南海深海表层沉积硅藻的分布   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

陆钧 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2001,21(2):27-30

定量分析了南海36个深海现代表层沉积样品中的硅藻，发现主要的种有Thalassionema nitzschilides、Chaetoceros messanensis、Coscinodiscus modulifer、Thalassionthrix longissima、Nitzschia marina和Cyclotella spp.。根据硅藻优势种含量、丰度等特征以及Q型聚类分析，大致划分为5个组合带，它们主要受温度、上升流等环境因素的影响。  相似文献   

Marine diatom Thalassirosira weissflogii nutrient drawdown and its physiological status variation challenged to zinc and cadmium exposure     

LI Chundi  LONG Aimin  YAN Wen  MA Fujun  CHEN Shaoyong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(6):51-61

The uptake of zinc and cadmium by a species of marine diatom Thalassirosira weissflogii and the nutrient variation (phosphorus and silicon) in the culture medium were estimated when exposed to zinc and cadmium stress under controlled laboratory conditions.It was found that low cadmium addition could stimulate the culture to grow with a relatively high rate and exert its toxicity at the elevated concentration.The cellular uptake of zinc and cadmium by the diatom varied in the ranges of 1.21~3.75 and 0.060~0.629 fmol per cell respectively in the whole cultivation period.The mean cellular phosphorus and silicon drawdowns were constant with 0.26~0.42 and 0.30~0.46 pmol per cell respectively in those healthy cultures.It is illustrated that the algal cells can adjust some physiological mechanisms to decrease metal accumulation and keep metal homeostasis in the organism.The correlation analysis results further indicate that the cellular cadmium uptake might be closely related with the cellular phosphorus, silicon drawdown and the growth rate of diatom (P<0.05, 0.001, 0.01); and the cultures grow better in good conditions, the lower amount of phosphorus, silicon materials are consumed by a single cell to keep a high efficiency of utilization.  相似文献   

杂色鲍苗大规模脱落死亡的初步研究     

王瑞旋  刘广锋  徐力文  王江勇  黎伟坚  陈毕生 《海洋科学》2007,31(4):53-57

研究了杂色鲍(Haliotis diversicolorReeve)鲍苗脱落死亡周期中水质、硅藻和细菌变化情况。结果显示,鲍苗脱落前各水质指标无明显变化,脱落前硅藻数量大幅度增加,以卵形藻(Cocconeisspp.)和舟形藻(Naviculaspp.)为主要种类。同时发现一株可疑致病菌,初步鉴定为溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)。实验表明水质等相关因子与鲍苗脱落无直接关系,而硅藻很可能是致病菌的“载体”,整个附着膜微环境与鲍苗存亡息息相关。  相似文献   

东海陆架晚第四纪沉积硅藻及其古海洋学意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李超  蓝东兆  方琦 《台湾海峡》2002,21(3):351-359

本文对东海陆架DG9617岩芯沉积硅藻进行了研究，共分析鉴定出97种和变种，有近10种硅藻在岩芯中连续分布，且有较高的含量，而其余种类含量极低，仅零星检出。根据该岩芯中产出硅藻种类、含量及硅藻丰度变化特征自下而上共划分出3个硅藻组合带及5个亚带。结合孢粉资料，对产出3个不同硅藻带岩芯的地层年代进行了对比研究，表明该岩芯所代表的地层年代为中－晚全新世，硅藻I组合带大致为大西洋期的沉积，硅藻Ⅱ组合带应为亚北方期的产物，而硅藻Ⅲ组合带与亚大西洋期对应。文中并对不同硅藻组合带产出时的古海洋环境进行了初步探讨。  相似文献   

广东沿岸海域发生赤潮的硅藻种类   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

李永振 《台湾海峡》2001,20(2):274-278

根据1990－1991年在广东沿岸海域采集的178份浮游植物样品的鉴定，产结合近几年在广东沿海河口湾海域几次浮游植物采样的分析资料，报告了广东沿岸海域硅藻赤潮生物47种，逐种列出了其生态习性和地理分布及在广东沿岸海域的分布情况。  相似文献   

Gradient responses of epilithic diatom communities in the Baltic Sea proper   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Anna Ulanova  Pauli Snoeijs   《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,68(3-4):661

Diatom communities and assemblages are widely used as indicators of ecological change in aquatic environments and for reconstructing palaeo-environments. Good calibration data sets, directly linking changes in diatom composition to environmental factors, are needed for building reliable gradient models with high indicative value. Such models have a broad applicability because most diatom species have cosmopolitan distributions. This paper presents community analyses of brackish-water diatoms living on submerged stones in four areas of the Baltic Sea proper along the Swedish coast. The communities on the stones were composed of epilithic, epiphytic, epipelic, epipsammic and occasionally some pelagic species. Altogether, 158 quantitative samples were taken at 41 sites between 23 April and 11 May, 1990, and the data set contained 300 diatom taxa belonging to 75 genera. Species data were analysed with principal components analysis (PCA) and environmental factors were fitted passively by multiple regression analysis on the ordination results. Differences in community composition could be explained by variation in salinity (which was correlated with N:P and Si:P ratios and the occurrence of macroalgae on the stones), nutrient concentrations and variation in exposure to wave action (which was correlated to the occurrence of soft bottoms around the stones, water temperature and the occurrence of sand grains and macroalgae on the stones). Separate analyses for small taxa (cell biovolume <1000 μm³), for large taxa (cell biovolume ≥1000 μm³) and for small and large diatom taxa together showed that diatoms of different size classes respond differently to environmental variation.  相似文献   

