利用激光雷达资料分析兰州远郊气溶胶光学特性   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

周碧  张镭  曹贤洁  韩霄  张武  冯广泓 《高原气象》2011,30(4):1011-1017

利用2007年1～4月兰州大学半干旱气候与环境观测站激光雷达资料,反演了晴空无云典型日和沙尘过程大气气溶胶消光系数和光学厚度。结果表明,兰州远郊榆中地区,1km以下大气气溶胶消光系数较大,为0.01～0.1km-1;平均气溶胶光学厚度〈0.5,光学厚度日变化呈双峰型,峰值分别出现在12：00和20：00。采暖期与非采暖...  相似文献   

Removal of Elongated Particle Aggregates on Fibrous Filters     

Lucija Boskovic  Igor S. Altman  Roger D. Braddock  Igor E. Agranovski 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2009,37(11):843-849

Elongated aerosol particle removal on fibrous filters has been investigated. It was shown that particle agglomerates are removed much more efficiently compared to the regularly shaped single particles with identical electrical mobility diameter at two filtration velocities tested. The experimental results were compared with the classical filtration theory and it was shown that the theoretical predictions, which are based on the assumption that the particles are spherical, are significantly different compared to an agglomerate filtration efficiency value. In order to account for a particle shape non-regularity, dominating nanoparticle removal mechanisms were firstly evaluated for a regular particle of certain size and then adjusted by fitting coefficients k₁ (for diffusion component) and k₂ (for interception). These coefficients were determined by fitting the theoretical values that gives the best coincidence with the measured data points. As was further demonstrated theoretically, the coefficient k₁ is identical to the ratio of the actual particle surface area to the surface area of the spherical particle of the equivalent diameter. On the other hand, the coefficient k₂ was found to be equal to the ratio of the projection of a given particle on a plane perpendicular to a streamline, to that of the spherical particle of the equivalent diameter. The reported findings would allow undertaking more accurate evaluation of the removal efficiency of non-regular aerosol particle, which is especially important for industrial applications where non-regular aerosols are frequently met.  相似文献   

Constraint inversion Algorithm of Lidar Equationfor Deriving Aerosol Optical Property     

邱金桓 《大气科学进展》1999,(2)

1.IntroductionLidarisincreasinglyusedinmeasuringtheopticalpropertiesofaerosolsandcloudssincethe1960's.Ithasbeenshownthatthedeterminationoftheextinctioncoefficientasafunctionofheightisfeasible(Klett,1980;Fernald,1984;LuDarenetal.,1977;Spinhirneetal.,...  相似文献   

中国东部海域大气气溶胶入海通量的研究   总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16  

刘毅  周明煜 《海洋学报》1999,21(5):38-45

根据中国东部海域气溶胶浓度及分级采样资料,计算得出黄海、东海及日本以南海域沙尘气溶胶的代表元素铝(Al)每月干沉降通量分别为42.8、18.3、5.2mg/m2;其中各海域春季的干沉降通量均占全年干沉降通量的40%以上.相应每月总沉降通量分别为54.1、29.8、10.5mg/m2.渤海、黄海、东海及日本以南海域每年沙尘气溶胶总沉降通量分别为26.4、9.3、5.1、1.8g/m2.东海污染元素总沉降通量以春季最大,夏、秋季次之,冬季最小.日本以南海域锑(Sb)元素总沉降通量的季节分布为冬季最大,夏、秋季次之,秋季最小;硒(Se)元素总沉降通量的最大值出现在夏季,其他季节分布比较均匀.  相似文献   

黑河地区沙漠气溶胶浓度和谱分布特征   总被引：22，自引：10，他引：22  

雷文方任丽新  吕位秀张文 《高原气象》1993,12(2):170-179

本根据黑河地区的观测结果．着重分析了沙漠气溶胶浓度及其谱分布特征。沙漠气溶胶浓度较低，其中细粒子占绝对优势。扬尘时气溶胶浓度显增加，其中粗粒子增加幅度最大．比平时高20倍以上．直径(D）在2.0-10．0μm间的粗粒子浓度比重从晴天的1.9％上升到9．6％。中等降雨对D>4．0μm的沙漠气溶胶粒子的清除效率非常高(>90％)，但对总浓度的清除效果不很明显(42．5％)，尤其是对其中的D<0．4μm的小粒子(32．8％)，因此0．5相似文献   

The influence of light intensity,SO2, NOx and C3H6 on sulfate aerosol formation     

Menachem Luria  Geula Sharf 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1985,2(3):321-329

The photochemical oxidation of SO₂ in the presence of NO and C₃H₆ was studied in a 18.2 liter pyrex reactor. When light intensity, irradiation time and SO₂ concentration were constant, SO₄ ^2- concentration, derived from the total volume of aerosol produced, peaked when [C₃H₆]/[NO] was approximately 6.0. Another increase im SO₄ ^2- formation was reached at very high ratios (>50). The experimental observations are consistent with the two SO₂ oxidation mechanisms. At low [C₃H₆]/[NO] ratios, the processes proceed via the HO–SO₂ reaction, while at high ratios the O₃–C₃H₆ adduct is assumed to oxidize SO₂ to produce SO₄ ^2- aerosols.  相似文献   

Trends in aerosol optical properties over Eastern Europe based on MODIS-Aqua     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(6):2169-2181

