上新世以来北京平原NBT1孔记录的地层沉积及构造指示     

赵勇  李瑞杰  杨誉博  王纯君  杨吉龙  王强  李莉 《地质学报》2023,97(2):553-564

磁性地层学结合宇宙成因核素、AMS 14 C测年为晚新生代可靠的长序地质年代框架建立提供了有效快捷手段。在北京平原东南部钻取的NBT1全取芯钻孔进行了详细的磁性地层学研究,400 m钻孔335 块样品识别出10个正极性和9个负极性时段,记录了布容(Brunhes)、松山(Matuyama)、高斯(Gauss)、吉尔伯特(Gilbert)极性时,孔底进入到4. 2 Ma的Gilbert负极性时。以岩性组合、26 Al/10 Be、AMS 14 C年代学为基础,结合测井沉积〖JP2〗相分析,判断钻孔上新世晚期地层底界位于319. 60 m,第四系下更新统、中更新统、上更新统底界分别位于214. 80 m、〖JP〗70. 60 m、59. 25 m。在上新世约4. 2~3. 5 Ma发育了6期明显的冲洪积扇的快速沉积过程,第四纪早更新世以曲流河沉积体系为主,中更新世以湖沼沉积为主,夹分支河道沉积,沉积厚度相对较薄,晚更新世以分支河道- 湖沼沉积为主,其顶部末次盛冰期浊黄橙色硬质黏土发育。钻孔包含了3个沉积速率较高（>150 m/Ma）的时期,分别为3. 58~3. 33 Ma、1. 945~1. 778 Ma和0. 126~0. 010 Ma,与上新世以来青藏高原隆升扩展及华北地区晚更新世构造活化在时间上具有一致性,揭示了华北地区的沉积构造演化对青藏高原隆升具有一定响应。  相似文献   

Pliocene‐Quaternary history of Futuna Island,south Vanuatu,southwest Pacific     

G. Neef  M. T. McCulloch 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(6):805-814

U‐series ages from thermal ionisation mass spectrometry are reported here for the raised coral reefs of Futuna Island, which lies adjacent to the eastern margin of the backarc Futuna Trough in south Vanuatu, southwest Pacific. U‐series ages from coral from the lowest raised reef indicate that its upper part is most likely to be ca 210 ka, whereas the most elevated raised reef has a likely age of ca 520 ka (range 600–440 ka). The inferred Pliocene‐Quaternary history for Futuna Island and the adjacent Futuna Trough is: (i) formation of the Pliocene—Early Quaternary basaltic‐andesite cone in a southeast part of the Vanuatu Island Arc; (ii) inception of the Futuna Trough (adjacent to the west margin of Futuna Island) since 1.8 Ma; (iii) subsequent uplift of the volcanic cone above sea‐level caused ～500 m of its upper part to be removed by marine erosion; (iv) the island then subsided and at least 160 m of limestone was deposited on the truncated cone; and (v) during the period 520 ka to ca 210 ka seven fringing reefs formed at the margin of the cone as the island was uplifted. Since ca 210 ka Futuna further subsided and, as a result, the post ca 210 ka history of the island is obscure.  相似文献   

Late Cenozoic geological development of the south Vøring margin,mid-Norway     

L. Rise  S. Chand  B.O. Hjelstuen  H. Haflidason  R. Bøe 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2010

Late Cenozoic seismic stratigraphy of the Vøring continental margin has been studied in detail, with emphasis on the geological development of the Naust Formation deposited during the last 3 million years. The Kai Formation (15–3 Ma) comprises mainly biogenic ooze deposited in the Møre and Vøring Basins. In Naust time, there was a marked increase in supply of sediments from the inner shelf areas and the western part of the Scandinavian mountain range, and glaciers expanded to the shelf and reached the shelf edge several times during the last 1.5–2 million years. During early to mid Naust time the shelf was widened by westerly prograding sediment units, but for a long period the shallowest part of the Helland-Hansen Arch (HHA) formed a barrier preventing glacially derived debris from being distributed farther west. West of the HHA, mainly stratified marine and glacimarine sediments were deposited. A substantial part of these sediments were transported by the north-flowing Norwegian Atlantic Current, which redistributed suspended particles from ice streams, rivers, coastal erosion and seabed winnowing. After burial of the crest of the HHA at c. 0.5 Ma, glacial debris and slide deposits were also deposited west of this high. In the north, massive units of glacial debris were distributed beyond the crest of the HHA, also in mid Naust time, thinning westwards and interfingering with fine-grained sediments on the lower slope. The Sklinnadjupet Slide, inferred to be c. 250,000 years old, corresponds in age with an earlier huge slide in the Storegga area. An elongated area of uneven seabed topography previously interpreted as diapirs (Vigrid diapirs) on the slope west of the HHA is shown to be formed by ooze eruption from the crest of the arch and submarine sliding.  相似文献   

