基于SIFT特征检测和密度峰值聚类的太阳活动区自动检测算法研究          下载免费PDF全文

蒋博  刘磊  郑胜  杨珊珊  曾曙光  黄瑶  罗骁域 《天文学报》2022,63(2):19-73

太阳活动区是太阳大气中产生各种活动现象的区域,精确地检测和识别太阳活动区对理解太阳磁场的形成机制具有极为重要的科学意义.根据太阳活动区结构较为复杂的特点,基于尺度不变特征变换(ScaleInvariant Feature Transform, SIFT)和密度峰值聚类(Clustering by Fast Search and Find of Density Peaks,DPC)算法的优越性,提出了一种太阳活动区的自动检测和识别方法.首先,对太阳动力学天文台(Solar Dynamics Observatory, SDO)日震和磁场成像仪(Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager, HMI)的纵向磁图进行对比度增强;然后采用SIFT方法提取出全日面磁图中的特征点;最后利用DPC算法将特征点进行聚类,从而自动检测和识别出太阳活动区.研究结果表明, SIFT和DPC算法相结合的方法可以在不需要人工交互的情况下准确地自动检测出太阳活动区.  相似文献   

Review of Density Interface Inversion Method in Spatial Domain     

Xuliang Feng 《地球科学进展》2019,34(1):57-71

Inversion of density interfaces using gravity data has traditionally been an important part of gravity research, and plays an increasingly important role in areas such as regional tectonic research and oil and gas exploration.The density interface inversion methods can be divided into the frequency domain and spatial domain methods according to different computing domains. The frequency domain inversion methods have been considered in previous literature. This paper briefly introduced the rationale and the advance of the direct iterative method, the ridge regression method and the regularization method,which are most studied and used among the spatial domain methods. The performance of the three methods showed that the inversion results of the direct iteration method and the ridge regression method are both the smooth shape density interfaces, while the regularization method can estimate the density interfaces of non-smooth morphology, and is convenient to add prior constraint information. The inversion results of density interface are greatly determined by the precision of potential field separation. The prior information should be used as constraints for gravity field separation as far as possible or the layer-by-layer separation technique could be adopted. The density contrast of the density interface also has noticeable impact on the inversion result. It is necessary to make full use of the rock density data to build a three-dimensional density contrast variation model that conforms to the tectonic features to improve the inversion accuracy.In terms of the theory of inversion method, it is also necessary to combine prior constraint information (which can be obtained through drilling and seismic data, etc.) to improve the accuracy of inversion.More importantly, it is necessary to define the corresponding relationship between the inverted density interface and the geological structure interface in order to evaluate the inversion results correctly.Finally, this paper discussed the developing trend and study emphasis for density interface inversion.The inversion methods that are suitable for large regional or global scale need to be studied with the rapid development of gravity observation technology and the diversification of research objectives. With the increasing difficulty of geological target exploration, it is also urgent to study the optimal single-density interface inversion method conforming to the tectonic features and develop the multi-layer density interface inversion method.  相似文献   

