Temporal variability of dimethylsulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate in the Sargasso Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

John W. H. Dacey  Frances A. Howse  Anthony F. Michaels  Stuart G. Wakeham 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》1998,45(12):2085-2104

Vertical profiles of dimethylsulfide (DMS) and β-dimethylsulfoniopropionate, particulate (pDMSP) and dissolved (dDMSP), were measured biweekly in the upper 140 m of the Sargasso Sea (32°10′N, 64°30′W) during 1992 and 1993. DMS and pDMSP showed strong, but different, seasonal patterns; no distinct intra-annual pattern was observed for dDMSP. During winter, concentrations of DMS were generally less than 1 nmol l⁻¹ at all depths, dDMSP was less than 3 nmol l⁻¹ and pDMSP was less than 8 nmol l⁻¹. In spring, concentrations of both dDMSP and pDMSP rose, on a few occasions up to 20 nmol l⁻¹ in the dissolved pool and up to 27 nmol l⁻¹ in the particulate pool. These increases, due to blooms of DMSP-containing phytoplankton, resulted in only minor increases in DMS concentrations (up to 4 nmol l⁻¹). Throughout the summer, the concentrations of DMS continued to increase, reaching a maximum in August of 12 nmol l⁻¹ (at 30 m depth). There was no concomitant summer increase in dDMSP or pDMSP. The differences among the seasonal patterns of DMS, dDMSP, and pDMSP suggest that the physical and biological processes involved in the cycling of DMS change with the seasons. There is a correlation between the concentration of DMS and temperature in this data set, as required by some of the climate feedback models that have been suggested for DMS. A full understanding of the underlying processes controlling DMS is required to determine if the temperature-DMS pattern is of significance in the context of global climate change.  相似文献   

A kinetic study of copper cementation with zinc in aqueous solutions     

Nizamettin Demirkıran  Ahmet EkmekyaparAsım Künkül  Ahmet Baysar 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2007

Cementation of copper from zinc containing copper solutions using metallic zinc was studied in this work. The effect of copper, zinc and ammonium chloride concentration, stirring speed, pH and temperature on the cementation of copper was determined. Cementation rate increased with initial copper concentration, stirring speed and temperature. pH variation from 1 to 4 increased the cementation rate but at higher pH, the rate was not significantly effected. The cementation rate of copper increased with Zn²⁺ ion concentration. However, the rate of this rise was slightly less compared to the rise that occurred in the Zn²⁺ ions free copper solution.  相似文献   

岩溶交代—充填型矿床铅锌品位分维及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汪劲草  汤静如  彭恩生 《矿产与地质》2001,15(1):11-14

利用分形理论研究了江永岩溶交代－充填型矿床铅锌品位的分形结构特征，结果表明铅，锌品位分布具有自相似性，矿床成因类型与成矿构造类型分别是影响品位分维D值大小的主，次因素，分维D值在一定程度上为解决矿床地质问题提供了某些定量信息。  相似文献   

锌还原法测定天然水,包裹体及矿物结构水中氘     

涂袁生  王平 《华东地质学院学报》1989,12(4):1-6

本文介绍了天然水、包裏体及矿物结构水中D/H比值的分析方法。该法使水通过加热了的金属锌发生定量还原,产生氢气。其真空系统及氢的收集达到了制样要求,分析結果在允许误差范围内。文中详细介绍了方法的实验技术过程。  相似文献   

Characterization of groundwater contamination using factor analysis   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

C. Subbarao  N. V. Subbarao  S. N. Chandu 《Environmental Geology》1996,28(4):175-180

 The effluent contamination of groundwater at two industrial sites at Visakhapatnam, India, was studied using factor analysis. Thirty groundwater samples near a zinc smelter plant and 19 from the polymers plant were analyzed for specific conductance, chloride, bicarbonate, sulfate, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium. The data were subjected to R-mode factor analysis and the factor scores transferred to areal maps. While magnesium and sulfate are the dominant contaminants at the zinc site, sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate from the effluent are affecting groundwater in the polymers area. Contour maps for each factor suggest the areal extension of the contaminants. Received: 1 March 1995 · Accepted: 18 September 1995  相似文献   

图们江口水中Zn,Cd,Pb,Cu的形式分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张首临  李泽林 《海洋科学》1992,16(5):47-50

本文用防吸附物理涂汞电极反问极谱对图们江口、东海及日本海水中Zn,Cd,Pb,Cu进行了形式分析,其不稳定态的平均浓度分别为5.9,0.071,0.039,0.69ug/L(占总量的15～27％),分布较为均匀,证实了痕量金属离子(自由离子及不稳定络离子的均匀分布规律。有机结合态Zn,Cd及Pb(10～30％)和颗粒态Zn,Cu和Cu(15～40％)的较高含量位于长江口、东海及图们江口。  相似文献   

Availability of cadmium and zinc from sewage sludge to the flounder, Platichthys flesus, via a marine food chain     

