岱海水体及沉积物细菌多样性及群落组成特征     

张雨晴  邵克强  胡洋  丁艳青  张恩楼  高光  汤祥明 《湖泊科学》2022,34(6):2070-2082

采用高通量测序技术,研究了内蒙古岱海流域入湖河流、湖水及沉积物细菌多样性及群落组成.结果显示,细菌多样性从高到低依次为：沉积物>河流>湖泊.聚类分析表明入湖河流、湖水和沉积物细菌群落可分为明显不同的3支,说明这3种生境中细菌群落结构有较大差异.物种注释结果表明,河流中优势细菌菌群为髌骨细菌（Patescibacteria）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria）;湖水中优势细菌菌群为放线菌门（Actinobacteria）;而沉积物中优势细菌菌群为变形菌门和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）.典范对应分析及Monte Carlo检验表明,电导率和悬浮物含量对水体中（河流与湖泊）细菌群落影响显著,二者共解释了细菌群落变化的86.5%;而冗余分析及Monte Carlo检验表明,泥深、磁化率和总有机碳对沉积物中细菌群落影响显著,三者共解释了细菌群落变化的47.9%.近30年来,岱海地区气候变化和人类活动导致湖水咸化,沉积物碳氮指标显著增长.岱海水体及沉积物细菌多样性及群落组成的差异及其主要驱动因子,反映了细菌对这种气候变化和人类活动共同作用的响应.  相似文献   

红鳍笛鲷弧菌病病原的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

《广东海洋大学学报》2004,24(6):1-5

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海水养殖中应用蛭弧菌控制病原菌的前景与问题   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨吉霞  徐丽  蔡俊鹏 《广东海洋大学学报》2004,24(3):79-82

蛭弧菌是一类专门以捕食细菌为生的寄生性细菌，由于它具有寄生和裂解细菌的生理特性，尤其是对许多致病菌有裂解作用，越来越多的科研工作者将其视为重要的生物净化因子之一。蛭弧菌在海水养殖中用于控制病原菌，是近几年来的研究热点，蛭弧菌对大多数海产致病菌有较强的裂解能力，能改善水质，安全环保，有可能取代抗生素，成为控制病害的新手段。本文综述了蛭弧菌在海水养殖应用方面的研究情况及存在的问题。  相似文献   

铁细菌在北极特定海区沉积物中的分布   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高爱国  陈皓文 《海洋科学进展》2008,26(3)

用平板法对取自北极加拿大海盆和楚科奇海10个沉积物岩芯中184个样品进行铁细菌检出率和含量分析.结果表明,4 ℃培养时铁细菌的检出率为10.33%,含量范围均为未检出～ 8.40×106 个/g(湿样,下同),平均含量为7.76×104 个/g.25 ℃培养时铁细菌的检出率为40.22%,含量范围均为未检出～1.00×108 个/g,平均含量为1.40×106 个/g.研究区沉积物中铁细菌含量高于太平洋深海沉积物中铁细菌含量;与前人在淡水沉积物中所作的调查相比,研究区的铁细菌含量落在前人调查结果范围内,但比细菌簇中铁细菌含量要低,这表明研究区海底沉积物的微生境较适合铁细菌的繁衍.对铁细菌在不同水深、经纬度以及沉积物深度中的分布进行了讨论,结果表明铁细菌检出率随沉积物深度增加而增大,含量变化呈现出浅层少、下层多之势.铁细菌的纬度分布范围较大,并显出有扩大的趋势.铁细菌含量与检出率随水深加大也呈跳跃式变化,水较深时铁细菌有较高的检出率和数量,但离陆距离的增加又会在物质供应上对其生长产生制约.培养温度对铁细菌分布有一定影响,温度提高不仅提高了铁细菌检出率,也增加了铁细菌的含量.这也许与部分铁细菌的最适宜生长温度较高有关,温度升高有利于某些铁细菌的生长发育.  相似文献   

Antiangiogenic activity of low-temperature lysozyme from a marine bacterium <Emphasis Type="Italic">in vivo</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">in vitro</Emphasis>     

王振华  刘金成  苏爱  孙谧  王春波 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(4):835-844

We extracted marine low-temperature lysozyme (MLTL), a novel lysozyme, from a marine microorganism through fermentation. Our previous study suggested that a low molecular weight (16 kDa) may exert anti-tumor activity through antiangiogenesis. In this study, we extracted a high weight (39 kDa) and investigated its antiangiogenic activity in vivo and in vitro. Using zebrafish embryos as an in vivo study model, we found that treatment with MLTL significantly inhibited the growth of subintestinal vessels (SIVs) in a dose-dependent manner and that 400 μg/ml MLTL was sufficient to block the growth of SIVs. An in vitro study conducted using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) revealed that MLTL suppressed the proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, assays by flow cytometry and DNA electrophoresis indicated that MLTL was able to induce apoptosis of HUVECs. Moreover, further study demonstrated that the disruption of intracellular Ca²⁺ homeostasis may play an important role in MLTL induced apoptosis of HUVECs. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate for the first time that MLTL inhibits angiogenesis through its pleiotropic effects on vascular endothelial cells and induces apoptosis through regulation of cellular Ca²⁺ levels. The results of this study also revealed a possible mechanism underlying the antiangiogenic effect of MLTL and suggested that MLTL may be a promising new antiangiogenic agent for use in cancer therapy.  相似文献   

