煤矿塌方地震资料的初步分析     

张昭栋  靖继才  张广城 《高原地震》1993,(2)

本文对矿区塌方地质构造的分析表明,矿井塌方地震与矿区的局部地质构造有密切的关系。通过对山东陶压煤矿塌方地震资料的初步分析表明,在较大的塌方地震发生之前,有以下异常出现:小塌方地震次数增多,∑N——t曲线、∑E~(1/2)—t曲线、∑L—t曲线及N_o—∑△t曲线急剧变化。这些异常变化一般出现在较大塌方地震前12——70天。依此有可能对较大塌方地震做出预报。  相似文献   

Engineering approach to interpretation of oedometer tests performed on collapsible soils     

Y. M. Reznik 《Engineering Geology》2000,57(3-4):205-213

Two mathematical models were selected for describing soil collapsibility. The elastic behavior of quasi-uniform materials was utilized for modeling one-dimensional compression of ‘dry’ soil specimens. Water-saturated soil specimens were modeled as elastic materials where deformation properties ‘improve’ during stress increase. Two simple formulas are offered for the interpretation of the double oedometer tests. The validity of these formulas derived within the common stress domain was demonstrated. The analytical expressions derived from the double oedometer tests may be utilized in the interpretation of the single oedometer tests. The effectiveness of the suggested method in the interpretation of single oedometer test was illustrated using the test results published in the literature.  相似文献   

山东省崩塌、滑坡、泥石流灾害发育现状与趋势分析          下载免费PDF全文

常允新  宋长斌  冯在敏  魏嘉 《山东国土资源》2000,(4)

山东省崩塌、滑坡、泥石流灾害具区域分布相对集中 ,形成条件大致相近 ,周期性变化规律。其诱发因素主要是地震和降雨。本文采用统计法和标准点密度法对灾害的时空分布特征作了分析 ,并根据地质背景条件及气象周期、地震活动规律预测了灾害的多发部位和多发时段  相似文献   

武陵源风景区地质灾害类型及其成因分析     

曾玉清  邱业惠 《湖南地质》2000,19(3):191-194,208

本文以武陵源风景区石英砂岩峰林中崩塌、滑坡地质灾害为主要研究对象,分析了不同崩塌、滑坡体的成因及分布规律,以供旅游减灾防借鉴参考。  相似文献   

汶川地震在甘肃省的次生典型边坡灾害特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

邢爱国  吴志坚  陈龙珠  车爱兰  王兰民 《地震工程学报》2010,32(1):95-98

汶川大地震时在甘肃省南部山区造成了大量的边坡灾害。本文对调查区公路沿线典型次生边坡灾害的类型、特征及发展趋势进行了研究,同时对一特大型黄土滑坡的现状进行了初步分析。针对调查过程中发现的问题提出了相应的建议。  相似文献   

Voluminous lava flows at Oldoinyo Lengai in 2006: chronology of events and insights into the shallow magmatic system     

Matthieu Kervyn  Gerald G. J. Ernst  Jurgis Klaudius  Jörg Keller  François Kervyn  Hannes B. Mattsson  Frederic Belton  Evelyne Mbede  Patric Jacobs 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2008,70(9):1069-1086

The largest natrocarbonatite lava flow eruption ever documented at Oldoinyo Lengai, NW Tanzania, occurred from March 25 to April 5, 2006, in two main phases. It was associated with hornito collapse, rapid extrusion of lava covering a third of the crater and emplacement of a 3-km long compound rubbly pahoehoe to blocky aa-like flow on the W flank. The eruption was followed by rapid enlargement of a pit crater. The erupted natrocarbonatite lava has high silica content (3% SiO₂). The eruption chronology is reconstructed from eyewitness and news media reports and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite data, which provide the most reliable evidence to constrain the eruption’s onset and variations in activity. The eruption products were mapped in the field and the total erupted lava volume estimated at 9.2 ± 3.0 × 10⁵ m³. The event chronology and field evidence are consistent with vent construct instability causing magma mixing and rapid extrusion from shallow reservoirs. It provides new insights into and highlights the evolution of the shallow magmatic system at this unique natrocarbonatite volcano.  相似文献   

