Investigating dynamic mechanisms of geological phenomena using methodology of computational geosciences: An example of equal-distant mineralization in a fault   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

ChongBin Zhao  B. E. Hobbs  A. Ord 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(7):947-954

This paper presents a research methodology associated with approximately a decade old computa- tional geosciences. To demonstrate how it can be used to investigate the dynamic mechanisms of geological phenomenon, we use as an example the equal-distant distribution of gold deposits in a three-dimensional permeable fault within the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia. The related numerical results demonstrate that: (1) convective pore-fluid flow in fluid-saturated porous media is the control- ling dynamic mechanism leading to the equal-distant distribution of gold deposits along the fault; (2) the main characteristic of the new methodology is to change the traditionally used empirical, descrip- tive and qualitative methodology into the fundamentally scientific principles based predictive and quantitative methodology. Thus, this new methodology provides a modern scientific research tool for investigating the dynamic mechanisms associated with observed geological phenomena in nature.  相似文献   

Biosorption of Cd(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) from Aqueous Solution by Dried Biomass of Aspergillus niger: Application of Response Surface Methodology to the Optimization of Process Parameters     

Malihe Amini  Habibollah Younesi 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2009,37(10):776-786

In this study, the biosorption of Cd(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) on Aspergillus niger in a batch system was investigated, and optimal condition determined by means of central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM). Biomass inactivated by heat and pretreated by alkali solution was used in the determination of optimal conditions. The effect of initial solution pH, biomass dose and initial ion concentration on the removal efficiency of metal ions by A. niger was optimized using a design of experiment (DOE) method. Experimental results indicated that the optimal conditions for biosorption were 5.22 g/L, 89.93 mg/L and 6.01 for biomass dose, initial ion concentration and solution pH, respectively. Enhancement of metal biosorption capacity of the dried biomass by pretreatment with sodium hydroxide was observed. Maximal removal efficiencies for Cd(II), Ni(III) and Pb(II) ions of 98, 80 and 99% were achieved, respectively. The biosorption capacity of A. niger biomass obtained for Cd(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) ions was 2.2, 1.6 and 4.7 mg/g, respectively. According to these observations the fungal biomass of A. niger is a suitable biosorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. Multiple response optimization was applied to the experimental data to discover the optimal conditions for a set of responses, simultaneously, by using a desirability function.  相似文献   

Optimization of a Photo‐assisted Fenton Oxidation Process: A Statistical Model for MDF Effluent Treatment     

Maedeh Galehdar  Habibollah Younesi  Mojtaba Hadavifar  Ali Akbar Zinatizadeh 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2009,37(8):629-637

In the present study, the effects of initial COD (chemical oxygen demand), initial pH, Fe²⁺/H₂O₂ molar ratio and UV contact time on COD removal from medium density fiberboard (MDF) wastewater using photo‐assisted Fenton oxidation treatment were investigated. In order to optimize the removal efficiency, batch operations were carried out. The influence of the aforementioned parameters on COD removal efficiency was studied using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions for maximum COD removal efficiency from MDF wastewater under experimental conditions were obtained at initial COD of 4000 mg/L, Fe²⁺/H₂O₂ molar ratio of 0.11, initial solution pH of 6.5 and UV contact time of 70 min. The obtained results for maximum COD removal efficiency of 96% revealed that photo‐assisted Fenton oxidation is very effective for treating MDF wastewater.  相似文献   

煤层气采收率预测方法评述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张培河  李贵红  李建武 《煤田地质与勘探》2006,34(5):26-30

综合评述了煤层气采收率预测方法。分别对类比法、解吸法、气含量降低估算法、等温吸附曲线法和气藏数值模拟法的原理、适用条件以及存在问题等进行了探讨,并对关键参数的确定方法进行了详细的介绍。文章指出:解吸法、气含量降低估算法和等温吸附曲线法虽然计算过程简单,但因其考虑因素少,确定的采收率可靠性差;类比法取决于研究者对研究区和类比区的研究程度以及自身的技术水平和经验;气藏数值模拟法确定的煤层气采收率比较准确,但适用的范围较窄,而且所需数据多,计算过程复杂。   相似文献   

隐伏矿体定位预测的方法学基础及方法论   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

祝洪臣  张炯飞  权恒 《地质与资源》2000,9(2):100-104

隐伏矿体定位预测是当前成矿学和成矿预测学的科学前沿和研究重点.重点讨论了隐伏矿体定位预测的方法学基础及方法论.指出:(1)大思路、小尺度、高精度是隐伏矿体定位预测的方法学基础;(2)成矿分析是隐伏矿体定位预测的方法论;(3)结构分析是隐伏矿体定位预测的最有效途径;(4)组合预测方法是隐伏矿体定位预测的新工具.  相似文献   