基于GEOROC大数据分析地壳厚度地球化学指标     

葛粲  汪方跃  李永东  李晓晖  李修钰  周宇章  袁峰  李建设  陆三明 《岩石学报》2018,34(11):3179-3188

前人研究认为,火山岩中部分地球化学指标与岩浆弧地壳厚度之间存在一定的相关性,并通过统计主量元素K2O、Ca O和Na2O指标及微量元素Ce/Y、Sm/Yb、Dy/Yb、Sr/Y、La/Yb指标与地壳厚度之间关系,约束地质史上某些区域的地壳厚度发展和变化。本文基于GEOROC数据库,以Si O2含量57%和火山岩年龄23Ma为界,将全球火山岩数据分成年轻-壳源( 57%,23Ma)、年轻-幔源(57%,23Ma)、古老-壳源( 57%, 23Ma)和古老-幔源(57%, 23Ma)四个数据集,并通过核函数估计方法获得了各个地球化学指标与地壳厚度的归一化联合概率密度分布图。本文统计结果表明,年轻-幔源火山岩中的K2O含量分布与壳源火山岩呈现指数正相关关系、Ca O含量分布于地壳厚度呈现线性负相关关系,年轻-壳源火山岩中Ce/Y、La/Yb和Sm/Yb与现今地壳厚度有指数正相关关系。由以上5种地化指标建立的回归方程确定系数R2均大于0. 7,可以认为相关关系显著。本文认为幔源岩浆在穿透地壳到达地表过程中,地壳厚度控制了富K壳源物质进入地幔熔体和富Ca矿物结晶分异过程,导致了火山岩中K2O和Ca O含量的相关变化;而下地壳部分熔融形成的壳源岩浆,不同深度压力控制了残留相矿物比例,导致Ce/Y、La/Yb和Sm/Yb体现出与地壳厚度的相关性。本文建立的回归函数是基于大量数据概率密度分布的统计分析得出的,由于离群数据普遍存在,回溯历史地壳厚度变化需要大量数据统计支撑,否则难以获得可靠的结果。  相似文献   

苏南太湖流域污染企业集聚与水环境污染空间耦合关系   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

张姗姗  张磊  张落成  高爽 《地理科学》2018,38(6):954-962

以苏南太湖流域为例,利用核密度分析法对分行业污染密集型制造业的空间集聚及与水环境污染之间的空间耦合关系进行研究,结果显示：① 污染密集型企业主要集中在无锡市的惠山区、江阴市的东部、常州市与武进区相邻部分区域、昆山市等地区,常州市整体上污染密集型企业分布较少;② 将制造业集聚与水环境污染空间耦合关系分为高集聚-高污染、低集聚-高污染、低集聚-低污染、高集聚-低污染4种类型,4种类型区面积分别为781.25、2 993.75、12 187.50、1 187.50 km²,分别占研究区总面积的4.56%,17.46%,71.06%,6.92%,两者间正向耦合效应明显,说明制造业在空间上的集聚是造成水环境污染的重要原因之一。  相似文献   

288.15 K-323.15 K下氯化锂、硫酸锂溶液的密度及摩尔体积研究          下载免费PDF全文

马修臻  胡斌  高丹丹  李武  董亚萍 《盐湖研究》2017,25(4):32-32

用振荡管密度计测定了常压下,温度在288.15-323.15 K范围内不同离子强度的LiCl和 Li₂SO₄溶液的密度,计算了两种锂盐在不同温度下的表观摩尔体积,溶液的浓度范围分别为(0.1~18.9) mol·kg-1及(0.03~3.0)mol·kg-1。用Pitzer离子相互作用模型拟合了LiCl和Li₂SO₄不同温度下的的Pitzer单电解质体积参数,模型的计算值与实验值相吻合良好。  相似文献   

Transport properties of low-sanidine single-crystals, glasses and melts at high temperature     

Maik Pertermann  Alan G. Whittington  Anne M. Hofmeister  Frank J. Spera  John Zayak 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2008,155(6):689-702

Thermal diffusivity (D) was measured using laser-flash analysis from oriented single-crystal low-sanidine (K_0.92Na_0.08Al_0.99Fe³⁺ _0.005Si_2.95O₈), and three glasses near KAlSi₃O₈. Viscosity measurements of the three supercooled liquids, in the range 10^6.8 to 10^12.3 Pa s, confirm near-Arrhenian behavior, varying subtly with composition. For crystal and glass, D decreases with T, approaching a constant near 1,000 K: D _sat ∼ 0.65 ± 0.3 mm² s⁻¹ for bulk crystal and ∼0.53 ± 0.03 mm² s⁻¹ for the glass. A rapid decrease near 1,400 K is consistent with crossing the glass transition. Melt behavior is approximated by D = 0.475 ± 0.01 mm² s⁻¹. Thermal conductivity (k _lat) of glass, calculated using previous heat capacity (C _P) and new density data, increases with T because C _P strongly increases with T. For melt, k _lat reaches a plateau near 1.45 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹, and is always below k _lat of the crystal. Melting of potassium feldspars impedes heat transport, providing positive thermal feedback that may promote further melting in continental crust.  相似文献   

The significance of meteorite density and porosity   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

G.J. Consolmagno  D.T. Britt  R.J. Macke 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2008,68(1):1-29

