不同水力负荷的垂直流湿地对生活污水处理效果研究   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

张黎 《气象与环境学报》2008,24(6):67-71

以沈阳浑南垂直流人工湿地模拟系统为研究对象,考察了湿地模拟系统对生活污水的处理效果,重点研究了不同水力负荷的影响。结果表明,垂直流湿地模拟系统对生活污水具有较好的处理效果,出水NH₄⁺-N、TP、COD_Cr和BOD₅均达到了《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）一级A 标准;水力负荷为0.156 t/m²•d时,是垂直流湿地模拟系统运行的最佳负荷。  相似文献   

云南新平药用蛇纹石矿物学及医疗机理分析     

石能学  李旭俊  段永莉 《云南地质》2011,30(1):89-91

新平蛇纹石是近年才开发的矿物药,因其具有特殊TO型三八面体层状结构及5类活性基因,而能吸附、过滤、分解氟化合物,成为预防、治疗地氟病的重要药源。  相似文献   

鹰厦铁路K339滑坡区工程地质特征及治理          下载免费PDF全文

雷能忠  钟瑜隆  陈三姗 《地质找矿论丛》2015,30(4):630-635

文章在对鹰厦铁路K339滑坡区进行工程地质勘察基础上,详细描述了滑坡形态、地形地貌、岩土类型与地层岩性、岩土力学性质、水文地质等工程地质特征,并对滑坡形成条件与成因进行探讨。选择了5个剖面,采用传递系数法计算了正常工况和暴雨条件下的滑坡推力,其值均大于零,滑坡处于不稳定状态;针对滑坡体的特征,提出了滑坡防治的工程措施和施工注意事项。  相似文献   

华蓥市矿山地质环境问题影响评估及治理建议     

申健  李巧刚  杨少华  王惠芬  刘晓晓 《城市地质》2015,(Z2):89-93

本文在四川省华蓥市资源枯竭城市矿山地质环境实地调查及矿山地质环境问题综合分析的基础上,建立了多因子、分层次的综合评价模型,对各评估指标体系、权重进行了分析研究,定量地评价出华蓥市矿山地质环境影响程度。评估结果显示,华蓥市矿山地质环境影响严重与较严重分别占38%与49%,区内矿山地质环境问题十分突出。结合华蓥市矿山地质环境问题影响特点与经济发展需要,确定需要开展重点治理的区域,提出了矿山地质环境治理建议。  相似文献   

O3处理时间与粗饲料纤维性物质成分变化关系的研究     

胡民强  黄冠庆  王润莲  黄晓亮 《广东海洋大学学报》2002,22(1):40-44

将稻秆、麦秆、棉秆 3种粗饲料切成 4cm长 ,水分含量调节到 3 0 % ,用臭氧 (O3)处理 3 0 ,60和90min ,对照组不进行O3处理 ,以比较O3处理对 3种粗饲料纤维性物质成分变化的影响。结果表明 :O3处理能显著降低粗饲料纤维性物质成分含量 ,处理的时间越长 ,降低越多 ,60min前的降幅大于 60min以后的降幅。ADL含量高的粗饲料 ,经O3处理后降幅大。O3处理粗饲料 ,能降低纤维性物质成分含量 ,改善粗饲料的品质 ,提高其利用率  相似文献   

污水处理系统中活性污泥细菌多样性研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姜昕  马鸣超  李俊  鲁安怀  钟佐燊 《地学前缘》2008,15(6)

采用分子生物学手段16S rDNA克隆文库方法对北京高碑店污水处理厂回流污泥中的细菌进行了多样性研究。结果表明,活性污泥系统中细菌群落具有高度多样性,所有克隆子分属5个不同的细菌类群,优势细菌类群为变形菌(proteobacteria),占克隆文库的76.7%;细菌类群优势依次为β-变形菌类群(β-proteobac-teria,占39.8%)、不可培养菌类群(uncultured bacteria,占22.33%)、γ-变形菌类群(γ-proteobacteria,占20.15%)、α-变形菌类群(α-proteobacteria,占6.79%)和δ-变形菌类群(δ-proteobacteria,占4.85%);活性污泥中起硝化作用的主要是亚硝化单胞菌(Nitrosomonas sp.,占1.94%)和硝化螺旋菌(uncultured Nitrospirae bacterium,占11.65%),由于这2种硝化菌自身生长缓慢,难以与异养细菌竞争,以致其在文库中的比例较低;而作为反硝化细菌的陶厄氏菌属在文库中的比例却高达27.18%,可见该活性污泥具有较强的反硝化能力;克隆文库中还发现了少量的玫瑰单胞菌属(占4.85%),推测它的存在和有机磷的降解有关。  相似文献   