公众天气预报传播过程的数学模型     

郭虎  彭治班  吴宝俊  王淑静 《气象》1999,25(12):8-11

仿照流行病传播模型的思路,给出了公众天气预报传播过程最简单的数学模型  相似文献   

斜坡稳定：方法论   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

王建锋 《水文地质工程地质》1999,26(2):30-34

据斜坡及滑这科领域国内外研究现状及工程实践,总结归纳了斜坡稳定研究了应遵循的若干原则,其中包括了工程地质建模,动态系统,稳定性评价的相对性和绝对性,以及模型的精确性与可行性等问题。  相似文献   

中国全球气候变化影响研究方法的进展   总被引：28，自引：4，他引：24  

李克让  陈育峰 《地理研究》1999,18(2):214-219

着重介绍了中国全球气候变化影响研究中有关方法的最新进展,其中包括实验室、农田和野外观测实验;冰芯、树木年轮和历史文献方法;数值模式研究,特别是静态模式和动态模式研究。最后,指出了存在的问题,以及研究展望。  相似文献   

基于InSAR的城市地下轨道交通沉降与灾害监测     

邱亚辉  别伟平  薄志毅  李长青  郑阔  郎博 《测绘通报》2020,(2):107-112

城市地铁建设会对邻域造成地质环境损伤，甚至发生灾变。传统基于点位测量的方法在实际应用过程中存在野外作业周期长、受天气影响及耗费大量人力物力等缺点。因此，本文基于城市地下轨道交通安全施工中的应用需求，以天津市地铁五号线为例，利用27景TerraSAR数据和PS-InSAR时序监测方法，对地下轨道交通地铁站和隧道施工影响进行了监测和评估。结果表明，PS-InSAR能在施工期间监测到地铁线及周边的形变，有利于城市轨道交通全生命健康监测。  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEWS     

《The Professional geographer》1986,38(1):105-130

Book Reviewed in this article: Unfairly Structured Cities . Blair Badcock Religion and Rural Revolt . Janos M. Bak and Gerhard Benecke The Industrial Geography of Canada . Anthony Blackbourn and Robert G. Putnam The Cuban-American Experience, Culture, Images, and Perspectives. Thomas D. Boswell and James R. Curtis Quaternary Paleoclimatology . R. S. Bradley Development and Crisis in Brazil, 1930–1983 . Luiz Bresser Pereiras Centres of Origin in Biogeography . John C. Briggs Analytical Urban Geography . Martin Cadwallader Geomorphology . Richard J. Chorley , Stanley A. Schumm, and David E. Sugden South Africa: The Impact of Past Geographies . A. J. Christopher The Geography of Underdevelopment. A Critical Survey . D. K. Forbes Health Care in Developing Countries . Wilbert M. Gesler Place to Grow Old: The Meaning of Environment in Old Age . Stephen M. Golant The Emerging Marine Economy of the Pacific . Chennat Gopalakrishnan An Introduction to Agricultural Geography . David B. Grigg The Soviet Union: A Geographical Study . G. Melvyn Howe Geographical Aspects of Health: Essays in Honour of Andrew Learmonth . N. D. Mc Glashan and J. R. Blunden Physical Geography: A Landscape Appreciation . Tom L. Mc Knight Mountain Experience. The Psychology and Sociology of Adventure. Richard G. Mitchell Jr . Systematic and Regional Biogeography. Stanley A. Morain The Economic Transformation of American Cities. T. J. Noyelle and T. M. Stanback , Jr . Normal Accidents: Living With High-Risk Technologies. Charles Perrow Vanishing Farmland: A Legal Solution for the States. Sarah E. Redfield Applied Methods of Regional Analysis: The Spatial Dimensions of Development Policy. Dennis A. Rondinelli Urbanization in Romania. A Geography of Social and Economic Change Since Independence. Per Ronnas Statistical Techniques in Geographical Analysis. Gareth Shaw and Dennis Wheeler The Granite Garden: Urban Nature and Human Design. Anne Whiston Spirn Political Geography: Recent Advances and Future Directions. Peter Taylor and John House Geographia y Medio Ambiente. Manuel Valenzuela -Rubío Nãgara and Commandery: Origins of the Southeast Asian Urban Traditions. Paul Wheatley The Common Fisheries Policy of the European Community. Mark Wise Geography and Gender. Women and Geography Study Group of the IBG Technological Hazards. D. J. Zeigler , J. H. Johnson , S. D. Brunn  相似文献