The Bangudae Petroglyph in Ulsan, Korea: studies on weathering damage and risk prognosis     

B. Fitzner  K. Heinrichs  D. La Bouchardiere 《Environmental Geology》2004,46(3-4):504-526

The prehistoric Bangudae Petroglyph in the Ulsan area represents an outstanding National Treasure of the Republic of Korea. Since the construction of the Sayeon dam, the petroglyph with about two hundred carvings is periodically submerged by the Sayeon reservoir. The danger of increasing damage has resulted in intensive efforts to protect this cultural heritage. Diagnosis and risk prognosis studies were carried out. Results of petrographical studies, monument mapping and in situ measurements are presented. Types, degree and zonation of damage are evaluated. The risk estimation derived from the studies confirms the necessity of preservation measures.  相似文献   

Risk analysis of industrial structures under extreme transient loads     

D. G. Talaslidis  G. D. Manolis  E. Paraskevopoulos  C. Panagiotopoulos  N. Pelekasis  J. A. Tsamopoulos   《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2004,24(6):921

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中国西南地区地震活动数值模拟的初步研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈化然  张杰卿  董洪军  马宏生 《地震工程学报》2002,24(4):310-314

初步建立了西南地区有限元动力学模型。讨论了由于地震发生产生的应力变化对西南地区整个系统的应力调整情况，初步结果表明，许多强震发生在应力增强区。  相似文献   

强震活动有限元模型研究及其初步应用--以西南地区为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈化然  蒋淳  王俊国  李轶群  刘杰  李丽  马宏生 《中国地震》2002,18(3):249-258

在强震成组孕育与群体活动研究的基础上，本文基于有限元方法，初步建立了西南地区有限元动力学模型，并讨论了因发生地震而产生的应力变化对整个西南地区的应力调整情况。初步结果表明，许多强震均发生在应力增强区。因此，强震活动有限元模型的建立对判定未来强震危险区有一定作用。  相似文献   

基于灾害风险管理的震害防御业务体系架构建立     

黎益仕  林碧苍  陈华静  卢海燕  王秀  赵凤新  吴健  张令心  占伟伟 《震灾防御技术》2021,16(1):186-192

随着我国经济社会的发展，震害防御业务内涵与外延不断演化发展。按照新时代防灾减灾救灾基本要求，首先阐述震害防御业务发展历程，遵循风险管理原则给出地震灾害风险基本概念；然后基于灾害风险管理过程，重构震害防御业务流程，运用系统分析方法对震害防御业务组成元素进行分析；最后在聚类分析的基础上，建立以地震灾害风险调查、评估、防治与应对为基础序列的震害防御业务体系架构，给出组成震害防御业务体系的23项基本业务及121个组成元素，为震害防御工作管理与标准化提供参考。  相似文献   

Towards an integrated management framework for emerging disaster risks in Japan   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Saburo Ikeda  Teruko Sato  Teruki Fukuzono 《Natural Hazards》2008,44(2):267-280

An integrated framework for disaster risk management is presented to cope with the risk of low-probability high-consequence (LPHC) disasters in urban communities. Since the 2000 Tokai flood in Japan, there has been a shift in the management strategy from disaster prevention with a presumed zero risk to disaster reduction with an acceptable risk. The framework consists of: (i) integration of a different categories of risk reduction options in terms of structural and nonstructural measures, regulation and market-oriented measures, (ii) strengthening of the capacity of local communities to make their own management choices for LPHC-type disaster risks, and (iii) promoting the participation of stakeholders throughout the entire cycle of risk management. The interdisciplinary framework is discussed with reference to lessons learned from two recent major flood disasters (the 2000 Tokai flood and the 2004 Niigata flood). To implement the goals of the integrated framework, a participatory platform for disaster risk communication called “Pafrics” has been developed. Preliminary results of the pilot study of participation and risk communication supported by Pafrics are presented.  相似文献   

Why are flood and landslide victims less willing to take mitigation measures than the public?     

