件计算出Shannon遗传多样性指数(H0)为0.2266;与其他种类的石斑鱼群体的RAPD分析结果比较可知,海南近海野生鞍带石斑鱼群体仍保持着较丰富的遗传多样性.因此在海南发展鞍带石斑鱼的养殖业,可以选择海南近海的野生鞍带石斑鱼作为亲本进行人工繁殖,但应采取一些有效的保护措施,以避免遗传多样性的丧失.  相似文献