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在汪素云等利用全国地震台网资料所得结果的基础上, 补充了约5万条区域地震台网Pn波到时数据, 再次反演了中国及邻区Pn波速度横向变化和各向异性变化. 对比分析了研究区的地壳厚度分布、大地热流分布、新生代火山岩分布和高温、高压实验研究结果, 并探讨了中国及邻区Pn波速度结构的成因. 定量分析结果表明, Pn波速度与地壳厚度成正相关变化, 与大地热流成反相关变化. 根据Pn波速度随地壳厚度变化而估计的P波速度vP随压强p的变化率δvP/δp, 与(Matsushima和Akeni)由二辉橄榄岩包体的岩石实验所得结果非常接近. 在扣除了增厚地壳引起的压强增大对Pn波速度的可能影响后, 青藏高原地区的低Pn速度区更加显著. 低Pn速度区与新生代火山岩分布区有较好的一致性. 在几处波速各向异性显著的区域, 快波速方向与地壳最大主压应力方向和现代地壳运动方向一致, 可能与研究区上地幔顶部沿挤压方向的流动变形有关. 相似文献
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IntroductionInrecentyears,theresultsfromresearchesonwavevelocitystructureofuppermostmantleusingMohorefractionwavesindicatethattheclearlateralvelocityvariationandanisotropyexistintheuppermostmantle(Hearn,1996,1999;Mele,etal,1998;WANG,etal,2002).Astotheoriginofvelocitylateralvariation,thegeneralconsiderationisthatitmayberelatedtothemate-rialcomposition,pressureandtemperatureintheuppermostmantle(Hearn,1984,1999;Beghouletal,1993).Theseismicanisotropyoftheuppermostmantleisnowanestablishedfactan… 相似文献
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M. Sachpazi A. Galv M. Laigle A. Hirn E. Sokos A. Serpetsidaki J.-M. Marthelot J.M. Pi Alperin B. Zelt B. Taylor 《Tectonophysics》2007,440(1-4):53-65
In this paper we expand over the whole of central Greece, the Moho map centered on the Gulf of Corinth from tomographic inversion of PmP traveltime profile data recorded by several tens of temporary stations. Our approach is based on Pn, Moho refracted waves, from a large regional earthquake recorded by both temporary stations and the permanent Hellenic network. The Moho map shows the large Moho depth under the Hellenides belt. It also highlights the shallower Moho domain towards the Aegean Sea south and east of the Corinth Gulf. The domain of shallow Moho is limited along a NE–SW prolongation ahead of the North Anatolian Fault, from the North Aegean Trough to the western tip of the Gulf of Corinth towards the Gulf of Patras. The Pn time-terms provide corrections for the permanent stations that can be used together with the 1D velocity–depth model for a first-order compensation of lateral heterogeneity and contribute to the accurate and fast location of earthquake hypocenters. As a test we relocated the 1995 Aigion earthquake in this way, using only the sparse data of the permanent stations. Hypocentral coordinates then shift close to those derived by a dedicated dense array deployed after the earthquake, implying improvement of the routine location. 相似文献
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利用宽频带流动地震台阵GHENGIS和吉尔吉斯地震台网KNET记录的地震波走时数据，反演了中天山地区的Pn波速度结构和各向异性.结果表明，中天山上地幔顶部平均速度偏低，具有构造活动地区的特点和明显的横向非均匀性；中天山南部地幔上涌区的Pn波速度非常低，表明存在较高的热流活动.Pn波速度的变化与地震分布有着密切的对应关系：地震大都发生在中天山北部Pn波高速区上方，而南部的Pn波低速区上方几乎没有地震.这一现象说明地幔上涌引起高温极大地降低了岩石层地幔的强度，并以热传导的方式进入地壳使其失去地震破裂强度而发生韧性变形.中天山北部和南部的各向异性也存在一定的差异，南部各向异性的快波方向为近南北方向，与SKS波的各向异性特征基本一致，反映了地幔物质的迁移方向；北部各向异性的快波方向呈向南凸出的旋转趋势，估计与哈萨克地台南缘楚河盆地地壳块体向天山挤入造成应力场的改变和岩石层变形有关. 相似文献
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利用中国地震台网和ISC台站1980～2004年的地震数据，反演了南海东北部及其邻近地区的Pn波速度结构和各向异性.上地幔顶部的速度变化揭示出区域地质构造的深部特征：华南地区速度较高并且变化平缓，具有构造稳定地区的岩石层地幔特征；华南沿海尤其是滨海断裂带附近出现低速异常，表明该断裂可能穿过壳幔边界深达上地幔顶部.南海北部至台湾海峡较高的速度与华南地区类似，反映出大陆边缘和陆架地区的岩石层地幔性质；西沙海槽附近较高的速度不仅反映了华南大陆向南的延伸，而且与海槽裂谷拉张引起的地幔上拱有关，整个南海北部没有发现大规模地幔热流的活动痕迹.相比之下，南海东部次海盆的上地幔顶部存在明显的低速异常，对应于海底扩张中心的地幔上涌区，表明岩石层地幔强烈减薄甚至缺失；台湾东部－吕宋－菲律宾北部的低速异常与地震、火山活动以及岩浆作用紧密相关，揭示了西太平洋岛弧俯冲带的活动特征；南海东北部的洋－陆边界清晰，南海东部和菲律宾海西部较高的速度代表了海洋岩石层地幔的性质.Pn波各向异性反映出区域性构造应力状态及岩石层地幔的变形痕迹：华南地区的各向异性较小，说明这一构造稳定地区的岩石层地幔变形程度较弱；南海北部的快波方向与地壳浅表层构造的伸展方向一致，主要反映了中、新生代以来的大陆边缘张裂和剪切作用对岩石层地幔结构的影响；琉球－台湾－吕宋岛弧两侧各向异性十分强烈，平行于海沟的快波方向表明菲律宾海板块和欧亚大陆的相互作用导致俯冲板块前缘的岩石层地幔强烈变形；台湾东南海域快波方向的变化可能与欧亚大陆和菲律宾海板块俯冲机制的转换以及岩石层被撕裂有关. 相似文献
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Seismic anisotropy and velocity structure beneath the southern half of the Iberian Peninsula 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
I. Serrano T.M. Hearn J. Morales F. Torcal 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2005,150(4):28-330
