Effects of heavy metal (Pb) concentration on some growth parameters of plants grown in lead polluted soil under organic fertilizer amendment     

Ojo M. Oseni  Adekunle A. Adelusi  Esther O. Da  Abdulfatai B. Rufai 《寒旱区科学》2016,8(1):36-45

This study investigated morphological variation and biomass accumulation that occurred in Sida acuta and Chromolaena odorata plants grown in lead polluted soil under organic fertilizer amendment. The study was carried out in the screen house at the Biological Gardens of the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State. The experiment was a factorial combination of one heavy metal (Pb) at five levels of concentration (0, 200, 400, 800 and 1,000 mg/kg) in a completely randomized design, and were replicated three times for each of the two plants and two levels (0 g/kg and 9.4 g/kg) of organic fertilizer (OBD-Plus). Each pot was filled with 5 kg of air-dried and sieved soil and placed on a plastic tray for the collection of excess water. Two weeks after planting, seedlings of uniform height were transplanted from the nursery to experimental pots at the rate of one seedling per pot and grown for 10 weeks. The growth parameters of the plants were biomonitored for 7 weeks. After 10 weeks of treatment, the plants were harvested and dried to calculate the biomass accumulation. The two plant species performed better under fertilizer application than without it. For each of the plant species the growth parameters decreased as the levels of Pb concentration increased. Furthermore, the plants' biomass decreased significantly (p<0.05) as the levels of Pb concentration increased. The organic fertilizer helped to improve the plants' performance in lead-polluted soil.  相似文献   

Effects of metals and sediment particle size on the species composition of the epifauna of Pinna bicolor near a lead smelter,Spencer Gulf,South Australia     

Trevor J. Ward  Peter C. Young 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1984,18(1):79-95

Pinna bicolor (Mollusca: Pelecypoda) were transplanted between four sites near a lead smelter. The species composition of their epifauna (sessile and mobile) was examined in relation to characteristics of both sediments and seston at the sites. Seventy-two taxa were distinguished in the epifaunal community. Substantial differences were found in the short-term sensitivity of some of the species to concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn in sediments and to sediment particle size. The short-term sensitivity of many species to metals or sediment particle size explained their long-term distribution pattern. Twenty-three taxa were identified as significantly characterizing the faunal differences. Of these, eleven (four molluscs, four bryozoans, two barnacles and one ascidian) were affected by both sediment metal concentration and particle size, and eight (four molluscs, one bryozoan, one polychaete, one hydroid and one barnacle) were affected by metal contamination but not particle size. Of all fauna examined, the Bryozoa were the most metal-sensitive. Four species, Smittina raigii (Bryozoa), Galeolaria sp. 1 (Polychaeta), Epopella simplex (Cirripedia) and Monia ione (Pelecypoda) were identified by their short- and long-term sensitivity to metal contamination, and absence of sensitivity to sediment particle size, as suitable species for monitoring the effects of metal contamination on the epifauna. The implications of the results for toxicity-testing are discussed.  相似文献   

Physico-chemical Speciation of Lead in South San Francisco Bay     

P.B. Kozelka  S. Sañudo-Wilhelmy  A.R. Flegal  K.W. Bruland 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1997,44(6):649-658