M. Galay Burgos  P. S. Rainbow 《Marine environmental research》2001,51(5)

This paper examines the potential availability to a demersal fish of cadmium and zinc associated with digested sewage sludge, via a food chain as well as directly from the sludge, and the tissue distribution and possible excretion of any accumulated cadmium and zinc. Radioactive tracer techniques were used in order to follow the food chain transfer of the metals. Flounder (Platichthys flesus) accumulated cadmium both directly from sludge (delivered in newly ingested unassimilated gutfuls in the amphipods) and in assimilated form from the tissues of the amphipod crustacean Corophium volutator that had been feeding on a sludge–sediment mixture. Cadmium from both sources could be excreted by the fish. The concentration of cadmium within the whole fish increased as the input of cadmium in the diet increased. Zinc, similarly, is available to the flounder both directly from sludge and from zinc accumulated in C. volutator. Only a limited increase in net accumulation of zinc by the flounder was observed upon increased inputs of zinc through the diet, perhaps indicating some regulation of body zinc concentration by the flounder.  相似文献   

Inhibitory effects of divalent metal ions on liver microsomal 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity of leaping mullet     

Azra Bozcaarmutlu  Emel Arin 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):521

The purpose of the present study was to elucidate in vitro effects of Hg²⁺, Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺ and Cd²⁺ on cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) dependent EROD activities in leaping mullet liver microsomes. Fish captured from the most polluted part of Izmir Bay, had highly elevated EROD activities, and induced CYP1A1 protein levels as determined by Western blotting. Although all of the metal ions caused inhibition of the initial velocity of the reaction, Hg²⁺ and Cd²⁺ exhibited much higher inhibitory effect at lower concentrations and they were evidently more potent inhibitors than others. The inhibitor concentration giving 50% inhibition (IC₅₀ values) of Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Hg²⁺ of initial EROD activity were 107, 16, 1.3 and 0.15 micromolar, respectively. Glutathione (GSH) at 0.5 mM final concentration, completely reversed Ni²⁺ and Cd²⁺ inhibition of EROD activity indicating the protective action of GSH.  相似文献   

Chemical speciation of copper and zinc in surface waters of the western Black Sea     

Franois L. L. Muller  Sergei B. Gulin  shild Kalvy 《Marine Chemistry》2001,76(4):62

The chemical speciation of Cu and Zn was investigated by voltammetric titration methods in the surface waters (10 m) of the western Black Sea during an Istanbul–Sevastopol cruise conducted in November 1998. Supporting parameters (temperature (T), salinity (S), pH, alkalinity (Alk), suspended particulate matter (SPM) and dissolved and particulate ²³⁴Th) were obtained in order to distinguish hydrographic features against involvement of the metals in biogeochemical processes. In the Turkish continental slope region, the cruise track intersected a narrow vein of colder water originating on the western shelf. The core of this cold water vein was characterised by a relatively low salinity, higher specific alkalinity and higher metal (especially Cu) and metal-binding ligand concentrations.A very large portion of Cu (93–99.8%) and Zn (82–97%) was organically complexed. The degree of complexation was highest in shelf waters and lowest in the central gyre. Titration data for Cu were modelled by two classes of organic binding ligands characterised by (C_L1=3–12 nM, log K₁′=13.1–13.9) and (C_L2=20–70 nM, log K₂′=9.4–11.2). These ligands occurred mainly in the ‘dissolved’ phase, as defined by 0.4-μm filtration. The stronger Cu-binding ligand seemed to be produced in situ in response to Cu concentration, whereas the weaker Cu-binding ligand appeared to be derived from terrestrial sources and/or reducing shelf sediments. Titration results for Zn were generally represented by one class of ligands (C_L1=8–23 nM, log K₁′=9.4–10.2), which were almost uniformly distributed between the ‘dissolved’ (78±8%) and the particulate phase (22±8%). The concentration of these strong Zn-binding ligands showed a very good correlation with SPM (r²=0.64), which improved when the dissolved ligands alone were considered (r²=0.78). It is hypothesised that these ligands were produced in situ by the bacterial breakdown of particulate organic matter.  相似文献   

热液矿床中锌的迁移、沉淀机制综述          下载免费PDF全文

陈贤  刘家军  张德会  陶银龙 《高校地质学报》2014,20(3):388

硅酸盐熔体体系中,锌主要赋存于熔体相,部分以类质同象的形式进入铁、镁硅酸盐及铁的氧化物中;流体/熔体相分 离时,锌优先进入流体相;卤水/气相分离时,锌优先进入卤水相;成矿过程中,锌主要进入液相流体中迁移。在热液环境 下, ZnCl2 - nn （0≤n≤4） 络合物是迁移锌的最重要形式,其次游离Zn2+,Zn2+-SO2 -4 络合物,Zn2+OH-络合物,在一定条件下对锌的运移也非常重要,但能与锌络合的其它潜在无机配体,如HS-,CO32-,NH3,F-,Br-, S2 -x 及S2O2 - 3 等,则意义不大。富有机质低温（<200℃） 条件下,部分有机质对锌的迁移也具有重要作用,如,羧酸、氨基酸及腐殖酸,其中羧酸意义最大。在Zn成矿过程中,岩浆-热液Zn矿床矿化可划分为三个阶段,早期岩浆房去气阶段,期后热液阶段,以及晚期岩浆房去气阶段。层控Zn矿床流体主要为盆地卤水,矿化机制主要为伸展背景下的海底热液对流,或者挤压环境下,构造挤压与重力的联合驱动,促使流体向盆地边缘迁移成矿。锌矿物的沉淀主要受热液组成、温度、压力、pH以及Eh等因素控制,地质过程中,围岩蚀变、沸腾作用以及流体混合作用等宏观过程促使上述物理化学因素发生变化,从而制约着锌的沉淀。  相似文献