This study provides characteristics of aerosol columnar properties, measured over ten countries in Eastern Europe from 2002 to 2019. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Ångström exponent (AE) were obtained with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Collection 6.1 merged Dark Target and Deep Blue aerosol product. The product is validated using ground-based Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) situated at Minsk, Belsk, Moldova and Kyiv. The results showed that 76.15% of retrieved AOD data are within the expected error. It was established that 64.2% of AOD points are between 0 and 0.2 and 79.3% of all AE points are over 1. Mean AOD values in the region vary from 0.130 ​± ​0.04 (Moldova) to 0.193 ​± ​0.03 (Czech Republic) with mean value in the region 0.162 ​± ​0.05. Seasonal mean AOD (AE) values were at the maximum during the summer from 0.231 ​± ​0.05 (1.482 ​± ​0.09 in winter) to minimum 0.087 ​± ​0.04 during the winter (1.363 ​± ​0.17 in summer). Gradual AOD reduction is observed in all countries with annual trend from −0.0050 (Belarus) to −0.0029 (Russia). Finally, the relationship between AOD and AE was studied to classify various aerosol types and showed seasonal non-uniformity of their contribution depending on variation in sources. The entire region is under significant impact of various aerosol types, including clean continental (СС), mixed (MX) and anthropogenic/burning (AB) aerosols types that are at 59.77%, 24.72%, and 12.97% respectively. These results form an important basis for further regional studies of air quality and distribution of sources of pollution.  相似文献   

我国大气透明度系数的时间变化     

方先金  翁笃铭 《地理学报》1988,(1)

作者在文献[1]中探讨了我国大气透明度系数的空间分布及其主要影响因子。本文则探讨大气透明度系数的时间变化,特别是它的长期变化及其成因。结果发现:火山爆发可使大气透明度系数明显减小;由于人类活动影响,冬季大气透明度系数P_2、P_d有明显的减小趋势,P_2、P_d与用煤量等污染指标有很好的负相关。文中还对大气可降水含量的气候学推算方法进行了探讨。本文应用1820—1983年的地球自转变化率资料,分析出地球自转变化存在准44个月、准11年、准24年和准49年的周期。南方涛动指数的变化,大气活动中心位置的移动,赤道东太平洋海温的异常等,都能从地球自转速度变化思期中找到关系。已经发现,在地转长期(准24年和准49年周期)加(减)速时,南方涛动指数减弱(增强),大气活动中心向西北(东南)移动,非洲干旱区降水偏多(偏少);同时发现:在地转短期(准44个月周期)加(减)速时,赤道东太平洋海温降低(升高)。  相似文献   

一种基于FY3D/MERSI2的AOD遥感反演方法     

陈辉  厉青  王中挺  马鹏飞  李营  赵爱梅 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(9):1887-1896

针对目前国产卫星对气溶胶遥感监测应用较少的情况,本研究综合暗象元和SARA算法优势,基于FY-3D MERSI2数据构建了一套气溶胶光学厚度(Aerial Optical Depth, AOD)快速遥感反演方法。首先,引入了传统暗象元算法中的地表反射率经验关系,然后利用AERONET长时间序列的地基观测数据,构建了红波段和蓝波段气溶胶光学厚度、不对称因子和单次散射率之间的关系,最后利用MOD04和AERONET的AOD产品对研究反演结果进行了验证和评估分析。结果发现：① 本研究反演的AOD不仅保持了与MODIS的气溶胶产品空间分布的一致性,而且合理地呈现了AOD的高值分布,改进了MOD04气溶胶产品在云和亮目标方面反演缺失问题;② 利用AERONET地基观测结果对本研究获取的MERSI2的AOD反演结果进行了对比分析,发现二者具有较高的线性相关性,蓝波段AOD线性相关系数超过0.85;③ 利用MERSI2数据完整地捕捉到了2018年3月9—14日京津冀及周边区域的一次重污染过程中气溶胶时空分布变化情况,这也说明了FY3D卫星具备良好的气溶胶遥感监测能力,为我国灰霾监测和预警提供参考依据。本研究对大力发展国产卫星在大气环境遥感的应用有重要参考意义。  相似文献   

查找表方法确定气溶胶类型   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

贾臣  孙林  陈允芳  吕喆鹏  韦晶  于会泳  田信鹏 《遥感学报》2017,21(3):386-395

针对传统气溶胶类型确定方法的局限性以及当前气溶胶类型确定存在的困难,提出一种使用多波段气溶胶光学厚度数据确定气溶胶类型的方法。基于大气颗粒物的散射与吸收特性分析,通过构建查找表的方法实现气溶胶类型的确定。该方法利用Mie散射理论通过正向模拟不同类型气溶胶粒子数量与多波段光学厚度之间的关系来构建查找表,基于该查找表,使用440 nm、670 nm、870 nm及1020 nm 4个波段的气溶胶光学厚度确定气溶胶类型。使用模拟的多波段气溶胶光学厚度数据开展了气溶胶类型的确定实验,分析了不同波段气溶胶光学厚度误差对气溶胶类型确定结果的影响。结果表明,该方法可根据4个波段的气溶胶光学厚度以较高的精度确定出沙尘性、水溶性和煤烟3种气溶胶粒子的数量,从而确定气溶胶类型。  相似文献