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51.
通过对台湾东北部古海湾及周边356个海底表层沉积样品的粒度分析及碎屑矿物分析,揭示了古海湾及周边陆架自末次盛冰期以来的沉积环境演变特征,并分析了古海湾的成因。结果表明,该古海湾及周边海域沉积环境的演变可划分为3个阶段:(1)末次盛冰期,浊流、滑坡事件在海湾边缘及陆架边缘频繁发生,可携带大量的陆源碎屑物质输运至古海湾内(B-3),下蚀其海床及下伏地层,并塑造了作为浊流通道的两个砾石条带,在B-3内部保留分选差、改造弱的沉积物。在此期间,潮流、波浪和跨陆架流在东亚冬季风的影响下严重侵蚀B-3的湾口及湾缘,并沉积大量的砂、石英及低含量的生物碎屑物质,石英/长石比值也较高;(2)末次冰消期,随着海平面的阶段性上升,古海岸线向陆大幅迁移,导致浊流强度减弱,潮流逐渐成为陆架区主要的作用营力,相关的潮流底应力可改造陆架沉积物,此时期,西部陆架含砾砂-砾质砂区(B-1)和北部陆架含砾砂-含砾泥质砂区(B-2)的地势差异及其所影响的水平海侵速度和潮波强度的差异是造就两者沉积组分、类型、石英、长石、岩屑和生物碎屑的含量及石英/长石比值差异的主因;(3)高水位时期,黑潮强度在本区增强,除侵蚀B-1底床,黑潮底层流也对B区的浅水地带进行冲刷,加之台湾暖流及沿岸流、长江冲淡水对该区的影响较小,使得B区细粒沉积物质含量较低,A区(北部陆架含砾泥质砂沉积区)细粒沉积广布,除与弱潮流作用相关外,弱的底层流的影响也是原因之一,同时来自台湾暖流可能携带部分细粒沉积物在此卸载。对于古海湾的成因而言,末次盛冰期频繁的浊流是将前更新世时期受湾内断裂作用而形成的半地堑地貌的海湾雏形进一步塑造成深凹地貌的主因,它进一步加剧了其深凹的地貌,在后期的冰消期和高水位时期,潮波系统及黑潮逐渐强盛,阻止了细粒沉积物的输入,保留了古海湾的深凹地貌。 相似文献
52.
The characteristics of currents and tidal currents in the Andaman Sea(AS) are studied during the second half of2016 using observed data from a moored acoustic Doppler current profiler(ADCP) deployed at 8.6°N, 95.6°E.During the observation period, the mean flow is 5–10 cm/s and largely southward. The root mean square and kinetic energies of the low and high frequency flows, which are divided by a cutoff period of 5 d, are at the same level, indicating their identical importance to the total current. A power spectrum analysis shows that intraseasonal oscillations, a tidal-related semilunar month signal, a semidiurnal tidal signal and periods of 3–4 d are prominent. The barocliny of an eddy kinetic energy is stronger than the mean kinetic energy, both of which are the strongest on the bottom and the weakest at 70 m depth. Residual currents are largely southward(northward) during the summer(winter) monsoon season. Two striking peaks of the southward flow cause the 80 d period of meridional currents. The first peak is part of a large-scale circulation, which enters the AS through the northern channel and exits through the southern channel, and the second peak is part of a local vortex. The 40 d oscillation of the zonal current is forced by geostrophic variations attributed to local and equatorial remote forcing. The tidal current is dominated by semidiurnal constituents, and among these, M2 and N2 are the top two largest major axes. Moreover, astronomical tidal constituents MM and MSF are also significant. Diurnal constituents are weak and shallow water tides are ignorable. The aims are to introduce the new current data observed in the AS and to provide initial insights for the tidal and residual currents in the Andaman Sea. 相似文献
53.
Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar(SAR) oil spill detection parameters conformity coefficient(μ), Muller matrix parameters(|C|, B_0), the eigenvalues of simplified coherency matrix(λ_(nos)) and the influence of SAR observing parameters, ocean environment and noise level are investigated. Radarsat-2 data are used to make systematic analysis of polarimetric parameters for different incidences, wind speeds, noise levels and the ocean phenomena(oil slick and look likes). The influence of the SAR observing parameters, the ocean environment and the noise level on the typical polarimetric SAR parameter conformity coefficient has been analyzed. The results indicate that conformity coefficient cannot be simply used for oil spill detection, which represents the image signal to the noise level to some extent. When the signals are below the noise level for the oil slick and the look likes, the conformity coefficients are negative; while the signals above the noise level corresponds to positive conformity coefficients. For dark patches(low wind and biogenic slick) with the signal below the noise,polarization features such as conformity coefficient cannot separate them with oil slick. For the signal above the noise, the oil slick, the look likes(low wind and biogenic slick) and clean sea all have positive conformity coefficients, among which, the oil slick has the smallest conformity coefficient, the look likes the second, and the clean sea the largest value. For polarimetric SAR data oil spill detection, the noise plays a significant role. So the polarimetric SAR data oil spill detection should be carried out on the basis of noise consideration. 相似文献
54.
风尘石英在物源示踪和古气候研究中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
系统总结了近几十年来应用风尘石英的物理和化学特性(如粒度、形貌特征、电子自旋共振(ESR)信号强度、结晶度指数(CI)、含量和通量,以及δ~(18)O等)进行物源和古气候示踪等方面的研究进展,并分析了其中存在的问题。结果表明石英的这些指标具有稳定性,可以指示物源和古气候变化,对目前研究提出的问题和建议也对今后用风尘石英指示古气候变化的研究有重要的借鉴意义。 相似文献
55.
文章用文献计量与科学知识图谱方法呈现海洋药物研究态势与热点,旨在为海洋药物研究提供参考。本文以SCIE(Science Citation Index Expanded)为数据源,以1980～2017年海洋药物领域论文为研究对象,采用文献计量与知识图谱可视化分析方法,结合Excel、VOSviewer软件,对论文年代分布、研究机构、期刊、作者、高被引论文及研究热点进行分析。结果表明,海洋药物研究的热点方向为海洋天然产物、抗菌活性、细胞毒性、海绵等,应重点关注海洋天然产物及其抗菌药理作用的研究。世界范围内关于海洋药物研究的论文数量呈逐年上升趋势,美国在该领域研究占据绝对优势,其发文量、总被引和H指数均占绝对地位。该领域主要发文期刊为《Marine Drugs》、《Journalof Natural Products》。发文机构中中国科学院位列世界第一,但整体论文质量欠佳,中国在该领域研究水平有待加强,论文影响力仍需提高。 相似文献
56.
A 43 cm long E271 sediment core collected near the East Pacific Rise(EPR) at 13°N were studied to investigate the origin of smectite for understanding better the geochemical behavior of hydrothermal material after deposition.E271 sediments are typical metalliferous sediments. After removal of organic matter, carbonate, biogenic opal,and Fe-Mn oxide by a series of chemical procedures, clay minerals(2 μm) were investigated by X-ray diffraction,chemical analysis and Si isotope analysis. Due to the influence of seafloor hydrothermal activity and close to continent, the sources of clay minerals are complex. Illite, chlorite and kaolinite are suggested to be transported from either North or Central America by rivers or winds, but smectite is authigenic. It is enriched in iron, and its contents are highest in clay minerals. Data show that smectite is most likely formed by the reaction of hydrothermal Fe-oxyhydroxide with silica and seawater in metalliferous sediments. The Si that participates in this reaction may be derived from siliceous microfossils(diatoms or radiolarians), hydrothermal fluids, or detrital mineral phases. And their δ30 Si values are higher than those of authigenic smectites, which implies that a Si isotope fractionation occurs during the formation because of the selective absorption of light Si isotopes onto Feoxyhydroxides. Sm/Fe mass ratios(a proxy for overall REE/Fe ratio) in E271 clay minerals are lower than those in metalliferous sediments, as well as distal hydrothermal plume particles and terrigenous clay minerals. This result suggests that some REE are lost during the smectite formation, perhaps because their large ionic radii of REE scavenged by Fe-oxyhydroxides preclude substitution in either tetrahedral or octahedral lattice sites of this mineral structure, which decreases the value of metalliferous sediments as a potential resource for REE. 相似文献
57.
