我国东北及邻近地区年平均气温异常及其对北半球气候变暖和欧亚雪盖面积的响应   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

侯依玲  李栋梁  施雅风  沈永平 《冰川冻土》2006,28(6):900-908

根据我国东北及邻近地区201个常规气象台站的年平均气温资料,利用EOF和分段线性拟合等方法分析了该地区气温异常的年代际特征及其对北半球气温和欧亚雪盖面积的响应.结果表明:我国东北及邻近地区年平均气温异常主要有全区一致型和南北反向型两种.近50 a来气温总体呈单调上升趋势,尤其是1990年代后期增温趋势更加明显,时间上东部早于西部.结合降水,1980年代起东北北部由冷干向暖湿转变,而华北区则由暖湿向暖干转变.东北北部升温单调、剧烈、显著,南部在1968和1985年曾两次发生突变,经历过1970-1980年代初的低温后增温趋势更加剧烈,其增温率几乎是第一次突变前的两倍.分析认为,我国东北及邻近地区大范围整体变暖与北半球平均气温的升高相一致;东北部气温的年际变化还受到欧亚雪盖面积的影响.  相似文献   

欧亚大陆桥(中国段)沿线植被与风沙天气分布的关系分析     

陈添宇  余优森  陈臻妹 《干旱气象》1999,(3)

用３０ 年平均气象资料和夏季ＮＯＡＡ卫星ＡＶＨＲＲ 资料,分析欧亚大陆桥（ 中国段） 沿线的气候、植被特征及其关系。对影响铁路运输的风沙天气等气象灾害资料与沿线植被资料,进行了较深入的对比分析和讨论。  相似文献   

Paleomagnetism of the Late Cretaceous ignimbrite from the Okhotsk-Chukotka Volcanic Belt,Kolyma-Omolon Composite Terrane: Tectonic implications     

《Journal of Geodynamics》2015

New Late Cretaceous paleomagnetic results from the Okhotsk-Chukotka Volcanic Belt in the Kolyma-Omolon Composite Terrane yield stable and consistent remanent directions. The Late Cretaceous (86–81 Ma) ignimbrites from the Kholchan and Ola suites were sampled at 19 sites in the Magadan area (60.4° N, 151.0° E). We isolated the characteristic paleomagnetic directions from 16 sampled sites using an alternating field demagnetization procedure. The primary nature of these directions is ascertained by dual polarities and positive fold tests. A tilt-corrected mean direction (D = 42.8°, I = 84.7°, k = 46.0, α₉₅ = 10.0°) yields a paleomagnetic pole of 66.7° N, 168.5° E (A₉₅ = 18.8°) which appears almost identical to the 90–67 Ma pole reported from the Lake El’gygytgyn area of the Okhotsk-Chukotka Volcanic Belt (Chukotka Terrane). This consistency suggests that the Kolyma-Omolon Composite Terrane and Chukotka Terrane has acted as a single tectonic unit since 80 Ma without any significant internal deformation. Accordingly, we calculate a combined 80 Ma characteristic paleomagnetic pole (Long. = 164.7° E, Lat. = 68.0°, A₉₅ = 10.9°, N = 12) for the Kolyma-Omolon-Chukotka Block which falls 16.5–17.5° south of the same age poles from Europe and East Asia. We ascribe this discrepancy in pole positions to tectonic activity in the area and infer a southward displacement of 1640 ± 1380 km for the Kolyma-Omolon-Chukotka Block with respect to the North American and Eurasian blocks since 80 Ma; more than 260 km of it is attributed to tectonic displacement in the Arctic Ocean due to the opening of the Canadian Basin.  相似文献   

历史视角下亚欧大陆海陆交通可达性空间格局演化     

李鲁奇  吴启焰  刘可文  梁双波  钱超峰 《地理学报》2020,75(4):804-819

亚欧大陆是世界政治舞台的中心和“一带一路”倡议所覆盖的主要地区。相关研究多侧重共时性分析,较少关注其交通格局的长时段演化。因此本文选取古代、近代、现代和当代四个时期,对亚欧大陆海陆交通格局的演化进行初步分析,以进一步把握“一带一路”倡议的历史角色和战略部署。研究表明,各地区联通程度在整体上持续上升,可达性在全局呈均衡化趋势,而交通网络在局部则呈极化趋势,关键枢纽地位凸显,同时有重要战略意义的交通线对可达性和地缘格局影响强烈。因此在“一带一路”建设中,应从更长时间尺度认识其历史意义,坚持去中心化合作策略,充分利用和培育关键枢纽,并建设亚欧高速铁路等具有战略优势的干线。  相似文献   