Travel times of 11,612 Pn arrivals collected from 7675 earthquakes are inverted to image the uppermost mantle velocity and anisotropy structure beneath the southern half of the Iberian Peninsula and surrounding regions. Pn phases are routinely identified and picked for epicentral distances from 200 to 1200 km. The method used in this study allows simultaneous imaging of variations of Pn velocity and anisotropy. The results show an average uppermost mantle velocity beneath the study area of 8.0 km/s. The peninsular area covered by the Iberian massif is characterized by high Pn velocity, as expected in tectonically stable regions, indicating areas of the Hercynian belt that have not recently been reactivated. The margins of the Iberian Peninsula have undergone a great number of recent tectonic events and are characterized by a pronouncedly low Pn velocity, as is common in areas greatly affected by recent tectonic and magmatic activity. Our model indicates that the Betic crustal root might be underlined by a negative anomaly beneath the southeastern Iberian Peninsula. In the Atlantic Ocean, we find a sharp variation in the uppermost mantle velocities that coincides with the structural complexity of the European and African plate boundary in the Gulf of Cadiz. Our results show a very pronounced low-velocity anomaly offshore from Cape San Vicente whereas high velocities are distributed along the coast in the Gulf of Cadiz. In the Alboran Sea and northern Morocco, the direction of the fastest Pn velocity found is almost parallel to the Africa–Eurasia plate convergence vector (northwest–southeast) whereas to the north, this direction is almost parallel to the main trend of the Betic Cordillera, i.e. east–west in its central part and north–south in the curvature of the Arc of Gibraltar. This suggests that a significant portion of the uppermost mantle has been involved in the orogenic deformation that produced the arcuate structure of the Betic Cordillera. However, we assume that the Neogene extension had no major influence on a lithospheric scale in the Alboran Sea. Our results also show a quite complex pattern of anisotropy in the southwest Iberian lithospheric mantle since the relationship between the direction of fastest Pn velocity and major Hercynian tectonic trends cannot be directly established. 相似文献
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A. Rimi 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1999,88(3):458-466
Thermal and deep seismic soundings data are used to study the dependence between the compressional Pn velocity and the surface heat flow or the temperature at the Moho discontinuity in Morocco. This correlation indicates a
significant decrease in Pn velocity where high heat flow and Moho temperature are observed. This result is consistent with respect to other regions
of the world. Crustal heat generation models and geotherms are constructed for the major Moroccan geological domains extending
from the Precambrian units in the south to the Alpine units in the north. The crustal contribution in surface heat flow is
on average 35 mWm–2, with high values of 41–42 mWm–2 in the western and eastern Meseta where Hercynian granite intrusions could enrich the crust in radioactive heat sources.
High mantle heat flow values are obtained beneath the Alboran neogene basin (62 mWm–2), the Rif (47 mWm–2), the Middle Atlas (41 mWm–2), and the south Atlantic margin (40 mWm–2) where the crust is thinned by an extensional tectonic regime. Despite their similar formation context, the intra-continental
belts of the Middle and the High Atlas show different geothermal field components. A lithospheric heating process in the Middle
Atlas could be the result of a Plio-Quaternary basaltic volcanism. Finally, the Precambrian basement of the Anti-Atlas like
all the West African shield is a stable domain showing the lowest subsurface temperatures.
Received: 14 January 1998 / Accepted: 29 June 1999 相似文献