南极冰藻生化组成及其与低温适应性关系的研究   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

缪锦来  石红旗  姜英辉  张波涛  侯旭光 《海洋科学进展》2002,20(4):43-50

对4种南极冰藻(2种单细胞绿藻——Pyramimonas sp．和绿藻L4，以及2种硅藻——硅藻Hl和H2)的蛋白质、脂肪、糖、无机元素含量和组成，灰分含量，以及氨基酸和脂肪酸的组成等的基本生化组成进行测定。结果表明，4种冰藻的蛋白质含量均高于常温藻，蛋白质含量以绿藻L4的含量最高，为45．18％；Pyramimonas sp．的蛋白质含量最低为27．70％。4种冰藻的脂肪含量均高于常温藻，为14．02％～l9．89％；总糖含量为4．7％～l6．3％，与常温藻含量接近。Mg的含量在冰藻和常温藻的无机元素中都为最高，为13600～l24000mg／kg，但4种冰藻的含量均低于2种常温藻；4种冰藻的灰分含量均低于常温藻，表明冰藻含有更高的有机成分。冰藻的氨基酸含量与常温藻的含量没有明显不同，但绿藻L4含有较高含量的羟脯氨酸，占总氨基酸含量的2．48％。4种冰藻的脂肪酸组成，主要以多不饱和脂肪酸为主。冰藻的基本生化组成在一定程度上反映了冰藻对生存环境的适应性，并且完全符合作为水产养殖饵料的营养要求。  相似文献   

The mid- to late Holocene paleoceanographic changes in the northern North Atlantic     

Jón EIR 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2008,2(4):449-457

A high-resolution diatom record from core MD99-2275 shows a general paleoceanographic change in the northern North Atlantic since 5000 cal. a B.P. by Principle Component Analysis. Sea surface temperature (SST) increased gradually during 5000 and 3000 cal. a B.P. on the North Icelandic shelf as a result of increasing influence of warm Atlantic water mass from the Irminger Current. It apparently started to decrease since 3000 cal. a B.P. due to the weakening influence of warm water and enhanced influence of the Polar and Arctic water masses from the East Greenland Current and the East Icelandic Current. Abrupt decreases in SST and intrusions of Polar and Arctic water superimposed on the late Holocene cooling trend during 3000-2600, 1300-1000 and 600-200 cal. a B.P.. The paleoceanographic record revealed from core MD99-2275 corresponds well with δ¹⁸O record from the GISP2 and is generally consistent with other SST records based on diatom on the North Icelandic shelf. __________ Translated from Marine Science Bulletin, 2008, 27(5) [译自:海洋通报]  相似文献   

Diatom Response to Global Warming in Douhu Lake,Southeast China     

LI Jingjing  WANG Luo  CAO Qi  Patrick RIOUAL  LEI Guoliang  CAI Binggui  ZHANG Jiaoyang  ZOU Yafei  YAN Yao  WAN Xiaoqiao  XIAO Jule 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(2):638-647

A large number of lacustrine sedimentary records indicate that global warming is the main factor leading to significant changes in diatom communities in lakes of the northern hemisphere.However,due to the intensification of human activities since 1850,some scholars have emphasized that the increasing lake trophic level may be the main reason for the changes in diatom communities.The debate is ongoing.In order to avoid falling into the complex relationship between diatom changes and the seasonal cycle that characterizes lakes in mid and high latitudes,we chose a lake located at a low latitude,where the relationship between diatoms and temperature is not indirect but direct.The diatom record spans the past ca.100 years and reveals that the abundance of Aulacoseira granulata increased from 1900 until 1985, replacing the previously dominant Aulacoseira ambigua.These changes are in agreement with the increasing trend in global temperature.Since 1985,the percentages of the small-celled Discostella stelligera and the benthic diatom Navicula heimansioides have increased,while Aulacoseira granulata has decreased.This latest shift is caused by further global warming.We conclude that warming is the main factor leading to changing diatom communities in Douhu Lake.  相似文献   

围隔实验研究台湾海峡2005年夏季小型浮游动物对硅藻水华的摄食   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

曾祥波  黄邦钦 《海洋学报》2008,30(6):140-146

为了研究小型浮游动物对近岸浮游植物藻华的摄食调控作用,于2005年7月,应用"稀释法"并结合高效液相色谱(HPLC)光合色素分析技术,研究了台湾海峡船基围隔实验条件下浮游植物生长率及小型浮游动物摄食率的日变动。结果表明:由于营养盐添加的影响,迅速形成了以尖刺伪菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia pungens)为优势种的藻华,生物量(叶绿素a)从实验初始7月6日的1.45μg/dm3迅速增加到7月8日的29.80μg/dm3,随后消退。镜检和光合色素分析的结果显示,实验期间一直以此硅藻占绝对优势。浮游植物的生长率在藻华峰值(7月8日)前保持了较高的生长速率(>1.0/d)且大于小型浮游动物的摄食率;小型浮游动物的摄食率也逐渐增加,7月7日时达到0.86/d,显示有57%以上的浮游植物现存量被摄食。7月8日后,水华迅速消退,摄食率除13日外,均大于浮游植物的生长率。小型浮游动物主要由急游虫(Strombidium spp.)、侠盗虫(Strobilidium spp.)等无壳纤毛虫、异养甲藻-螺旋环沟藻(Gyrodinium spirale)及砂壳纤毛虫等组成,其对浮游植物的生长迅速作出了反应,各类群的丰度在水华峰值后的7月9日均几达最大值,水华后期(11日)大型的无壳纤毛虫达最大值。小型浮游动物的这种组成及变动特点是其保持较高摄食率及一定程度上控制和促进藻华消退的原因之一。  相似文献