一种基于知识的航空影像中道路半自动提取方法     

马永刚  张占睦 《测绘科学技术学报》2000,17(1):34-37

利用线特征算子和多种线状地物跟踪方法建立了一种基于知识的航空影像中道路半自动提取方法。该算法计算量小,判断速度快,准确率较高,并且有较好的适应性。试验表明这是一种良好的道路提取方法。  相似文献   

朝阳沟油田双30-2区扶Ⅰ层裂缝发育区预测研究     

郑永来  韩文星  傅强  刘曙光  杨柳峰  童琪华 《上海国土资源》2003,74(4):37-40

通过构造裂缝形成的力学机制分析，应用弹性理论、有限单元法和岩石破坏准则等，对朝阳沟油田双30—2区块扶I层应力裂缝发育区进行预测，旨在判断裂缝性油藏区。结果表明，预测结果与现场钻探取样结果符合较好，从而为该区下一步布井和注水提供了依据。  相似文献   

单历元非差GPS定位函数模型     

张文刚  柳响林 《全球定位系统》2003,28(4):15-18,38

依据GPS测量原理，导出非差模糊度和双差模糊度，分析一省的组成与特性。原始非差GPS定位函数模型中，设计矩阵秩亏，非差模糊度不具备整数特性，故提出参数重整，将非差模糊度转换为双差模糊度，推出基于参数重整的单历元非差GPS定位函数模型。  相似文献   

Behaviour and dynamics of a hydrothermal plume in Lake Banyoles, Catalonia, NE Spain   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

TERESA SERRA†  MARIANNA SOLER  RAMON JULIÀ‡  XAVIER CASAMITJANA  JORDI COLOMER† 《Sedimentology》2005,52(4):795-808

A hydrothermal plume forms in Lake Banyoles, NE Spain, as a result of convection above a springwater-fed suspension cloud ponded on the lake floor. The plume propagates upwards reaching a level of neutral buoyancy from where a turbidity current spreads out laterally. Two-dimensional temperature and particle concentration measurements show the fate of the hydrothermal plume and its associated turbidity current and reveal its seasonal development. Silt particles transported by the plume have been used as tracers to determine the maximum and equilibrium heights of the plume. When the lake is stratified, the vertical transport of sediment is confined to the lake hypolimnion, as the thermocline limits the vertical propagation of the plume. In contrast, when the lake water column is mixed, the plume reaches the surface of the lake. The field measurements have been compared with models for thermal convection from finite isolated sources. Measurements of the flow velocity at the source of the hydrothermal plume (i.e. the rim current velocity) indicate that cold hypolimnetic water is entrained by the plume. Sedimentation rates measured from sediment traps at the zone where the turbidity current develops vary between 10 and 25 g m⁻² day⁻¹, and result from continuous silt particle sedimentation from the turbidity current. Sedimentation rates in traps are higher for stations situated close to the source than those further away (<5 g m⁻² day⁻¹). Moreover, the results demonstrate that double diffusive sedimentation from the turbidity current was dominant over grain-by-grain settling, causing a mixed distribution of sediments in the region where the turbidity current spreads. The deposition of silt particles could explain the occurrence of silt layers interbedded with biocalcarenites in the littoral zones of the lake and the stratigraphy identified by seismic profiles and cores taken from the lake floor.  相似文献   

Relocation of the Ms≥2.0 Earthquakes in the Northern Tianshan Region, Xinjiang, Using the Double-Difference Earthquake Relocation Algorithm     

Wang Haitao 《中国地震研究》2007,21(4):388-396

We applied the double-difference earthquake relocation algorithm to 1348 earthquakes with M_S≥2.0 that occurred in the northern Tianshan region, Xinjiang, from April 1988 to June 2003, using a total of 28701 P- and S-wave arrival times recorded by 32 seismic stations in Xinjiang. Aiming to obtain most of these M_S≥2.0 earthquakes relocations, and considering the requirements of the DD method and the condition of data, we added the travel time data of another 437 earthquakes with 1.5≤M_S<2.0. Finally, we obtained the relocation results for 1253 earthquakes with M_S≥2.0, which account for 93% of all the 1348 earthquakes with M_S≥2.0 and includes all the M_S≥3.0 earthquakes. The reason for not relocating the 95 earthquakes with 2.0≤M_S<3.0 is analyzed in the paper. After relocation, the RMS residual decreased from 0.83s to 0.14s, the average error is 0.993 km in E-W direction, 1.10 km in N-S direction, and 1.33 km in vertical direction. The hypocenter depths are more convergent than before and distributed from 5 km to 35 km, with 94% being from 5km to 35 km, 68.2% from 10 km to 25 km. The average hypocenter depth is 19 km.  相似文献   

单相双电源自动切换装置的研制     

高跃雄  高振强  张仰辉 《山西地震》2006,(2):47-48

叙述了单相双电源自动切换装置的设计要求及思路,实际使用证明该装置完全达到了设计要求,指出,该装置的使用可实现供电系统自动化,可用于“十五”项目的建设。  相似文献   