Structural deformation and evolution of right-lateral strike-slip tectonics of the Liaohe western depression during the early Cenozoic     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2013

The Tan-Lu fault zone (TLFZ) traverses the Liaohe western depression (LHWD), affords an exceptional opportunity to reveal the structural deformation and evolution of a major strike-slip fault of the LHWD using three dimensional seismic data and well data. In this paper, based on structural interpretations of the 3-D seismic data of the LHWD, combined with depth slice and seismic coherency, a variety of structural features in relation to right-lateral strike-slip fault (the western branch of the Tan-Lu fault) have been revealed presence in the depression, such as thrust faults (Xinlongtai, Taian-Dawa, and Chenjia faults), structural wedges, positive flower structures, and en echelon normal faults. Fault cutoffs, growth strata and the Neogene unconformity developed in the LHWD verify that the activity of right-lateral strike-slip from the late Eocene to Neogene (ca. 43–23 Ma). The study indicates that the right-lateral strike-slip played an important role in controlling the structural deformation and evolution of the LHWD in the early Cenozoic. Moreover, the front structural wedge generated the gross morphology of the Xinlongtai anticline and developed the Lengdong faulted anticline during the late Eocene, and the back structural wedge refolded the Lengdong faulted anticline zone in the late Eocene to the early Oligocene. Wrench-related structures (the Chenjia thrust fault and the en echelon normal faults) were developed during the late Oligocene. Uniform subsidence in the Neogene to Quaternary. Furthermore, the driving force of the right-lateral strike-slip deformation was originated from N–S extension stress related to the opening of the Japan Sea and NE–SW compression, as the far-field effect of India–Eurasia convergence.  相似文献   

Cenozoic Eurasia is not a single rigid plate: Paleomagnetic evidence     

Jean-Pascal Cogné 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2013,345(11-12):419-426

The widely distributed Cenozoic paleomagnetic inclination anomaly in Asia is usually attributed to either a widespread error of magnetic field recording due to an inclination flattening mechanism in sediments, or to the persistence of an anomalous non-dipolar component of the geomagnetic field throughout the Tertiary. Based on an analysis of the Asian paleomagnetic database for Meso-Cenozoic times, we suggest that instead this puzzling anomaly results from an overlooked global plate tectonics cause where the wide so-called Eurasian plate would have suffered from previously undetected transpressive north–south relative movements between its western and eastern ends since the Cretaceous. These relative movements are most probably accommodated by a component of right-lateral shear movement distributed in the Tornquist–Tesseyre zone, and a localized left-lateral shear movement in the Ural Mountain chain during the Tertiary. Therefore, Eurasia was not the single rigid plate that Cenozoic plate reconstructions have accepted.  相似文献   

冬季欧亚海平面气压场主要空间模态的年代际变化特征     

杨秋明 《气候变化研究进展》2008,4(4):240-244

 运用非线性主成分分析法对欧亚地区1948-2007年冬季海平面气压距平场进行分析。结果表明：冬季欧亚地区海平面气压异常变率具有显著的非线性特征,当非线性主成分取不同的异常值时,对应的空间气压异常分布型具有显著的非对称性。同时,第一非线性模态（NLPC1）年际振荡强度和周期在20世纪70年代初存在明显的年代际变化,1970年以后,年际振荡强度显著增强。  相似文献   

