油页岩开发地下水资源影响预测与评价     

胡婧敏  周丽梅  张振权 《吉林地质》2005,24(3):32-38,43

以吉林省汪清县罗子沟油页岩开发为实例．根据参数的确定、地下水资源的估算、坑道排水量的计算、矿坑排水最大水位降的预测．对矿坑排水量进行评价,再运用地下水资源补给模数、潜水调节量及疏干体积法验证排水量的计算．从而达到研究油页岩的开发对地下水资源的影响和评价的目的。  相似文献   

Mitigation of levee failures using deep mixed columns and geosynthetics     

《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2013,8(1):49-55

Stability of levees is critical to the safety of human and structures, especially at high water levels. Levees may fail due to the existence of soft soil foundations or seepage of water through the levees or rapid drawdown. Deep mixing technology has been considered one of the good alternatives to solve foundation and seepage problems while geosynthetics can be used to stabilize slopes during rapid drawdown. Studies have shown that deep mixed columns and geosynthetics can increase the stability of highway embankments over soft soils. In those studies, however, no ponding water exists on either side of the embankment, which is not the case for levees. Experimental studies have shown that deep mixed columns under a combination of vertical and horizontal force could fail due to shear or tension/bending or rotation. A finite difference method, incorporated in the FLAC (Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua) Slope software, and a limit equilibrium method (specifically Bishop's method), incorporated in the ReSSA software, were adopted in this study to investigate the stability of the levee with ponding water or under rapid drawdown. In this study, deep mixed columns were installed in continuous wall patterns, which were modeled as 2D deep mixed walls. Geosynthetic layers were modeled using cable elements with grout properties between geosynthetic and soil in the numerical analysis. Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria were used for the levee, the soft soil, and the deep mixed walls. The stability of a levee at different stages (end of construction, average service condition, high water surge, and rapid drawdown from the service condition and the highest water level condition) was examined. The study clearly demonstrated that the deep mixed walls can enhance the stability of the levee by providing shear/moment resistance and hindering seepage through the levee and geosynthetics can enhance the riverside slope stability of the levee by providing tensile resistance to the soil.  相似文献   

Quantification by numerical simulation of the impact of gullies on the water budget of a basement area,southeastern Brazil     

Péterson Gonçalves de Lima  Flávio Nasser Drumond 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(12):1804-1816

ABSTRACT

Many regions of the world are affected by high density of large gullies that can impact on water resources. As these impacts have not been properly evaluated, this study presents a quantification model by numerical simulation of the effect of gullying on the water budget. An active gully of a very eroded region (Bação Complex) was selected and systematically monitored during a hydrological year. The simulation of the gully area by finite element method enabled the quantification of impacts, such as baseflow reduction and groundwater drawdown in the vicinity of this erosional feature. The baseflow reduction, when extrapolated to the whole complex, showed a significant baseflow loss during the dry seasons and an increase of stream flows during the rainy seasons, favouring floods. The numerical simulation results indicate that these modifications are relevant and must be considered when managing aquifers in intensely gullied areas with problems related to water availability.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地都思兔河流域白垩系含水层特征及供水前景分析     

姜军  徐永  马媛 《西安地质学院学报》2012,(1):47-54

在鄂尔多斯盆地都思兔河流域供水水文地质详查的基础上,通过水文地质钻探、抽水试验、样品分析等手段,查明了流域含水层的结构、埋深以及含水层和隔水层在水平和垂直方向上的变化规律,探讨了各含水层之间的水力联系,并求取了含水层的水文地质参数;对比圈定了包乐浩晓、巴彦布拉格、好勒包勒吉3处富水区;采用地下水流数值模拟方法对上述3处富水区地下水开采量进行计算,提出了27种地下水开采方案,并经过对比得到地下水开采推荐方案。结果表明：包乐浩晓、巴彦布拉格、好勒包勒吉3处富水区主要补给为侧向径流及大气降水入渗补给,排泄方式以潜水面蒸发及向河流排泄为主;在地下水浅埋区,结合含水层单井涌水量的大小,确定采用管井开采方式、中段悬挂式非完整井结构,平均布井,井深300m,单一开采白垩系环河组的地下水,最大限度夺取潜水蒸发排泄量;根据推荐方案,上述3个富水区总开采量达到123500m3／d,可为该地区地下水资源开发与利用提供技术保障。  相似文献   

