Cenozoic Eurasia is not a single rigid plate: Paleomagnetic evidence     

Jean-Pascal Cogné 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2013,345(11-12):419-426

The widely distributed Cenozoic paleomagnetic inclination anomaly in Asia is usually attributed to either a widespread error of magnetic field recording due to an inclination flattening mechanism in sediments, or to the persistence of an anomalous non-dipolar component of the geomagnetic field throughout the Tertiary. Based on an analysis of the Asian paleomagnetic database for Meso-Cenozoic times, we suggest that instead this puzzling anomaly results from an overlooked global plate tectonics cause where the wide so-called Eurasian plate would have suffered from previously undetected transpressive north–south relative movements between its western and eastern ends since the Cretaceous. These relative movements are most probably accommodated by a component of right-lateral shear movement distributed in the Tornquist–Tesseyre zone, and a localized left-lateral shear movement in the Ural Mountain chain during the Tertiary. Therefore, Eurasia was not the single rigid plate that Cenozoic plate reconstructions have accepted.  相似文献   

NCEP集合预报系统在亚欧和北美区域的预报效果对比   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

段明铿  王盘兴  李驰钦 《南京气象学院学报》2012,(6):641-651

使用NCEP集合预报系统（EPS）输出的500hPa位势高度场预报资料和相应的NCEP／NCAR再分析资料,针对集合平均预报和概率预报,采用多种预报效果检验评价方法,对该系统在亚欧和北美区域的预报效果进行全面的分析比较。总体而言,NCEP—EPS对亚欧区域的环流集合预报效果不亚于其对北关区域的预报效果。1）ACC检验表明,亚欧区域的集合平均预报效果在除冬季外的三个季节都明显优于北美区域,可用预报的时效相差达0．6～1d,且夏季的差别最大。RMSE检验表明,亚欧区域的预报效果在四个季节里均优于北美区域。2）集合概率预报可靠性的季节差别不明显,均为预报时效较短（长）时,北关（亚欧）区域的可靠性更好。系统对亚欧区域的事件识别范围相对较小,但其预报可靠性较高,北美区域则正好相反。3）夏季亚欧区域的集合概率预报效果明显优于北美区域,秋季和冬季北关区域的预报效果较好,春季在预报时效小于5d时北美区域占优,而其后则是亚欧区域的预报分辨能力更好。  相似文献   

The nature and cause of polarization anomalies of surface waves crossing northern and central Eurasia   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Anatoli L. Levshin  Michael H. Ritzwoller  Ludmila I. Ratnikova 《Geophysical Journal International》1994,117(3):577-590

  相似文献   

Crustal structure of the Madeira–Tore Rise, eastern North Atlantic—results of a DOBS wide-angle and normal incidence seismic experiment in the Josephine Seamount region     

C. Peirce  P. J. Barton 《Geophysical Journal International》1991,106(2):357-378

  相似文献   

Geochemistry and geochronology of the Neoproterozoic Pan-African Transcaucasian Massif (Republic of Georgia) and implications for island arc evolution of the late Precambrian Arabian–Nubian Shield   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Guram S. Zakariadze  Yildirim Dilek  S.A. Adamia  R.E. Oberhnsli  S.F. Karpenko  B.A. Bazylev  N. Solov'eva 《Gondwana Research》2007,11(1-2):92

The Transcaucasian Massif (TCM) in the Republic of Georgia includes Neoproterozoic–Early Cambrian ophiolites and magmatic arc assemblages that are reminiscent of the coeval island arc terranes in the Arabian–Nubian Shield (ANS) and provides essential evidence for Pan-African crustal evolution in Western Gondwana. The metabasite–plagiogneiss–migmatite association in the Oldest Basement Unit (OBU) of TCM represents a Neoproterozoic oceanic lithosphere intruded by gabbro–diorite–quartz diorite plutons of the Gray Granite Basement Complex (GGBC) that constitute the plutonic foundation of an island arc terrane. The Tectonic Mélange Zone (TMZ) within the Middle-Late Carboniferous Microcline Granite Basement Complex includes thrust sheets composed of various lithologies derived from this arc-ophiolite assemblage. The serpentinized peridotites in the OBU and the TMZ have geochemical features and primary spinel composition (0.35) typical of mid-ocean ridge (MOR)-type, cpx-bearing spinel harzburgites. The metabasic rocks from these two tectonic units are characterized by low-K, moderate-to high-Ti, olivine-hypersthene-normative, tholeiitic basalts representing N-MORB to transitional to E-MORB series. The analyzed peridotites and volcanic rocks display a typical melt-residua genetic relationship of MOR-type oceanic lithosphere. The whole-rock Sm–Nd isotopic data from these metabasic rocks define a regression line corresponding to a maximum age limit of 804 ± 100 Ma and εNd_int = 7.37 ± 0.55. Mafic to intermediate plutonic rocks of GGBC show tholeiitic to calc-alkaline evolutionary trends with LILE and LREE enrichment patterns, Y and HREE depletion, and moderately negative anomalies of Ta, Nb, and Ti, characteristic of suprasubduction zone originated magmas. U–Pb zircon dates, Rb–Sr whole-rock isochron, and Sm–Nd mineral isochron ages of these plutonic rocks range between  750 Ma and 540 Ma, constraining the timing of island arc construction as the Neoproterozoic–Early Cambrian. The Nd and Sr isotopic ratios and the model and emplacement ages of massive quartz diorites in GGBC suggest that pre-Pan African continental crust was involved in the evolution of the island arc terrane. This in turn indicates that the ANS may not be made entirely of juvenile continental crust of Neoproterozoic age. Following its separation from ANS in the Early Paleozoic, TCM underwent a period of extensive crustal growth during 330–280 Ma through the emplacement of microcline granite plutons as part of a magmatic arc system above a Paleo-Tethyan subduction zone dipping beneath the southern margin of Eurasia. TCM and other peri-Gondwanan terranes exposed in a series of basement culminations within the Alpine orogenic belt provide essential information on the Pan-African history of Gondwana and the rift-drift stages of the tectonic evolution of Paleo-Tethys as a back-arc basin between Gondwana and Eurasia.  相似文献   

