四川名山建山大邑砾岩沉积特征及地层时代   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

莫雄  赵兵 《沉积与特提斯地质》2010,30(4):72-78

详细描述了四川名山建山大邑砾岩实测剖面,讨论了大邑砾岩的岩性组合特征及沉积环境。认为大邑砾岩主要为一套位于风化壳之上的河流-冲积扇沉积,自下而上由细变粗,属于物源区总体不断上升过程中的近源沉积。通过大邑砾岩中的孢粉组合,讨论了其地质时代。该剖面孢粉组合以水龙骨科孢子为主,年代地层归属于新近系上新统。  相似文献   

New potassium‐argon basalt date in relation to the Pliocene Bluff Downs Local Fauna,northern Australia     

B. S. Mackness  P. W. Whitehead  G. C. McNamara 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(4):807-811

A new radiometric date of 3.6 Ma for the basalt overlying fossiliferous units of the Allingham Formation, provides a minimum age for the Bluff Downs Local Fauna. Ground studies and interpretation of aerial photography has clarified the volcanic history of the area and a new basalt flow has been identified and named. Although the age of the capping basalt permits a younger age for the Bluff Downs Local Fauna than originally described, the stratigraphy, combined with the interpreted stage of evolution of the fauna, still supports an Early Pliocene age for the site.  相似文献   

Magnetostratigraphy of the Plio‐Pleistocene carbonate section of the Great Australian Bight     

M. Fuller  R. Molina-Garza  M. Antretter  F. Lichowski 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3):447-466

ODP Leg 182 drilled two north‐south transects in the western Great Australian Bight close to longitude 128°E. These transects penetrated a remarkably thick section of uppermost Pliocene and Pleistocene carbonate sediments, which are separated from Miocene sections by a major hiatus. In the eastern transect, at sites 1129, 1131 and 1127, the Brunhes‐Matuyama boundary (onset of C1n) was found at 343 m, between 280 and 300 m, and at 343 m below the sea floor, respectively. In the western transect, at sites 1132 and 1130, it was found between 170 and 181 m, and at 200 m, respectively. Within the Brunhes chron, inclination and intensity fluctuations and correlations between susceptibility and standard δ¹⁸O records were used to give age‐depth relations. These age relations from the palaeomagnetics are broadly consistent with the biostratigraphy and the δ¹⁸O results from Leg 182, but do not provide an entirely independent dataset. Rock magnetism stratigraphy at site 1131 revealed the principal bryozoan buildup to be at the time of the last glacial lowstand, as suggested by previous workers. At all sites the sedimentation rate increases from the basal unconformity up into the thick Upper Pleistocene section. In the western transect there appears to be a partial record of most of the Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene chron boundaries (C1r1n to C2An3n) in a condensed section, but in the eastern transect only the Jaramillo (C1r1n) is observed.  相似文献   

Kinematics of the Malatya–Ovacik Fault Zone     

Rob Westaway  Jan Arger 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(1-3):103-131

Abstract

We investigate the left-lateral slip on the 240-km- long, NE-SW-trending, Malatya-Ovacik fault zone in eastern Turkey. This fault zone splays southwestward from the North Anatolian fault zone near Erzincan, then follows the WSW-trending Ovacik valley between the Munzur and Yilan mountain ranges. It bends back to a SW orientation near Arapkir, from where we trace its main strand SSW beneath the Plio-Quaternary sediment of the Malatya basin. We propose that this fault zone was active during ~5–3 Ma, when it took up 29 km of relative motion between the Turkish and Arabian plates; it ceased to be active when the East Anatolian fault zone formed at ~3 Ma. The geometry of the former Erzincan triple junction, which differs from the modem Karliova triple junction, where the North and East Anatolian fault zones intersect, suggests a possible explanation for why slip on the Malatya- Ovacik fault zone was unable to continue. We interpret the SW- and SSW-trending segments of the Malatya-Ovacik fault zone as transform faults, which define an Euler pole ~1 400 km to the southeast. Its central part along the Ovacik valley, which is ~30° oblique to the adjoining transform faults, is interpreted as the internal fault of a stepover. The adjoining mountain ranges, which now rise up to ~3 300 m, ~2 000 m above the surrounding land surface, are largely the result of the surface uplift which accompanied the components of shortening and thickening of the upper crustal brittle layer that occurred around this stepover while the left-lateral faulting was active. © 2001 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS  相似文献   