拮抗香蕉枯萎病菌海洋细菌的筛选和鉴定   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

黄瑶  杨耿周  张雅娟  何秋韵  林巧玲  易润华 《广东海洋大学学报》2009,29(6):72-77

从93份中国南部海域近海海泥样品中分离出1800多株海洋细菌,以对峙培养法,测定海洋细菌对香蕉枯萎菌的拮抗作用,再以琼脂划线培养法(agar streak)测定菌株的抑菌活性,结果表明:约55.6%的菌株对香蕉枯萎菌有一定的拮抗作用,其中58株菌株抑制香蕉枯萎菌生长所形成的抑菌带宽度大于10.0mm,抑菌作用较好,复筛后其中13个菌株形成的抑菌带宽在15.0mm以上。经反复转接和对峙培养,筛选出拮抗效果好、抑菌活性稳定的菌株TC-1,初步鉴定为芽孢杆菌属的细菌,TC-1对14种病原微生物都有较好的抑菌效果。  相似文献   

Isolation and identification of bacteria associated with the surfaces of several algal species     

王子峰  肖天  逄少军  刘敏  岳海东 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(3):487-492

We conducted this study to assess the diversity of bacteria associated with the surfaces of algae based on 16S rDNA sequence analyses.Twelve strains of bacteria were obtained from the surfaces of the following four species of algae:Gracilaria textorii,Ulva pertusa,Laminaria japonica,and Polysiphonia urceolata.The isolated strains of bacteria can be divided into two groups:Halomonas and Vibrio,in physiology,biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analyses.The phylogenetic tree constructed based on ...  相似文献   

Growth of marine bacteria and ammonium regeneration from substrates in different C: N ratios     

WANG Jiangtao  YIN Xiaonan 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(3):59-64

Natural assemblages of marine bacteria were chosen in a batch culture experiments. The impact of varying nitrogen substrate concentrations and the substrate C:N ratios (C:N_S) on the bacterial C:N ratio (C:N_B), the bacterial growth efficiency (BGE) and ammonium regeneration was mainly examined. The C:N_S ratios varied from 5:1 (carbon limitation) to 40:1 (nitrogen limitation) with varying combinations of glucose and NO₃^-. The C:N_B ratio had positive relationship with the C:N_S ratio (r=0.93, n=8), whose value was 3.77 when the C:N_S ratio was 5:1 but increased to 6.47 when the C:NS ratio was 40:1. These results indicate that the C:N_B ratio is a potential diagnostic tool for determining the bacterial growth in natural waters controlled by either, carbon or nitrogen. BGE decreased with the declining nitrate concentration and negatively related to C:N_s (r=-0.51, n=8). The average value of BGE was 0.20. This value was a little lower than other reports, which could be induced by the nitrogen source used in our experiments. Finally, regeneration time of ammonium delayed with the increasing C:N_S ratio, which indicates that there were different metabolism mechanisms when bacterial growth was limited by carbon source and nitrogen source.  相似文献   

Distribution of general aerobic heterotrophic bacteria in sediment core taken from the Canadian basin and the Chukchi Sea     

高爱国  陈皓文 《极地研究(英文版)》2008,19(1):14-22

The occurrence percentage and abundance of General Aerobic Hetero- trophic Bacteria （GAB） were determined by using the method of MPN for 182 sub- samples from 10 sediment cores taken from the Canadian basin and the Chukchi Sea at two different culturing temperatures. The results showed that the general occurrence percentage of GAB was quite high, average abundanees of GAB at cultured temperatares of 4℃ and 25℃ were 4.46 ×10^7 and 5.47×10^7 cells·g^-1（wt）, respectively. The highest abundance of GAB occurred at 20 -22 cm section in the sediment. GAB abundances changed among the section of sediments, but there is a trend ： the a-bundances at the middle or lower sections were lower than those at upper section. Cultivation at 25℃ could improve the occurrence percentage and abundances of GAB, which suggests that the increasing of temperature may change the living circum-stances of GAB. The differences of GAB among the latitudes areas indicated that occurrence percentage and abundances of GAB in middle latitude areas were higher than those in the higher or lower latitude areas, and were more obvious at 4℃ than those at 25℃. The GAB abundances in sediment under the shallower water seemed to be low- er than those in sediments under the deeper water and this status was more obvious at 25℃ than that at 4℃.  相似文献   

口腔细菌的妙用     

《海洋世界》2008,(12):9-9

瑞士科学家最近报道了人类口腔细菌在产生食物独特味道中发挥的作用。科学家在之前的研究中指出，一些蔬菜和水果只有在入口之后才会释放出独特的气味。在这个过程中，许多挥发性的化合物由其前体转化而成。这次，研究者发现，人类口腔中的一种厌氧菌在转化过程中发挥了重要作用，促使了气味的生成。研究者解释说，  相似文献