“神舟七号”飞船主着陆场区强对流天气的大尺度环流特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王红军  刘培宁  刘文菁  潘维玉 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2009,3(6):1-6

利用NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料,研究2008年8—9月内蒙主着陆场区强对流天气形成的气候背景和大尺度环流特征,结果表明：前期赤道西太平洋海表温度、欧亚和青藏高原积雪与河套以北地区降水关系密切。极涡中心8月位于东半球、9月位于西半球,是场区前期降水偏多和后期气温偏高的原因之一。欧亚经、纬向环流的偏强,有利于南北方冷暖空气的交汇。副高异常偏强偏西及活跃的印缅槽为场区提供了充沛的水汽和强对流天气必要的扰动能量。中低层偏南风距平和偏北风距平在淮河以北地区汇合与长时间维持,是场区降水异常和强对流偏多的主要原因。  相似文献   

青藏高原东部及周边现时地壳运动   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

刘宇平  陈智梁  唐文清  赵济湘  张选阳  张清志  Robert W. King  Burrcel C. Burchfiel  Leigh H. Royden 《沉积与特提斯地质》2003,23(4):1-8

通过1991—2001年期间在青藏高原东部及周边地区的GPS测量,获得该地区不同参考框架下的地壳运动速度场,其测量的速度精度高于2mm／yr。印度板块与华北地块之间的地壳形变分为喜马拉雅及高原南部、高原中部(拉萨—格尔木)和高原北部(格尔木—金塔)三部分,它们分别吸收了印度板块与欧亚板块汇聚速率的43％、24％和32％。在欧亚框架下和相对于成都,印度板块和华南地块之间存在着以东喜马拉雅构造结为轴心的顺时针巨型涡旋构造——滇藏涡旋构造,运动速度分别为26～6mm／yr和24～7mm／yr,总体上从北东方向转变为南东和南西方向,有别于青藏高原中部的北东方向。滇藏涡旋和东喜马拉雅构造结的形成与南迦巴瓦—阿萨姆“犄角”的楔入作用有关。  相似文献   

欧亚大陆及西太平洋边缘海瑞利面波频散反演   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

徐宏斌  朱介寿 《地震工程学报》2006,28(4):314-318

从亚洲、欧洲及西太平洋地区台网113个数字地震台所记录的分布在40°W~180°E,40°S~80°N范围内近万个地震事件中,挑选出发生在1982-2005年间,震级绝大部分在5.0~7.0之间,震源深度小于100 km的1 700余个事件。共得到周期在8~400 s之间9 980余条质量较高的瑞利面波频散曲线进行面波频散反演,得到欧亚大陆及西太平洋边缘海28个周期的群速度分布图。反映了欧亚大陆及西太平洋边缘海横向和纵向存在着明显的非均匀性。  相似文献   

东亚西太平洋岩石圈三维结构及其地幔动力学   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

朱介寿 《地学前缘》2007,14(3):1-20

欧亚大陆及其边缘海地区是由约30多块尺度不同、形成时代和性质各异的板块或地块拼合而成。这些岩石圈板块或地块经过长时间的漂移,多次聚合与分离,碰撞与增生,在新生代最后形成现代的拼合欧亚大陆。欧亚大陆及其边缘海的板块或地块可以分为以下六类:(1)前寒武纪巨型克拉通地块及地盾;(2)前寒武纪小型克拉通地块及板块;(3)显生宙造山带及汇聚地块;(4)陆陆碰撞型地块及造山带;(5)新生代边缘海海盆;(6)大陆裂谷盆地及增生地块。高分辨率地震面波层析成像,显示同一类型的板块或地块的岩石圈和软流圈的速度结构十分相似,呈现出其独有的速度分布特征。不同类型板块或地块的速度结构有重大差异。直到400km深度,各个板块和地块的横向差异才逐渐减小。一般而言,前寒武纪克拉通板块及地块的岩石圈巨厚具有高速性质、软流圈很薄或不存在;边缘海、造山带等区域岩石圈较薄和速度较低,软流圈发育。根据欧亚大陆及边缘海地区天然地震层析成像,人工地震剖面数据及其他有关资料,建立了欧亚大陆及其边缘海岩石圈模型。  相似文献   

近40年来河套及其邻近地区降水变化趋势的初步研究   总被引：7，自引：11，他引：7  

钟海玲  李栋梁  陈晓光 《高原气象》2006,25(5):900-905

选用河套及其邻近地区58个气象站建站至2003年历年各月降水资料,分析了河套及其邻近地区降水的气候变化特征。结果表明:该地区降水量总体上是东南多、西北少,等雨量线呈东北—西南走向。降水量最小的地方在河套地区西北部,最大的地方在河套地区东南部。由于受下垫面地理特征、蒙古高压和青藏高原东北侧反气旋(小高压)的影响,降水梯度西南大于东北。降水变化的整体性较好,但也存在南北差异。近40年来河套地区降水西北部和东南部分别以2%/10a和3%/10a的速度在减少,但20世纪90年代末,21世纪初降水又有回升趋势。进一步研究表明,河套及其邻近地区降水异常与欧亚雪盖面积变化有关,当秋季欧亚雪盖面积增大,则次年河套及其邻近地区降水增多,反之亦然。  相似文献