本文描述了于1959年采自中国黄海和东海锥头虫科刺尖锥虫属一新种——中国刺尖锥虫Leodamas sinensis sp.nov.。本文详细描述了该物种的形态特征及与近似种的区别，并编制了刺尖锥虫属Leodamas Kinberg，1866物种检索表。 相似文献
58.
基于NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析了近60年来南半球300hPa风暴路径的变化趋势。研究发现,1956—2015年期间,南半球风暴路径出现了较为明显的增强趋势,尤其是在中高纬地区最为显著。通过构造的风暴路径边界指数,发现南半球风暴路径的北界和南界分别存在向赤道和向极的扩张趋势,其中以南界向极偏移趋势最为明显,整个南半球风暴活动带变得更加宽阔和靠近极地。作为风暴路径获取能量的主要来源,背景场西风急流以及下垫面海表面温度的变化对其强弱和位置变化有显著影响,南半球西风急流南强北弱和海表面温度南冷北暖的变化趋势,是南半球风暴路径增强和扩张的重要原因。 相似文献
59.
通过收集和整理了下扬子区120条上奥陶统剖面的综合地层资料,并基于统一的生物带序列对其进行地层划分和对比.进而在统一的时间框架下,针对每一个笔石带,圈定各岩石地层单元的分布范围,勾勒海陆边界,重建下扬子区奥陶纪晚期的古地理格局.结果表明,晚奥陶世凯迪晚期开始,随着"江南古陆"抬升并露出水面,其影响范围自南向北不断扩展,逐步截断了江南斜坡带和上、下扬子区,使得华南奥陶纪凯迪中期之前长期存在的"台-坡-盆"古地理格局消失.这一事件造成奥陶纪晚期"江南古陆"两侧的沉积分异,其西侧江西武宁、修水地区由斜坡相转变为台地相,沉积了与上扬子台地基本类似的五峰组-新开岭层的连续地层序列;而"江南古陆"东侧则转变为西、南较浅,向东北方向变深的新的古地理格局,沉积了从浅水台地相到较深水斜坡相的多种巨厚、近陆源的岩石地层组合.这一事件同时还封闭了上扬子海盆的东南出口,使其形成了半封闭和局限滞留的沉积环境,为奥陶纪末高有机质黑色页岩的发育创造了条件.下扬子区奥陶纪晚期一系列古地理格局变化的主控因素前后不同,在凯迪晚期,其东、西两侧沉积分异主要受到华南区域性构造运动——广西运动的影响;而在赫南特期,各个沉积相区水体普遍变浅,则主要受控于冈瓦纳冰川凝聚事件导致的全球性海平面下降. 相似文献
60.
以鸭绿江流域为尺度,对鸭绿江流域上中下游水沙数据进行综合性分析。结果显示:鸭绿江流域径流量中游比上游年径流量增加一倍左右,下游比上游的年径流量增加倍数为一个数量级以上;大部分年份下游的年输沙量小于上游;随着中下游水利工程等人类活动的加剧,鸭绿江下游径流量和输沙量都有阶段性的减少,年际径流量和年际输沙量差异幅度逐渐增大,且输沙量减小的幅度和年际差异幅度比径流量更大,尤其是自20世纪60年代中期以来人类活动对输沙量影响比较显著。结合ENSO事件特征,指出气候变化引起的降雨量的减少是直接影响流域径流量减少的主要原因,也一定程度上造成了流域输沙量的减少。 相似文献