Analysis on the bacterial diversity of active sludge in wastewater treatment plant     

JIANG Cuan MA Ming-Chao LI Dun LU An-Fu ZHONG Zuo-Shen 《地学前缘》2008,15(6):163

  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal variability in faunal assemblages surrounding the discharge of secondary treated sewage   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

R.J. Wear  J.E. Tanner   《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,73(3-4):630-638

Macrofaunal assemblages inhabiting the intertidal zone surrounding an input of secondary treated effluent were sampled in order to determine how the pollution impact varied temporally and spatially. Assemblages varied along the pollution gradient formed by the Bolivar Wastewater Treatment Plant outfall in Gulf St Vincent, South Australia. While the abundance of some species did not vary, the abundance of juvenile western king prawns (Melicertus latisulcatus) and blue crabs (Portunus pelagicus) progressively decreased with proximity to the outfall. Species richness and diversity also decreased towards the outfall. An increase in nutrient content in the water adjacent to the outfall is likely to explain these changes. At distances of 4 and 5 km away, species diversity increased and the abundance of M. latisulcatus decreased, possibly due to a change in habitat from sand to seagrass. The occurrence of a storm prior to sampling on one occasion masked the effects of pollution and habitat changes. The results of this study suggest that the disposal of treated effluent into Gulf St Vincent is having a localised effect on the faunal assemblages surrounding the discharge point.  相似文献   

Optimisation of the Operation of an Electrochemical Process To Treat TBT‐contaminated Sediments on a Pilot Scale     

Eduardo Arevalo  Arne Keller  Heinz Stichnothe  Wolfgang Calmano 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2004,32(6):401-410

Since at least three decades tributyltin had been commonly used in paint formulations to protect ship hulls and submersed surfaces from fouling. This has resulted in negative and Technology, effects to the marine environment due to its high toxicity towards non‐target organisms and to its accumulation in sediments, especially near point sources of pollution. Even if a ban of TBT for its application in anti‐fouling paints is enforced the problem of TBT‐contaminated sediments will remain for the coming years due to the low degradation rates of organotin in sediments. In this work an electrochemical process at a pilot scale to destroy TBT in sediments was investigated. Previous experiences at a laboratory and technical scale have demonstrated the potential of this process to electrolytically degrade organotin species in sediments. This article deals with the optimisation of the pilot plant performance in terms of organotin degradation and operation costs monitoring additionally the effect of the electrochemical treatment on other pollutants such as heavy metals, PCBs, and PAHs. The aim was to investigate by means of a parametric study the range of operating conditions required to destroy TBT down to concentrations lower than 100 μg/kg; to determine the influence of those parameters on the performance of the process; and to evaluate the operation costs associated to the process. It was determined that it was possible to destroy TBT down to 100 μg/kg at current densities in the range of 4.4 to 6.6 mA/cm² and chloride concentrations of least of 0.2 mol/L with operation costs of 13 to 18 EUR/m³.  相似文献   

Development of Easy and Reproducible Immobilization Techniques Using TiO2 for Photocatalytic Degradation of Aquatic Pollutants     

Tusnelda E. Doll  Fritz H. Frimmel 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2004,32(3):201-213

Two main routes of methods for the preparation of photocatalytic active titanium dioxide films on glass substrates were investigated: (1) the use of titanium dioxide powder and (2) the in situ generation of the catalyst via hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) or TiCl₄. The activities of the catalyst films were evaluated by measuring the degradation of dichloroacetic acid (DCA), clofibric acid, and terbuthylazine used as model organic compounds. The concentration decrease of DCA and the concentration increase of chloride ions as the decomposition product allowed to distinguish between photocatalytic degradation of DCA and adsorption onto the TiO₂ films. Furthermore, TiO₂ films of the commercially available materials P25 (Degussa) and Hombikat UV100 (Sachtleben Chemie) were used to investigate whether there was a difference in the degradation pathways of terbuthylazine as a model compound. For the experiments mini flow‐through reactors were constructed. The investigated immobilization techniques were easy to handle without need of any expensive equipment. All TiO₂ coatings showed good photocatalytic activities and mechanical stabilities with efficient long‐term stabilities. The best immobilization reproducibility was achieved by the spray coating technique and by the in situ method with the dipping sol‐gel process starting by TTIP. During the continuous use of the TiO₂ films no TiO₂ particles were found in the irradiated solutions.  相似文献