弹塑性连接梁在双薄壁高墩连续刚构桥中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

郑凯锋  文曙东  栗怀广 《地震工程学报》2007,29(4):303-306

针对罕遇地震中弹塑性杆件塑性变形而耗能的现象,探讨了在双薄壁高墩连续刚构桥中设置弹塑性连接梁的减震方案。分别计算了是否设置弹塑性连接梁的两个桥式,比较了在大震作用下墩柱的弯矩、剪力、位移变化情况。结果显示若设置连接梁,墩柱弯矩幅值在强震中下降幅度较大,剪力有所增加而位移幅值变化不明显。  相似文献   

Improved earthquake locations in the Koyna-Warna seismic zone     

P. Rajagopala Sarma  D. Srinagesh 《Natural Hazards》2007,40(3):563-571

In estimating the likelihood of an earthquake hazard for a seismically active region, information on the geometry of the potential source is important in quantifying the seismic hazard. The damage from an earthquake varies spatially and is governed by the fault geometry and lithology. As earthquake damage is amplified by guided seismic waves along fault zones, it is important to delineate the disposition of the fault zones by precisely determined hypocentral parameters. We used the double difference (DD) algorithm to relocate earthquakes in the Koyna-Warna seismic zone (KWSZ) region, with the P- and S-wave catalog data from relative arrival time pairs constituting the input. A significant improvement in the hypocentral estimates was achieved, with the epicentral errors <30 m and focal depth errors <75 m i.e. errors have been significantly reduced by an order of magnitude from the parameters determined by HYPO71. The earthquake activity defines three different fault segments. The seismogenic volume is shallower in the south by 3 km, with seismicity in the north extending to a depth of 11 km while in the south the deepest seismicity observed is at a depth of 8 km. By resolving the structure of seismicity in greater detail, we address the salient issues related to the seismotectonics of this region.  相似文献   

Assessing changes in the rainfall regime in Nigeria between 1961 and 2004     

Theophilus Odeyemi Odekunle  Samuel A. Adejuwon 《GeoJournal》2007,70(2-3):145-159

The study assessed changes in the rainfall regime in Nigeria between 1961 and 2004 in terms of (a) absolute seasonality—the length of dry and wet season; (b) relative seasonality—rainfall contrast during the year; (c) number of rainfall maxima and minima; and (d) timing of rainfall maxima and minima. Trends in the mean monthly surface locations of the Inter-tropical Discontinuity (ITD) were also examined as a prominent factor of the rainfall regime. Changes in the regime were examined over four time slices: 1961–1971, 1972–1982, 1983–1993 and 1994–2004. The results show that, in the area of single rainfall maximum regime, the length of the wet season has increased from 4 months (in 1961–1971) to 5 months (since 1972–1982). The rainfall relative seasonality has consistently been ‘most rain in 3 months or less’. The rainfall maxima still indicate single rainfall maximum but shift in the peak from August to July. Rainfall during the months of June to September appears to have witnessed declining trends over the first three time slices. The last time slice however indicates trends towards a wetter condition. For the area of double maxima rainfall regime, the length of the wet season has consistently been 8 months. The rainfall relative seasonality has consistently been ‘rather seasonal with a short drier season’. The rainfall maxima and minima still indicate double rainfall maxima with August as the month of the minimum but shift in the primary peak from July to September. The northward latitudinal distance of the surface location of the ITD from the equator indicates significant upward trends during the months of May to September only and for a period of 1983–2000. The trend results of the ITD appears to account for most of the observed changes in the rainfall regime in Nigeria.  相似文献   

The Double Solid Reactant Method for modeling the release of trace elements from dissolving solid phases: I. Outline and limitations     

Marina Accornero  Luigi Marini 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(8):1627-1635

A Double Solid Reactant Method was elaborated from a suggestion of Marini (Geological sequestration of carbon dioxide: Thermodynamics, kinetics, and reaction path modeling. Developments in Geochemistry, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2007) to simulate the release of trace elements during the progressive dissolution of solid phases. The method is based on the definition, for each dissolving solid, of both an entity whose thermodynamic and kinetic properties are known (either a pure mineral or a solid mixture) and a special reactant, that is, a material of known stoichiometry and unknown thermodynamic and kinetic properties. The special reactant is utilised to take into account the concentrations of trace elements in the dissolving solid phase. In this communication, the influence of several trace elements on the ΔG _f ^o, ΔG _r ^o and log K of the minerals considered by Lelli et al. (Environ Geol, 2007) and Accornero and Marini (Geobasi, 2007a; Proceedings of IMWA symposium, Cagliari, 27–31 May 2007b) was evaluated assuming ideal mixing in the solid state. These effects were found to be negligible for albite and the leucite–latitic glass, limited for muscovites and chlorites, and slightly more important for apatites. These influences become progressively higher with increasing concentration of trace elements in these minerals. Based on these deviations in thermodynamic parameters, special reactants should not include oxide components with molar fractions higher than 0.003. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Luigi MariniEmail:

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