用扩散电场法估算CHTEM-I系统的探测深度   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

陈斌  毛立峰  刘光鼎 《地球物理学报》2014,57(1):303-309

时间域航空电磁系统的探测深度是一项关键技术参数,在系统研制设计和资料解释中都有重要作用.当目标层与围岩电性差异不大或目标层引起的异常响应不明显时,常规的估算探测深度方法不再适用,为克服这种缺陷,本文提出了一种系统探测深度的估算方法,该方法通过模拟电场在均匀半空间模型和层状模型中的扩散过程,记录电场最大幅值在地下的瞬时位置,将系统的探测深度定义为观测到的响应值等于给定的噪声水平时,对应时刻的地下介质中感应电场幅度的最大值对应的深度.论文以我国自主研制的直升机时间域航空电磁系统CHTEM-I为例,根据对不同条件下的计算结果的分析,给出了探测深度与模型电导率、飞行高度和噪声水平之间的关系曲线,并总结出一些能够提高系统探测深度的建议.结果表明半空间模型电导率在0.000295~0.0422 S/m范围内,CHTEM-I系统可以在噪声水平与t^－0.5成正比条件下达到300 m的探测深度.本文方法的估算结果不受模型层厚薄,或目标层与围岩电性差异小等因素影响,因而具有较高的实用性.文中的结论对时间域航空电磁系统设计有理论指导意义,也可用于其它时间域电磁勘探系统探测深度的估算.  相似文献   

用于微动探测的低成本自存储式数字地震检波器   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

卢川  王肃静  张妍  游庆瑜  戴靠山 《地球物理学报》2015,58(6):2148-2159

微动探测是利用地球表面的天然震动信号进行探测的被动源探测方法.相对于传统的物探方法,微动探测野外施工灵活,阵列形状多样,受施工场地限制小,对施工环境影响小.目前进行微动探测所用的地震检波器大多成本较高、重量和体积大,不便于运输与大规模布设.本文由微动探测方法的特点出发,优化改造了自行研发的低成本自存储式数字地震检波器,使其性能满足微动探测的需要.通过对地震计系统噪声的详细分析、微动探测原理的讨论,结合现场试验数据,探讨了该检波器应用于大规模微动探测的可行性.  相似文献   

Correcting the Gutenberg-Richter b-value for effects of rounding and noise          下载免费PDF全文

V. H. Márquez-Ramírez  F. A. Nava  F. R. Zú?iga 《地震科学（英文版）》2015,28(2):129-134

The effects of magnitude rounding and of the presence of noise in the rounded magnitudes on the estimation of the Gutenberg-Richter b-value are explored, and the ways to correct for these effects are proposed. For typical values, b = 1 and rounding interval ΔM = 0.1, the rounding error is approximately -10^-3 and it can be corrected to a negligible approximately -10^-5. For the same typical values, the effect of noise can be larger, depending on the characteristics of the noise distribution; for normally distributed noise with standard deviation σ = 0.1, the correct b-value may be underestimated by a factor ~0.97.  相似文献   

Spectral decomposition and de‐noising via time‐frequency and space‐wavenumber reassignment     

Li Han  Mauricio D. Sacchi  Liguo Han 《Geophysical Prospecting》2014,62(2):244-257

The reassignment method remaps the energy of each point in a time‐frequency spectrum to a new coordinate that is closer to the actual time‐frequency location. Two applications of the reassignment method are developed in this paper. We first describe time‐frequency reassignment as a tool for spectral decomposition. The reassignment method helps to generate more clear frequency slices of layers and therefore, it facilitates the interpretation of thin layers. The second application is to seismic data de‐noising. Through thresholding in the reassigned domain rather than in the Gabor domain, random noise is more easily attenuated since seismic events are more compactly represented with a relatively larger energy than the noise. A reconstruction process that permits the recovery of seismic data from a reassigned time‐frequency spectrum is developed. Two approaches of the reassignment method are used in this paper, one of which is referred to as the trace by trace time reassignment that is mainly used for seismic spectral decomposition and another that is the spatial reassignment that is mainly used for seismic de‐noising. Synthetic examples and two field data examples are used to test the proposed method. For comparison, the Gabor transform method, inversion‐based method and common deconvolution method are also used in the examples.  相似文献   

Model‐based attenuation for scattered dispersive waves     

Claudio Strobbia  Alexander Zarkhidze  Roger May  Fatma Ibrahim 《Geophysical Prospecting》2014,62(5):1143-1161