The speciation of lead at a site in the South San Francisco Bay was determined using a combination of physical size fractionation and electrochemical analyses. The ‘ total dissolvable ’ Pb was 8·1 nM from analysis of an acidified unfiltered sample. The ‘ dissolved ’ Pb was equal to 0·20 nM (41 ng l⁻¹), only 2·5% of the ‘ total dissolvable ’ Pb. The difference yielded the ‘ particulate ’ Pb equal to 7·9 nM (1·6 μg l⁻¹). Results from crossflow ultrafiltration indicated that almost all (0·19 nM) of the dissolved Pb was ‘ in solution ’ [<10K nominal molecular weight (MW)] and that colloidal Pb (10K MW to 0·2 μm)accounted for onlyc. 1% of the dissolved Pb at this station. This small concentration (0·01 nM) of colloidal Pb may be attributed to the low amount of organic carbon associated with colloid size fraction as determined by dissolved organic carbon analyses.The chemical speciation of lead was determined in the dissolved sample and ultrafiltered sub-sample. Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) on a thin mercury film (TMF) rotating glassy carbon disk electrode (RGCDE) was used to distinguish the kinetically labile inorganic species (Pb′) from the Pb-chelated by organic ligands (PbL_i). Lead titration results were similar for both samples revealing that Pb′, PbL_iand excess unbound ligands were present primarily in the ultrafiltrate, rather than in the colloidal phase. The titration data can be interpreted as dissolved Pb being influenced by two classes of Pb-binding ligands. In the dissolved sample, the concentration of the stronger class of ligands was [L₁]=0·89±0·35 nM, with a conditional stability constant ofK^cond_L1,Pb′=3±1×10¹⁰M⁻¹. The weaker class was [L₂]=12·8±1·9 nM, withK^cond_L1,Pb′=4±1×10⁸ M⁻¹. The presence of these ligands, in excess of the dissolved Pb, resulted in [Pb′]=7±2 pM and [Pb²⁺]=0·3 pM (62 pg l⁻¹). While less than 2·4% of the ambient Pb was ‘ in solution ’, it existed chiefly in the form of organic complexes with [PbL₁]=0·15 nM and [PbL₂]=0·03 nM. More significantly, there were large concentrations of unchelated Pb-binding ligands, (L_i′), available to buffer the free Pb²⁺concentration in the event of perturbations in dissolved Pb.  相似文献   

氢化物原子荧光光度法测定地球化学样品中的微量铅     

韦德平 《国土资源》1992,(4)

拟定了用铅空心阴极灯为激发光源,氢化物原子荧光光度法测定地球化学样品中微量铅的方法。在2％HCl-0.08％K_3[Fe(CN)_6]-2％KBH_4体系中,铅的测定灵敏度有明显地提高。该方法操作简便、快速、准确,检出限为8.89×10~(-9)g/ml,精密度为4.12％(n=11)。  相似文献   

高级变质作用对锆石U-Pb同位素体系的影响:胶东栖霞地区变质闪长岩锆石定年   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

万渝生  刘敦一  董春艳  刘守偈  王世进  杨恩秀 《地学前缘》2011,18(2):17-25

文中对高级变质作用(高角闪岩相-麻粒岩相)条件下"干的"岩石体系中锆石U、Th、Ph行为进行了研究.样品为胶东栖霞地区太古宙变质基底的高角闪岩相-麻粒岩相变质闪长岩.矿物组合为单斜辉石+斜长石+钾长石+黑云母+石英.锆石呈近短轴状、等轴状和不规则状,阴极发光下具板状、杉树叶状、扇形结构,部分具封闭环带结构.锆石中存在斜...  相似文献   

微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定茶园土壤中的铅   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

凤海元  时晓露  黄勤 《岩矿测试》2013,32(1):53-57

样品用王水微波消解浸提,氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定茶园土壤中痕量铅的含量。对样品浸取方法、实验条件、增感剂和共存元素进行了条件实验。结果表明,王水微波消解浸取,铅浸出量最大,减少了试剂用量和环境污染;铁氰化钾-盐酸羟胺体系有显著的增感作用,铁氰化钾在配制溶液时用米糠除去试剂中可能存在的铅,降低了空白;钴、锌、砷、镉等共存离子不干扰铅的测定,通过加入邻菲啰啉-硫氰酸钠消除铁和铜的干扰,提高了铅的回收率。方法检出限为0.65 μg/L,精密度(RSD,n=10)为1.89%,回收率在86.8%~110.4%之间。用土壤标准物质验证,测定值与标准值相符,方法快速准确,适合于大批量样品的分析检测。  相似文献   

留书塘铅锌矿矿床特征及资源量预测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蔡新华  陈民苏  张厚宏  龙国中 《地质与勘探》2005,41(5):5-9