冬季欧亚大陆北部新增雪盖面积变化与中国夏季气候异常的关系   总被引：15，自引：9，他引：6  

穆松宁  周广庆 《大气科学》2010,34(1):213-226

利用美国冰雪资料中心 (The National Snow and Ice Data Center) 提供的近40年逐周的卫星反演雪盖资料, 考察了冬季欧亚大陆北部新增雪盖面积 (Total Fresh Snow Extent, 冬季TFSE) 与我国夏季 (6～8月) 气候异常的关系。分析发现, 冬季TFSE与我国夏季气候异常存在明显关联: 当冬季TFSE偏大时, 夏季贝加尔湖以东易盛行异常冷低压, 内蒙古东部和东北西部易出现凉夏, 同时, 东亚副热带西风急流增强, 西太平洋副热带高压易加强且西伸和北扩, 江南地区在副高的控制下易干热; 冬季TFSE偏小时的情况相反。这种显著关联独立于ENSO事件, 并且在近40年来较为稳定; 冬季TFSE与我国江南夏季降水在20世纪90年代初均发生过一次十年际尺度变化, 表现为在20世纪90年代初之后, 冬季TFSE (江南降水) 明显减小 (增多), 同时, 冬季TFSE与江淮夏季降水的正相关关系明显增强。进一步的分析表明, 冬季TFSE可能通过某种途径来影响东亚副热带急流的变化, 进而影响我国夏季气候异常。  相似文献   

欧亚大陆季节增（融）雪盖面积变化特征分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

穆松宁  周广庆 《气候与环境研究》2009,14(5):491-508

利用美国冰雪资料中心(National Snow and Ice Data Center)提供的近40年逐周的卫星反演雪盖资料,定义了各季节新增(融化)雪盖而积指数(fresh snow extent),即增/融雪覆盖率P_(FSE)、增/融雪面积A_(FSE)、欧亚大陆北部增/融雪面积之和T_(FSE),针对欧亚大陆各季节平均的雪盖面积本身(snow extent,P_(SE)、A_(SE)、T_(SE)和其增(融)雪盖面积,分析比较二者的变化特征.结果表明,欧亚大陆各季节平均的雪盖面积和相应增(融)雪盖面积不论是气候态分布还是其年际、十年际变化均有明显不同,其中以冬、春季差别更为明显;夏、秋季二者虽有较好的一致性,但增(融)雪盖面积的变率明显强于雪盖而积本身;另外,冬季欧洲新增雪盖对欧业北部冬季雪盖面积以及其后的春季雪盖都有较显著的影响,而春季欧洲和中纬度亚洲地区的融雪则受到冬、春两季雪盖情况的影响.进一步分析欧亚大陆冬、春两季增(融)雪盖与ENSO关系显示,二者除在个别地区(两伯利业北部、欧洲中东部以及青藏高原)存在较明显关系外,整体上,欧亚大陆北部雪盖变化既不受控于ENSO,也不会显著影响ENSO.  相似文献   

The distribution of microfossil assemblages in Proterozoic rocks     

V.N. Sergeev   《Precambrian Research》2009,173(1-4):212

A biostratigraphic model of the temporal distribution of distinctive Proterozoic microfossil assemblages is suggested, based on studies of upper Precambrian chert-embedded and compression-preserved organic-walled microfossils from the reference sections of Eurasia, North America and Australia. Microfossils from 2.0 to 0.542 Ga can be divided into seven successive informal global units which can be compared to standard units of the International and Russian time scales. Each unit is characterized by a particular association of taxa, typified by the fossil assemblage that gives it its name. These form broad biostratigraphic units comparable to assemblage zones of Phanerozoic successions; in general (but with minor differences) they correspond to chronostratigraphic units accepted by the Internal Commission on Stratigraphy. The units are: (1) Labradorian, the upper part of the Paleoproterozoic (Orosirian and Statherian), 2.0–1.65 Ga; (2) Anabarian, lower Mesoproterozoic (Calymmian–Ectasian)/Lower Riphean–lower Middle Riphean, 1.65–1.2 Ga; (3) Turukhanian, upper Mesoproterozoic (Stenian)/upper Middle Riphean, 1.2–1.03 Ga; (4) Uchuromayan, lower Neoproterozoic (late Stenian–Tonian)/lower Upper Riphean, 1.03–0.85 Ga; (5) Yuzhnouralian, upper Neoproterozoic (Cryogenian)/upper Upper Riphean, 0.85–0.63 Ga; (6) Amadeusian, lower Ediacaran/lower Vendian, 0.63–0.55 Ga; (7) Belomorian, upper Ediacaran/upper Vendian, 0.55–0.542 Ga.  相似文献