Coherent noise in land seismic data primarily consists in source‐generated surface‐wave modes. The component that is traditionally considered most relevant is the so‐called ground roll, consisting in surface‐wave modes propagating directly from sources to receivers. In many geological situations, near?surface heterogeneities and discontinuities, as well as topography irregularities, diffract the surface waves and generate secondary events, which can heavily contaminate records. The diffracted and converted surface waves are often called scattered noise and can be a severe problem particularly in areas with shallow or outcropping hard lithological formations. Conventional noise attenuation techniques are not effective with scattering: they can usually address the tails but not the apices of the scattered events. Large source and receiver arrays can attenuate scattering but only in exchange for a compromise to signal fidelity and resolution. We present a model?based technique for the scattering attenuation, based on the estimation of surface‐wave properties and on the prediction of surface waves with a complex path involving diffractions. The properties are estimated first, to produce surface?consistent volumes of the propagation properties. Then, for all gathers to filter, we integrate the contributions of all possible diffractors, building a scattering model. The estimated scattered wavefield is then subtracted from the data. The method can work in different domains and copes with aliased surface waves. The benefits of the method are demonstrated with synthetic and real data.  相似文献   

华北科学探测台阵背景噪声特征分析   总被引：17，自引：7，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

鲁来玉  何正勤  丁志峰  姚志祥 《地球物理学报》2009,52(10):2566-2572

利用华北科学探测台阵180多个宽频带台站2007年的连续记录,得到了台站之间噪声互相关函数.通过对三个分量记录的相关运算,获得了Rayleigh波和Love波的经验格林函数,分析了其信噪比随周期的变化和高信噪比台站对的方位分布.利用经验格林函数的非对称性和聚束方法,研究了华北科学探测台阵地震噪声的方位分布,及其季节变化特征.尽管噪声源的分布随季节有轻微变化,但全年的分析结果表明,10～32 s周期内华北台阵的地震噪声源在各个方向上的分布近于均匀,这为利用噪声成像提供了理论前提.  相似文献   

利用厦门—连城临时测线记录提取面波格林函数     

李军  金星  周峥嵘  林树  鲍挺  袁丽文 《地震》2012,32(1):128-135

本文利用沿厦门—连城测线布设的20个临时观测台的记录, 结合近年发展起来的利用噪声提取面波格林函数的技术, 提取了这20个临时观测点两两间的面波格林函数。 结果表明, 40天的噪声数据完全可以得到信噪比较高的面波格林函数, 这可能和该测线与海岸线近似垂直, 能量主要由沿海传向内陆有关。 根据所有射线每天的面波格林函数随时间推移的变化, 指出S04观测点在此次临时观测期间存在1.5~2.0 s的授时误差, 这可很好的解释爆破观测中出现的震中距与波形到时的颠倒现象; 并且, 利用爆破记录的观测到时验证了“华南地区近震走时表”在该地区的适用性。  相似文献   

GOCE卫星重力测量中有色噪声滤波器设计   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘晓刚  吴杉  王献民  蒲亭汀 《地球物理学进展》2012,27(3):856-860

本文根据卫星重力梯度测量的有色噪声特性,设计了Wiener、AR、FIR三种滤波器,并利用模拟的有色噪声数据对其滤波效果进行了测试,结果表明:对于文中采用的有色噪声数据,AR的滤波效果最好,其次为Wiener滤波器,FIR的滤波效果最差;三种滤波器均可用于GOCE卫星重力测量中有色噪声数据滤波,但其实用性尚需利用实测数据进行检验;可以利用不同的滤波器对含有色噪声的卫星重力梯度数据进行多次滤波,以进一步减弱有色噪声对卫星重力梯度测量精度的影响.  相似文献   

Research of Background Noise Characteristics of the Zhangzhou Seismic Array     

Zheng Zhong  Hao Chunyue  Huang Zhao  Zhang Shuang 《中国地震研究》2017,31(4):548-559

The data recorded during the site survey in the Zhangzhou area in Fujian Province between October 23, 2007 and December 3, 2007 was analyzed. The main methods adopted for the noise level of this area are the noise root mean square (RMS), noise power spectrum density and noise coherency function. The results indicate that the noise levels of the survey sites are higher in the 1s-10s periods, which is the main frequency band of preliminary microseism, and also, two main noise sources were found in 1.5Hz and around 5Hz. According to arithmetic, the direction and frequency band of the noise source were analyzed and academic proofs were presented. At last, we found that the noise source in 1.5Hz was made by the water wave aroused by the wind in the reservoir region and the noise source around 5Hz was made by the power station in the northeast direction.  相似文献   

System reliability analysis of soil slopes with general slip surfaces using multivariate adaptive regression splines     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2017

A data driven multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) based algorithm for system reliability analysis of earth slopes having random soil properties under the framework of limit equilibrium method of slices is considered. The theoretical formulation is developed based on Spencer method (valid for general slip surfaces) satisfying all conditions of static equilibrium coupled with a nonlinear programming technique of optimization. Simulated noise is used to take account of inevitable modeling inaccuracies and epistemic uncertainties. The proposed MARS based algorithm is capable of achieving high level of computational efficiency in the system reliability analysis without significantly compromising the accuracy of results.  相似文献