文章简要阐述了留书塘铅锌矿主矿体的特征,并将留书塘主矿体与桃林铅锌矿上塘冲、银孔山矿体特征进行了详细对比,认为特征极为相似.在此基础上,用类比法对主矿体的深部远景进行了预测,认为远景巨大.同时,对矿区及其外围的资源评价提出了有益的建议.  相似文献   

河南省华北陆块南缘铅金成矿系统   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

王长明  邓军  张寿庭  燕长海 《地质找矿论丛》2005,20(3):170-175

华北陆块南缘是我国重要的多金属成矿带之一,可划分为两个成矿集中区:小秦岭-熊耳山金成矿带和栾川陆缘凹陷钼、钨、铅、锌成矿带.在其演化过程中形成不同的成矿系统,与铅成矿带有关的成矿系统为中新元古代拉张构造体制被动陆缘成矿系统:MVT型铅锌成矿系列和Sedex型铅锌成矿系列;中生代陆内碰撞成矿系统:与岩浆岩有关的热液充填交代型铅锌成矿系列.与金成矿带有关的成矿系统为古元古代古陆核边缘成矿系统:小秦岭石英脉型金矿成矿系列;中新元古代拉张构造体制被动陆缘成矿系统:熊耳山蚀变岩型金矿成矿系列.  相似文献   

Mineralogical and Geochemical Constraints on the Genesis of the Carbonate‐Hosted Jebel Ghozlane Pb–Zn Deposit (Nappe Zone,Northern Tunisia)     

Nejib Jemmali  Fouad Souissi  Emmanuel John M. Carranza  Torsten W. Vennemann 《Resource Geology》2013,63(1):27-41

The Pb–Zn deposit at Jebel Ghozlane, in the Nappe zone (northern Tunisia), is hosted by Triassic dolostones and Eocene limestones and is located along faults and a thrust‐sheet boundary. The sulfide mineralization of the deposit consists mainly of galena and sphalerite and occurs as vein, stockwork, breccia, dissemination and replacement ores. Three hydrothermal stages are involved in the formation of the ores: stage I is dominated by celestite‐barite, hydrothermal dolomite DII, colloform sphalerite, and galena I; stage II consist of galena II; and stage III contains calcite. Galena in the deposit yielded average ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios of 18.705, 15.667 and 38.734, respectively, suggesting a single upper crustal source reservoir for metals. Trace element data indicate the presence of Zn‐ and As‐free galena and As‐rich galena (with 0.2–0.5% As). Sphalerite contains 0.4% As, 0.7–0.9% Cd and 0.1–1.5% Fe. Microthermometric analysis of fluid inclusions in celestite shows that the deposit formed from fluids composed of heterogeneous mixtures of saline (19.5 ± 1 wt% NaCl eq.) aqueous solutions sourced from basinal brines, and gaseous CO₂‐rich phases bearing low amounts of CH₄, N₂ and/or H₂S, at temperatures of 172 ± 5°C.  相似文献   

Geology and age of the Glikson impact structure,Western Australia     

F. A. Macdonald  M. T. D. Wingate  K. Mitchell 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(4-5):641-651

The Glikson structure is an aeromagnetic and structural anomaly located in the Little Sandy Desert of Western Australia (23°59'S, 121°34′E). Shatter cones and planar microstructures in quartz grains are present in a highly deformed central region, suggesting an impact origin. Circumferential shortening folds and chaotically disposed bedding define a 19 km-diameter area of deformation. Glikson is located in the northwestern Officer Basin in otherwise nearly flat-lying sandstone, siltstone and conglomerate of the Neoproterozoic Mundadjini Formation, intruded by dolerite sills. The structure would not have been detected if not for its strong ring-shaped aeromagnetic anomaly, which has a 10 km inner diameter and a 14 km outer diameter. We interpret the circular magnetic signature as the product of truncation and folding of mafic sills into a ring syncline. The sills most likely correlate with dolerites that intrude the Boondawari Formation ～25 km to the north, for which we report a SHRIMP U?–?Pb baddeleyite and zircon age of 508?±?5 Ma, providing a precise older limit for the impact event that formed the Glikson structure.  相似文献