区域地质灾害风险评估模型的初建——以广州市崩塌灾害为例     

谢久兵  朱照宇  周厚云  欧阳婷萍 《热带地理》2006,26(2):114-118

地质灾害的研究必须基于其自然和社会经济的双重属性特征,并把它作为一项系统工程来研究;风险评估是这系统工程中不可或缺的重中之重内容,也是新世纪地质灾害防灾减灾领域的前沿和热点.鉴于地质灾害风险评估研究现状,初步探讨了区域地质灾害风险评估模型的构建,即基于格网单元的地质灾害危险性评价、基于行政单元的社会经济易损性评价和基于危险度和易损度乘积的区域风险评估.同时以广州市崩塌灾害为例,采用该模型进行评估并取得了良好的效果.  相似文献   

Joint earthquake,wave and current action on the pile group cable-stayed bridge tower foundation: An experimental study     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

Sea-crossing cable-stayed bridges located in areas of active seismicity are generally subjected to earthquakes, waves, current and other dynamic loads of potential threat during their service period. The pile group foundation, which is composed of bored piles and elevated pile caps, has been applied widely for pylons to ensure the stability of cable-stayed bridge towers. Owing to its large dimensions, complexity and marked three-dimensional characteristics, it is difficult to model the precise dynamic response of the pile group pylon foundation under the joint action of various dynamic loads by means of existing theory. In this paper, an experimental study is presented for a 1/100 scale dynamic test model of a bridge tower with a grouped pile foundation. The model was designed according to elasticity-gravity similarity laws and tested using the Earthquake, Wave and Current Joint Simulation System. The structural response of the bridge tower in air and water conditions with and without incident sine waves and current was investigated. The test results may be used for engineering practice and further research.  相似文献   

黑方台地区崩塌灾害发育类型和发育机制分析          下载免费PDF全文

韩剑波  杨飞 《山东国土资源》2018,34(3)

以甘肃省永靖县黑方台地区实地调查为基础,通过野外勘察黄土崩塌变形破坏特征及总结地质现象,并结合数据统计分析进行研究,得出黑方台地区崩塌地质灾害的分布特点,并且发现凸型和阶梯型坡面更容易发生崩塌灾害。崩塌发育因素可分为2方面,一方面是自然因素,包括地形地貌,地层构造和水文地质条件;另一方面是人为因素,主要是人类工程活动。天然条件下,斜坡在自重或其他因素作用下,后缘黄土垂直节理或裂隙受拉张作用力开始破裂,并向深部扩展,随着水流下渗,逐渐形成贯通面,潜在崩塌体中心外移,最终形成崩塌。黑方台地区崩塌灾害按崩塌物质成分分为黄土崩塌和基岩崩塌2类,按崩塌发生的主控因素分为自然型崩塌、人为型崩塌和人为—自然复合型崩塌3类,而大量的节理裂隙发育是发生崩塌灾害的内在因素。通过野外调查,根据动力形成机制分析,在自然因素和人为因素影响下,将黑方台地区崩塌形成方式分为4种,并阐述其发育机制。  相似文献   

波浪作用下粘质粉砂底床性态变化的试验研究     

许国辉  常瑞芳  李安龙  胡光海 《海洋科学进展》2000,18(1):19-26

利用不同波高条件下的波浪水槽试验,对现行黄河水下三角洲粘质粉砂底床的性态变化进行了研究.试验中观测了底床土体孔隙水压力的变化和扰动破坏区与未扰动破坏区之间在波浪作用下的性态差异.结果分析表明,土体孔隙水压力受波高要素影响较大;扰动破坏区含水量减小和容重增加现象比未扰动破坏区明显.在扰动破坏区经波浪长时间作用后形成凹坑塌陷,此结果对认识黄河三角洲上凹坑塌陷的形成过程有借鉴意义.  相似文献