The opening of the Plio-Quaternary Gibraltar Strait: assessing the size of a cataclysm     

Paul-Louis Blanc 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(5-6):303-317

Abstract

The widespread Lago-Mare facies show that the Mediterranean was fully isolated from the World Ocean at the end of the Messinian salinity crisis (MSC): the Plio-Quaternary Gibraltar Strait has no geographical feature in common with the Miocene Portals, which were continentalised before the end of the MSC. A copy of a budget model has been modified to study the infilling of the Mediterranean. The yearly Atlantic water supply follows an exponential increase law. The level of the basins does not change significantly during the 26 early years, but the refill of the Mediterranean basins is completed within the next 10–11 years. The high velocity of the flow of Atlantic water can be reconfirmed by hydraulic calculations. The morphological study of the area suggests that the Gibraltar Strait originates from an eastwards flowing stream, which drained the eastern slope of an emergent Gibraltar Isthmus to the Mediterranean Basins at the end of the Messinian. Similar canyons are still found in the marine topography towards the Alboran Sea. The present Spartel and Camarinal Sills both originate from the coeval mass sliding of the northern bank of the strait. The strait of Gibraltar results from the work of a stream, which managed water-piracy from an Ocean. © 2002 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.  相似文献   

东南极冰盖上新世大规模退缩事件          下载免费PDF全文

刘小汉  韦利杰  黄费新  方爱民  琚宜太  李潇丽  周学君 《地质科学》2013,(2):419-434

笔者近年对东南极内陆格罗夫山(Grove Mountains)开展了上新世以来冰盖表面波动的综合研究,运用冰川地质、地貌、土壤、沉积岩、孢粉组合及宇宙核素等各种方法手段,提出东南极大冰盖形成以后并非稳定演化至今,而在上新世早期时发生过大规模退缩,其前缘至少曾经退缩到格罗夫山地区,距现今冰盖边缘约400 km。之后,冰盖又迅速膨胀,到距今2.3 Ma时,冰面至少超过现今高度约400 m。以后冰面缓慢平稳下降,至1.6 Ma时,东南极冰盖进入第四纪振荡期,但重新上升的冰面再也没有超过现今高度的100 m以上。东南极冰盖大规模消融事件在全球尺度上也有所响应,例如北半球大冰盖形成,青藏高原整体剧烈隆升,塔里木盆地黄土出现等。这类行星尺度的气候变化可能与直布罗陀海峡关闭与地中海盐化事件,巴拿马地峡关闭等大地构造事件有关。  相似文献   

New paleomagnetic and paleointensity data from Pliocene lava flows from the Lesser Caucasus     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2013

A paleomagnetic, rock-magnetic and paleointensity study has been carried out on 14 basaltic lava flows from two Pliocene (K–Ar age between 3.09 ± 0.10 Ma and 4.00 ± 0.15 Ma) sequences (Apnia and Korxi) from the eastern Djhavakheti Highland in southern Georgia (Caucasus).Measurement of strong-field magnetisation versus temperature curves yielded three types of thermomagnetic curves: (i) Reversible curves with magnetite as only remanence carrier (type H); (ii) irreversible curves with magnetite as only carrier of remanence (type H⁻) and (iii) irreversible curves showing a low Curie-temperature phase and magnetite (type L). Analysis of hysteresis curves showed that samples were characterised by a mixture of single-domain and multi-domain grains.Paleomagnetic experiments allowed determining characteristic components for all flows and normal polarities (6 flows), reversed polarities (7 flows) and intermediate polarities (1 flow) were observed.. Paleomagnetic poles were calculated using only those sites unequivocally showing normal or reversed polarities. The paleomagnetic pole obtained from flows of both combined sequences (latitude λ = 77.9°N, longitude ϕ = 152.1°E, n = 13, A₉₅ = 11.8°, k = 13.4) showed a good agreement with the 5 Ma window of the European synthetic apparent polar wander path of Besse and Courtillot (2002). The paleomagnetic direction of the combined Apnia-Korxi flows agrees well with the expected one, showing no significant tectonic rotation. The latter cannot be however, completely excluded in the Korxi section. In that section, analysis of the angular dispersion of virtual geomagnetic poles yields a much higher value than expected.Paleointensity experiments using the Coe method were performed on 31 specimens from 10 flows. After application of specific selection criteria, 19 samples from 8 flows were observed to provide successful determinations, with mean flow values showing a wide scatter. If only flows with more than one successful paleointensity determination are taken into account, virtual dipole moments (VDMs) vary between 3.5 × 10²² A m² and 8.3 × 10²² A m². In intermediate polarity site AP2 no weak transitional paleostrength values were observed.  相似文献   

