海口市空气污染特征分析及预报检验     

林建兴  邱明宇  蔡亲波  杨仁勇  郑艳  李云艳 《气象研究与应用》2007,28(2):49-53

利用海南省二次开发的CAPPS2.0模式,对2006年1月1日~2007年1月1日海口市逐日PM10、SO2、NO2污染浓度监测资料进行输出分析,得出海口市空气污染的变化特征。结果表明,污染物SO2和NO2的预报效果较好,而PM10预报效果较差。因此采用多元线性回归分析方法建立污染物浓度与气象要素的预报方程,并对PM10进行优化和校正,从而提高预报准确率。  相似文献   

基于可量测实景影像的空间信息服务   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17  

李德仁  胡庆武 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2007,32(5):377-383

讨论了面向第三代Internet和Web2．0模式下的空间信息服务需求，提出了空间信息服务的数字地球影像体系，并给出了一种可量测实景影像数据获取、组织管理以及与4D产品集成的技术途径。首次提出了可量测实景影像空间信息服务体系，对基于可量测实景影像的空间信息服务的前景进行了展望。  相似文献   

The astrometric observations of planetary satellites, close approaches and occultations of stars by asteroids and mutual events in the systems of planetary satellites with the 26-in. refractor of Pulkovo observatory in 1995-2006     

T.P. Kiseleva  I.S. Izmailov  A.A. Kiselev  E.V. Khrutskaya  M.Yu. Khovritchev 《Planetary and Space Science》2008,56(14):1908-1912

Astrometric and photometric observations of major planets, their satellites and asteroids have been made with the 26-in. refractor of the Pulkovo observatory during the period from 1995 to 2006. The CCD (ST6) and photographic observations were carried out. Accurate relative position of satellites of Jupiter and Saturn have been derived. The positions of Saturn have been calculated using the theoretically predicted coordinates of satellites relative to the planet without measurements of the photographic images of the planet. Also the observations of Hale-Bopp comet and Mercury transit have been made. The 26-in. refractor has been included into the international campaign PHEMU-2003: photometric CCD observations of mutual occultations and eclipses of Galilean satellites. The light curves of the events have been obtained and parameters of the events have been determined.  相似文献   

气候变化综合评估模型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张雪芹  葛全胜 《地理科学进展》1999,18(1):60-67

本文概述了气候变化综合评估模型（IAM）的定义、组成、特点及应用。IAM可视为一种促进人类更好地理解气候变化问题的工具,它为研究者和决策者提供了一种十分有益的关注环境问题的框架或方法论。  相似文献   

A new VLBI observation of an OH maser in a post-asymptotic giant branch star using the European VLBI Network     

Yu Zhi-yao 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,299(2):389-391

OH 17.7 − 2.0 is a post-asymptotic giant branch star that is of great interest. The 1612-MHz OH emission from OH 17.7 − 2.0 is characterized by a double-peaked spectrum. Such a line profile has been assumed to represent maser emission from an expanding circumstellar shell. A new VLBI observation of the OH maser in OH 17.7 − 2.0 has been made using the European VLBI Network, and a relative position map of the eight OH maser spots has been obtained. Using the relative position map, it is found that the eight OH maser spots are distributed on an expanding circumstellar shell. The parameters of the expanding circumstellar shell have been obtained.  相似文献   

GTSPP资料在BCC海洋资料同化系统中的同化效果分析          下载免费PDF全文

武丰民  张祖强  肖贤俊  何金海  刘怀明 《大气科学学报》2014,37(1):38-46

介绍了国家气候中心第二代海洋资料同化系统(BCC_GODAS2.0)所用的模式和同化方案,并设计了两个试验对同化系统的效果和稳定性进行检验:一个是加入GTSPP资料的1990—2008年19 a的同化试验,另一个是同时段内不加任何资料的模拟试验。利用OISST和SODA(Simple Ocean Data Assimilation)数据集对试验结果进行评估。评估结果表明,加入GTSPP资料的同化结果可以有效改进原模式对温度和盐度的模拟。在表层,整个海洋的温度和盐度场误差都有所减小,其中热带太平洋的改进效果最为明显;此外,同化结果能更好地反映Nino3和Nino4区海表温度的时间演变。垂直层次上的修正效果也很明显,在200 m左右的混合层效果改进最好,温度的均方根误差可减小1.5℃,盐度的均方根误差可减小0.6 psu。  相似文献   

Simulated effects of cropland expansion on seasonal temperatures over China     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2015