Non-destructive, non-contaminating, and relatively simple procedures can be used to measure the bulk density, grain density, and porosity of meteorites. Most stony meteorites show a relatively narrow range of densities, but differences within this range can be useful indicators of the abundance and oxidation state of iron and the presence or absence of volatiles. Typically, ordinary chondrites have a porosity of just under 10%, while most carbonaceous chondrites (with notable exceptions) are more than 20% porous. Such measurements provide important clues to the nature of the physical processes that formed and evolved both the meteorites themselves and their parent bodies. When compared with the densities of small solar system bodies, one can deduce the nature of asteroid and comet interiors, which in turn reflect the accretional and collisional environment of the early solar system.  相似文献   

Density‐Dependent Effects in Jehlius cirratus (Darwin, 1854) (Cirripedia: Chthamalidae) under Different Growth Conditions     

Daniel A. Lpez  María L. Gonzlez 《Marine Ecology》2003,24(4):289-302

Abstract. We analyse the effects of crowding (‘hummocking’) on the growth, reproduction and mortality of the chthamaloid barnacle Jehlius cirratus ( Darwin, 1854 ) on the coast of Chile. Recruitment intensity, ranging from solitary individuals to dense groups, generates different growth conditions. Density‐dependent effects are reflected in the shape, growth parameters, fecundity, sexual maturity and mortality of solitary and crowded specimens. The skewing of size distribution during growth was not significant at the beginning of the growth period, irrespective of initial density. Nevertheless, skewness in size increased with time, both at high and low densities, indicating that the dominance and suppression exerted by larger specimens over smaller ones generate a density‐dependent effect on size during growth. Mortality was greatest when high‐density recruitment occurred immediately before the period when water temperature and food quantity are highest (spring), when it is assumed that growth is greatest; this seasonal effect was not detected at lower levels of recruitment density. Similarly, no differences in mortality were detected between recruitment densities during the period when temperatures are lowest (autumn) and growth is probably slower. In the middle‐high intertidal zone, where J. cirratus co‐exists with Notochthamalus scabrosus ( Darwin, 1854 ), the proportion of dead J. cirratus specimens was directly related both to the relative abundance of N. scabrosus and the total barnacle density. Although the mortality of J. cirratus was density dependent, the increase in the number of N. scabrosus towards the lower section of the middle intertidal zone could have a greater effect on J. cirratus mortality than intra‐specific competition.  相似文献   

浮游植物密度和池水透明度对中国对虾增长速率的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

矫晓阳 《海洋科学》1993,17(4):65-67

1991年6月20日～9月11日,于大连市营城子镇东小磨对虾养殖场3号虾池采水样,固定后,检测浮游植物数量,同时测定透明度和对虾体长。实验结果见图1、图2,表1。结果表明,浮游植物密度、池水透明度和对虾体长增长速率三者之间有着密切的相互关系。  相似文献   

Meiobenthos in Nha trang bay of the south China sea (Vietnam)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Olga N. Pavlyuk  Julia A. Trebukhova 《Ocean Science Journal》2006,41(3):139-148

The distribution of the taxonomical composition and the density of meiobenthos depending on the sediment type has been studied in bottom sediments of Nha Trang Bay. The maximal population density and the taxonomical diversity were observed in the silted coarse and heterogeneous sand (1031.4μ419.7 ind. 10 cm^-2), whereas the minimal level of density and diversity (588.1μ152.5 ind. 10 cm^-2) was in the coarse and heterogeneous sand with shell debris and corals. The correlation between the median diameter of sediment particles and population density of meiobenthos has been revealed (r=0.82, p<0.05). In bottom sediments of Nha Trang Bay, twenty six taxonomic groups of meiobenthos were observed. Nematodes dominated in all sediment types. Representatives of four orders, twenty eight families and ninety seven genera of marine nematodes were identified. The vertical distribution of meiobenthos in different sediment types was considered. A sediment column (10 cm height) was sectioned by five 2 cm portions. In the last layer (8-10 cm) the most number of meiobenthic groups was found in sandy sediments. In the lower layers of silt sediments, only nematodes were found.  相似文献