洪水浸泡和水位骤降情况下黄河下游堤防堤岸稳定性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵宇坤  刘汉东  李庆安 《岩土力学》2011,32(5):1495-1499

水库库岸边坡稳定在水位骤降工况下的研究目前已比较成熟,但对黄河下游堤防在水位骤降工况下的堤坡稳定状态却研究甚少。通过选取黄河下游标准化堤防某段堤岸边坡为研究对象,建立有限元渗流模型,提出黄河下游堤防的水位骤降速度标准,同时分析了在水位骤降速度为2、4、5 m/d时的坡内浸润线变化、堤岸稳定性变化,以及在水位骤降组合洪水浸泡最不利工况下的堤岸稳定状态。通过分析,给出水位下降情况、水位下降组合浸泡情况下的堤岸稳定状态图,并从图中可以查出在某一水位下降速度、洪水水位降至某一高程处的堤岸稳定状态,为工程人员在堤防建设中运用和推广提供了便利。  相似文献   

工作面回采期间地下承压水位变化规律分析     

冯国财  杨倩  刘文生 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2011,22(4):52-55

根据煤矿开采岩层移动与覆岩破坏理论,运用地下水动力学基本原理,阐述了采动裂隙导水与采动变形压力作用使采动承压含水层水位变化的力学机制,并依此建立了采动承压含水层水位变化数学模型。结合铁煤(集团)公司大平矿三台子水库下N1S2综放开采工作面水文地质条件,通过编程计算得出工作面回采过程中白垩系下部承压含水层水位变化曲线,经与矿井水文监测系统实测数据对比,结果较为理想。  相似文献   

嘉兴市地下水资源开发区域规划     

姜云 《浙江国土资源》1998,(2)

本文通过区域水文地质条件、地下水动态及环境地质问题的分析研究,针对当前嘉兴市地表水遭受污染,地下水严重超采,造成区域地下水位下降及地面沉降等环境地质问题,利用长期监测资料进行地下水开来资源评价,提出合理开发利用地下水资源的区域规划意见,为政府部门水资源综合规划、确定地下水开采量、实施地下水资源开发利用监督管理提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

An approach to interpretation of step drawdown tests     

Shashank Shekhar 《Hydrogeology Journal》2006,14(6):1018-1027

To understand the behaviour of drawdown with discharge under site-specific conditions, a step drawdown test (SDT) was conducted on a tubewell in alluvium near Delhi, India, and the data were analyzed to find the value of well efficiency. The entrance velocity of groundwater into the well screen was computed to see if it exceeded the safety limit of 0.03 m/s. Reynold's number (Re) was also calculated to study the nature of flow at the well screen. The decrease in efficiency of the well at higher discharge was attributed to an increase in turbulence and curvature of the flow path of water. An alternative, more efficient approach has been put forward, using a spreadsheet programme to fit a polynomial trend line on a plot of drawdown versus discharge and deriving a polynomial trend line equation. This equation predicts the behaviour of drawdown with discharge under site-specific conditions. The calculated efficiency of the tubewell can, at best, be regarded as a reflection of head loss on account of the laminar flow from the aquifer.  相似文献   

井点降水对周围建筑物的影响     

曹希楼 《现代测绘》2003,26(5):35-36

通过实例分析．研究井点降水对周围建筑物的影响．确定了沉降观测的精度，通过数据分析，提出应该注意的事项。  相似文献   

Study on Deep Well Dewatering Optimization Design in Deep Foundation Pit and Engineering Application   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

HuChunlin Yanghuijun 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2002,13(1):78-82

Based on analyses of the theories of groundwater unsteady flow in deep well dewatering in the deep foundation pit,Theis equations are chosen to calculate and analyze the relationship between wa-ter level drawdown of confined aquifer and dewatering duration.In order to reduce engineering cost and diminish detrimental effect on ambient surrounding,optimization design target function based on the control of confined water drawdown and four restriction requisitions based on the control of safe water level,resistance to throwing up from the bottom of foundation pit,avoiding excessively great subsidence and unequal surface subsidence are proposed.Adeep well dewatering project in the deep foundation pit is optimally designed.The calculated results including confined water level drawdown and surface subsid-ence are in close agreement with the measured results,and the optimization design can effectively control both surface subsidence outside foundation pit and unequal subsidence as a result of dewatering.  相似文献