Shuyeu Lin  Daigee Shaw  Ming-Chou Ho 《Natural Hazards》2008,44(2):305-314

Almost annually, natural hazards such as floods and landslides cause a great deal of financial loss and human suffering in Taiwan. In order to gain a better understanding of disaster preparedness, this paper examines several factors in relation to hazard mitigation behavior: social economic status (education, income), psychological vulnerability (sense of powerless and helpless), risk perception (perceived impact and control) and social trust. The statistical analysis reported here is based on the “2004 National Risk Perception Survey of Floods and Landslides in Taiwan”. The main findings include: (1) in comparison with general public, victims are less willing to adopt risk mitigation measures than the public, even though they perceive larger impacts, worry more about the hazard, and pay more attention to hazard information; (2) trust, risk perception and social economic status are positive predictors for mitigation intentions, whereas psychological vulnerability is a negative predictor; and (3) psychological variables are stronger predictors for mitigation intentions than that of socio-economic variables. In light of these findings, the policy implications and intervention strategy are also discussed.

Shuyeu LinEmail:

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Drought risk assessment in the western part of Bangladesh   总被引：14，自引：8，他引：6  

Shamsuddin Shahid  Houshang Behrawan 《Natural Hazards》2008,46(3):391-413

Though drought is a recurrent phenomenon in Bangladesh, very little attention has been so far paid to the mitigation and preparedness of droughts. This article presents a method for spatial assessment of drought risk in Bangladesh. A conceptual framework, which emphasizes the combined role of hazard and vulnerability in defining risk, is used for the study. Standardized precipitation index method in a GIS environment is used to map the spatial extents of drought hazards in different time steps. The key social and physical factors that define drought vulnerability in the context of Bangladesh are identified and corresponding thematic maps in district level are prepared. Composite drought vulnerability map is developed through the integration of those thematic maps. The risk is computed as the product of the hazard and vulnerability. The result shows that droughts pose highest risk to the northern and northwestern districts of Bangladesh.  相似文献   

Debris-flow risk analysis in south Gargano watersheds (Southern-Italy)   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Francesco Gentile  Tiziana Bisantino  Giuliana Trisorio Liuzzi 《Natural Hazards》2008,44(1):1-17

This article describes a methodology to analyse debris-flow risk in the torrential watersheds of the southern hillside of Gargano (Puglia—Italy). The approach integrates a stability model that identifies the areas of potential shallow landslides in different meteorological conditions with a two-dimensional flood routing model that allows hazard mapping and GIS interface. The results were combined with a susceptibility map that was defined by analyzing the vulnerability conditions and the exposure of the alluvial fan. The models were calibrated on the 1972, July catastrophic event for which the distribution of rainstorm intensity was available. The geo-mechanical properties of the debris were studied by field surveys and laboratory tests while the sediment source areas and the shape of the alluvial cone were obtained using photo-aerial interpretation. The risk conditions of the areas under consideration were also investigated in order to plan and guide measures aimed at limiting the damage such hazards may cause.  相似文献   

Post-Bam earthquake: recovery and reconstruction   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Mohsen Ghafory-Ashtiany  Mahmood Hosseini 《Natural Hazards》2008,44(2):229-241

This paper gives a brief explanation of the earthquake in Bam. It also reports on the rescue and relief operations, including the construction of emergency shelters and temporary housing, and on the country’s plan for the reconstruction of the city, which includes debris removal, the rebuilding of rural and urban residential and commercial units, the reconstruction of state and public buildings and public facilities such as schools, rural and urban water aqueducts and grids, the construction of a sewage system, power network and telecommunication system, the provision of water to orchards and farmlands, the renovation of industries and the revival of the cultural heritage, particularly the historical Bam citadel, among others. We also report briefly on the effect of the Bam earthquake on the Iran Earthquake Risk Reduction Strategy and actions.

Mohsen Ghafory-AshtianyEmail:

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