Human activities result in deforestation, expansion of cropland, grassland degradation, urbanization and other large-scale land use/cover change; among these, cropland expansion is one of the most important processes. To understand the effects of cropland expansion on seasonal temperatures over China, two 21-year simulations (spanning January 1, 1980–December 31, 2000), using the Regional Integrated Environmental Model System (RIEMS 2.0), were performed. The two simulations comprised current realistic land use/cover patterns and the previous vegetation cover without crop expansion, to investigate the impact of crop expansion on seasonal temperatures over China. The results showed that due to cropland expansion: (1) the most obvious changes occurred in the maximum temperatures, followed by the mean surface air temperatures, and the minimum temperatures were the least affected; (2) the summer mean maximum temperatures decreased in most parts of eastern China, and the temperatures changed significantly in most parts of northeast China, north China and central China (p < 0.05); (3) the surface air temperatures, maximum temperatures and minimum temperatures in summer decreased in the different regions by between −0.03 and −0.76 °C (the greatest temperature changes occurred in southwest China, and the smallest were in northeast China); (4) the net radiation flux and latent heat flux increased, while the sensible flux decreased, when semi-desert vegetation was replaced by dry land crops, in both summer and winter seasons, and the converse occurred when irrigated crops were replaced by dry land crops. In addition, the net radiation flux and sensible heat flux decreased, and the latent heat flux increased when short grass and tall grass were replaced dry land crops, as well as when dry land crops were replaced by irrigated crops.  相似文献   

Conservation and development 2.0: Intensifications and disjunctures in the politics of online ‘do-good’ platforms     

《Geoforum》2017

An increasing amount of interactive ‘2.0’ crowdsourcing platforms raise awareness and funds for conservation and development projects worldwide. By enabling two-way online collaboration and communication, these ‘conservation and development 2.0’ platforms hoped to provide new impetus and popular legitimacy for conservation and development initiatives in the face of budget cuts and general criticism of the ‘formal’ aid sector after the financial crisis. This paper presents the case of the flagship ‘elephant corridor’ project on the Dutch pifworld.com platform to investigate whether and how the ‘2.0’ element has changed conservation and development in line with these expectations. The paper describes and analyses online and offline dynamics of the project and shows that while online excitement about the project remained high, the concomitant conservation and development promises and imaginations ill related to offline local realities. This rather ‘traditional’ conservation and development disjuncture, however, needs to be understood against the system peculiarities of the politics of online ‘do-good’ 2.0 platforms. The paper concludes that as these peculiarities are significantly intensifying and changing conservation and development dynamics, they do not elude familiar (1.0) disjunctures and might even obscure these further from sight.  相似文献   

Influence of offshore topography on the amplification of infragravity oscillations within a harbor     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

The main purpose of this article is to systematically investigate the influence of offshore fringing reef topography on the infragravity-period harbor oscillations. The infragravity (IG) period oscillations inside an elongated harbor induced by normally-incident bichromatic wave groups are simulated using a fully nonlinear Boussinesq model, FUNWAVE 2.0. Based on an IG wave decomposition method, effects of plane reef-face slopes, reef-face profile shapes and the existence of reef ridge on bound and free IG waves and their relative components inside the harbor are comprehensively studied. For the given harbor and reef ridge, the range of the reef-face slopes and the various profile shapes studied in this paper, results show that the amplitude of the free IG waves inside the harbor increases with the increasing of the reef-face slope; while the bound IG waves inside the harbor seem insensitive to it. The effects of the profile shapes on the IG period waves inside the harbor are closely related to the width of the reef face. The existence of the reef ridge can relieve the bound IG waves to some extent when the incident short wave amplitudes are relatively large, while its effects on the free IG waves are negligible.  相似文献   

全球升温1.5℃和2.0℃情景下澜沧江流域极端降水的变化特征     

丁凯熙  张利平  佘敦先  张琴  向竣文 《气候变化研究进展》2020,16(4):466-479

澜沧江是我国为数不多的跨境河流,流域内多发暴雨、洪水灾害,因此定量、科学地评估澜沧江流域未来全球升温情景下极端降水的变化特征,能够为澜沧江-湄公河沿线国家共同管理流域水资源和抵御自然灾害提供一定的科学指导。文中基于部门间影响模式比较计划（ISI-MIP）下5个全球气候模式降水数据,通过偏差校正增强其在澜沧江流域极端降水的模拟能力,使用降水强度、日最大降水量和强降水量等9个指标评价未来全球升温1.5℃和2.0℃下澜沧江流域极端降水的变化情况,并对结果的不确定性和可信度进行研究,得出以下主要结论：随着全球温度的升高,澜沧江流域年降水和极端降水均呈现增大趋势,其中极强降水量（R99p）升幅最大,升温1.5℃和2.0℃下升幅分别为37%和75%;相对于基准期,全球升温2.0℃下各极端降水指数增幅明显大于升温1.5℃,前者升幅甚至超出后者一倍;未来全球升温情景下,澜沧江流域湿季会变得更湿润,而干季则会更干燥;澜沧江流域降水集中程度会增大,使得流域内洪涝灾害发生的风险增大;ISI-MIP气候模式对澜沧江流域未来极端降水模拟存在较大不确定性,升温2.0℃较升温1.5℃情景下不确定性更大,但相对于基准期,前者极端降水增大的可信度更高。  相似文献