西藏阿里札达盆地上新统鼠兔类牙齿化石的发现   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

孟宪刚  朱大岗  邵兆刚  杨朝斌  韩建恩  余佳  孟庆伟 《地质通报》2005,24(12):1175-1178

首次在西藏阿里札达盆地上新世河湖相沉积地层中发现了鼠兔类牙齿化石，对鼠兔类牙齿化石的基本特征进行了描述，并在同一层位中采集了大量孢粉、古动物和古植物化石。结合区域地质特征，产出鼠兔类牙齿化石地层的古地磁、ESR测年资料，沉积学特征等的简要分析，认为札达盆地鼠兔类的演化迁徙与上新世时气候由温暖湿润向寒冷潮湿-温和干旱的变化有关。显然，这一发现有助于认识青藏高原新近纪上新世的生物演化、气候变化和构造活动，并为研究青藏高原新近纪以来的生物进化、湖泊与河流演化、气候变化、古地理与古环境变迁和古近系、新近系、第四系地层划分等提供了新资料。  相似文献   

Key Late Cenozoic fluvial archives of eastern Europe: the Dniester, Dnieper, Don and Volga     

Andrei V. Matoshko 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2004,115(2):141-173

  相似文献   

中国陆相上新统麻则沟阶   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邓涛  侯素宽 《地层学杂志》2011,(3):237-249

年代地层单位麻则沟阶是中国上新统的两个阶之一,代表陆相上上新统,1999年由第二届全国地层委员会正式命名,对应于麻则沟期。"麻则沟"一名源自同名岩石地层单位麻则沟组,典型剖面位于山西省榆社县云簇镇赵庄—大马岚。麻则沟阶对应于"国际地层表"中的皮亚琴察阶,其共同的底界定义为古地磁Chron C2An.3n的底,即高斯正极性带的底,绝对年龄为3.6 Ma,这条界线在榆社赵庄剖面位于第6层麻则沟组下部的紫红色黏土层的中部,以张洼沟姬鼠(Apodemus zhangwagouensis)的首现为标志。麻则沟期与欧洲陆生哺乳动物分期的Villa-nyian早期或Villafranchian早期相当,包含1个哺乳动物群单位,即NMU13,可与欧洲的MN16对比。在榆社盆地发现的麻则沟动物群就相当于NMU13。在中国的上新世哺乳动物群中,甘肃灵台的任家沟动物群和雷家河V带动物群、河北阳原泥河湾的稻地动物群、陕西渭南的游河动物群、山西静乐的贺丰动物群、四川德格的汪布顶动物群也相当于NMU13。河北泥河湾的花豹沟剖面是麻则沟阶的辅助层型剖面。  相似文献   

CHARACTERISTICS OF ALKALINE VOLCANIC ROCKS OF PLIOCENE IN THE WESTERN PART OF HONGHE FAULT ZONE     

Wang Guozhi  Huang Yongjian  Ma Renze  Wang Chengshan WT  ”BX 《地学前缘》2000,(Z1)

CHARACTERISTICS OF ALKALINE VOLCANIC ROCKS OF PLIOCENE IN THE WESTERN PART OF HONGHE FAULT ZONE  相似文献   

中国第四纪地层   总被引：32，自引：0，他引：32  

刘嘉麒  刘强 《第四纪研究》2000,20(2):129-141

本文综述了中国第四纪沉积类型及第四系的划分,并与国际第四系划分进行了对比。指出中国第四纪沉积物分布广泛,种类繁多,以陆相沉积为主。按其成因主要有风成黄土堆积、河一湖相沉积、冲一洪积堆积、冰川沉积、洞穴堆积、风化壳残积（红土）、火山堆积和海相沉积等。各种沉积物都有很好的剖面,尤其是黄土和河一湖相沉积更为连续完整。按中国第四纪地层发育的实际情况,第四系的底界应置于松山一高斯极性转换界线（Ｍ／Ｇ,２．６ＭａＢ,Ｐ,）;第四系内部划分为更新统（Ｑ_ｐ）和１４新统（Ｑ_ｈ）,界线在１１０００ａＢ,Ｐ,。更新统进一步划分为下、中和上３个阶(Ｑ_ｐ１, Ｑ_ｐ２, Ｑ_ｐ３), Ｑ_ｐ２／Ｑ_ｐ１的界线为布容一松山极性转换界线（Ｂ／Ｍ; ０．７８ＭａＢ,Ｐ,）;Ｑ₍ｐ３_／Ｑ_ｐ２的界线为本次间冰期的起始时间（０．１２８ＭａＢ,Ｐ,）。  相似文献   

内蒙古格吉格音乌拉火山机构的岩石特征及时代     

张维杰  李述靖 《地质通报》1998,(4)

格吉格音乌拉火山机构主要由集块岩、角砾集块熔岩和碱性橄榄玄武岩组成。玄武岩中含有二辉橄榄岩包体,岩石属大陆内部碱性玄武岩系列。玄武岩层平覆于中新统通古尔组之上,是阿巴嘎玄武岩底部层位。玄武岩全岩钾—氩稀释法同位素年龄１２９９Ｍａ。综合分析认为：阿巴嘎玄武岩早期喷发活动最晚始于上新世。  相似文献   

新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠中两个钻孔的孢粉分析及其意义     

阎顺  许英勤 《新疆地质》1990,(4)

通过塔中1井和满西1井两个钻孔的孢粉特征.划分出7个组合带.上新世晚期.塔克拉玛干大部为草原和荒漠平原,河流沿岸生长着以榆为主的落叶阔叶林.第四纪以来气候干旱.北部以荒漠为主;南部以荒漠草原为主,平原河谷广泛分布着以扬、柳、榆为主的落叶阔叶林.根据古植被可以看出,上新古世有面积不大的沙漠出现,到第四纪北部沙漠发育,南部具阶段性发育.  相似文献