西秦岭北缘漳县地区上新统韩家沟砾岩沉积特征及其地质意义     

毕娜  郭进京  韩文峰  赵海涛 《地质通报》2017,36(9):1616-1624

青藏高原东北缘西秦岭北缘构造带的漳县地区出露一套具有磨拉石沉积特征的上新统韩家沟砾岩。其现今的空间分布和沉积特征对于认识青藏高原东北缘新生代构造演化和地壳隆升具有重要的科学意义。通过对上新统韩家沟砾岩层的厚度、砾石成分、形态和粒度特征、古流向特征、物源特征等研究,探讨其沉积环境和形成的构造背景。提出了西秦岭北缘上新统韩家沟砾岩代表新近纪上新世以来,西秦岭地块向北逆冲推覆构造背景下形成前陆磨拉石盆地沉积的认识。该区域上新统韩家沟砾岩现今出露最高高程与北缘断裂带之南的山顶夷平面高程相近,可能指示了其形成之后和西秦岭一起经历了长期的侵蚀夷平,最后在新近纪末期或第四纪初形成了统一夷平面。该夷平面代表了青藏高原东北缘地壳隆升的起点,新近纪末期以来,该夷平面的隆升、侵蚀和解体记录了青藏高原东北缘地壳隆升过程,即青藏高原东北缘真正隆升是新近纪末期或第四纪以来的地质事件。  相似文献   

莺歌海盆地东方A气田莺歌海组二段沉积新认识:海底扇浊积席状砂     

岳绍飞  张辉  王庆帅  成涛  李佳  陈晓武  秦莎 《海相油气地质》2017,22(4)

莺歌海盆地东方A气田莺歌海组的沉积模式存在争议。综合利用岩心、录井、测井等资料分析沉积相类型,在此基础上结合地震多属性及单井、连井分析,研究各气组的沉积演化,并对东方A气田沉积相形成的控制因素进行了总结。莺歌海组二段沉积时期发育三种沉积微相,分别为浊积席状砂、滨外滩坝及滨外泥。该段Ⅲ、Ⅱ气组主要发育来自西部物源的海底扇外扇浊积席状砂,Ⅰ气组主要为滨外滩坝沉积,滨外泥在各气组均有发育。东方A气田的沉积相受控于盆地的二级坡折带及沉积时期底辟的发生。本次研究关于莺歌海组二段浊积席状砂的认识,改变了以往强调东部海南岛物源的滨外滩坝的模式,为后期的开发调整起到了积极有效的作用。  相似文献   

甘肃石包城盆地新生代沉积特征及与阿尔金断裂的关系研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

冯志硕  张志诚  李建锋  郭召杰 《地质科学》2010,45(1):181-193

阿尔金断裂是由阿尔金主干断层及其它次级断裂组成的巨型走滑断裂系,其分布规律符合左行走滑挤压模式。石包城盆地位于阿尔金断裂带内,为祁连山所围限,面积大约为3 000 km~2。通过对盆地上新统地层、砾岩砾石成份、古流向等沉积特征的综合研究分析表明:盆地南部边缘位于土大坂以南,主要由砾岩和含砾砂岩组成,其中灰岩占砾石成份80%以上;盆地东部边缘在石包城乡地区,砾岩砾石成份以花岗岩、片岩和片麻岩等变质岩居多,夹杂少量硅质岩;盆地的沉降中心位于双泉井子附近,靠近阿尔金断裂一侧;石包城盆地古水流方向为北西和北北西方向,说明该地区地势自南东至北西方向逐渐降低,盆地南东方向应为隆起区;石包城盆地双泉井子以西物源区应为盆地南缘的大雪山等一系列山体,而东北部物源应来自石包城乡附近的山体。石包城盆地是阿尔金断裂带中主干断层与分枝断层联合作用形成的走滑分枝盆地,从上新世以来,盆地至今扩张量约为30～40 km。按相同的位移速率,本文估算了阿尔金主干断层石包城段自渐新世以来的走滑量,大约为218 km。  相似文献