基于GeoDA的哈大齐工业走廊GDP空间关联性   总被引：14，自引：1，他引：13  

万鲁河  王绍巍  陈晓红 《地理研究》2011,30(6):977-984

利用地理空间分析方法和空间分析软件,分析了哈大齐工业走廊2008年各县GDP空间分布状况,包括各县之间GDP水平的空间关联性、各县GDP水平与人口的空间关联性.研究发现:该时期内哈大齐工业走廊各县GDP水平在空间关联性上成正相关,相关系数较小,GDP空间分布并非表现出完全随机性,而是表现出空间相似值之间的空间聚集.GD...  相似文献   

These lit areas are undeveloped: Delimiting China’s urban extents from thresholded nighttime light imagery     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2016

Nighttime light imagery is a powerful tool to study urbanization because it can provide a uniform metric, lit area, to delimit urban extents. However, lit area is much larger than actual urban area, so thresholds of digital number (DN) values are usually needed to reduce the lit area. The threshold varies greatly among different regions, but at present it is still not very clear what factors impact the changes of the threshold. In this study, urban extent by province for China is mapped using official statistical data and four intercalibrated and geometrically corrected nighttime light images between 2004 and 2010. Lit area in the imagery for most provinces is at least 94% greater than the official amount of urban area. Regression analyses show a significant correlation between optimal thresholds and GDP per capita, and larger thresholds more commonly indicate higher economic level. Size and environmental condition may explain a province’s threshold that is disproportionate to GDP. Findings indicate one threshold DN is not appropriate for multiple (adjacent) province urban extent mapping, and optimal thresholds for one year may be notably different than the next. Province-level derived thresholds are not appropriate for other geographic levels. Brightness of nighttime lights is an advantage over imagery that relies on daylight reflection, and decreases in brightness indicate faster growth in the horizontal direction than the vertical. A province’s optimal threshold does not always maintain an increase with population and economic growth. In the economically developed eastern provinces, urban population densities decreased (and this is seen in the brightness data), while urban population increased.  相似文献   

我国经济增长的自组织模型研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

鲍爱根  何跃  贺昌政 《成都信息工程学院学报》2004,19(1):107-110

经济系统的复杂性决定了经济变动及影响因素解释的困难性.应用自组织数据挖掘方法,建立一个解释我国GDP增长的自组织模型,同时与用主成分分析方法建立的GDP增长模型进行比较,分析影响我国经济增长的主要因素,并在此基础上提出相应的对策思路.  相似文献   

1992—2017年基于夜光遥感的中亚社会经济发展时空特征分析     

朱惠  张清凌  张珊 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(7):1449-1462

中亚各国自独立以来,先后经历了政治经济改革、俄罗斯金融危机、全球金融危机、国际原料价格浮动等多次重大事件。为研究中亚地区1992—2017年近30年的社会经济发展变化,以DMSP/OLS、NPP/VIIRS夜光数据以及年鉴数据为数据源,采用夜光总量（SNL）、夜光增长率（PNLG）等指数并结合社会经济参量对中亚社会经济的时空动态发展过程及驱动因子进行分析,研究结果表明：① 夜光可较好的反映中亚国家社会经济发展的时空变化,且夜光对社会经济发展变化的反映较GDP等社会经济参量更直观更敏感;② 独立初期的社会经济改革对中亚地区影响大、范围广,仅土库曼斯坦夜光总量（SNL）增长4.5%,其他各国夜光总量（SNL）均有下滑;③ 20世纪以来的中亚国家由于基础条件、资源禀赋等的差异,各国间差距逐渐拉大,抗风险能力差异大。如全球金融危机（2008年）对塔吉克斯坦影响最大（PNLG=-36.4%）,哈萨克斯坦影响最小（PNLG=-3.6%）;④ 中亚国家易受国际能源市场价格的影响尤其是油气价格增长。通过夜光对中亚社会经济的研究分析,能为中亚区域安全保障以及“一带一路”倡议的实施提供决策参考。  相似文献   

一种DMSP/OLS稳定夜间灯光影像中国区域的校正方法     

张佰发  苗长虹  宋雅宁  王娟娟 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(8):1679-1691

随着遥感技术的快速发展,国防气象卫星计划作战线扫描系统（DMSP/OLS）夜间灯光图像开始更多的应用于人文经济研究中。由于原始影像存在较多问题,如DN值饱和、年际不连续问题等,因此在使用之前需要对影像进行校正。“传统不变区域法”是应用较为广泛的校正方法,但仍存在部分问题,如未考虑目标区域长时间尺度上的微弱变化以及连续校正前基准年份的选取。本文对传统不变目标区域法进行改良,以黑龙江鹤岗市作为不变目标区域,选取3期辐射定标影像作为参考影像对DMSP/OLS稳定夜间灯光影像进行饱和校正,通过对比各年份影像饱和校正情况,选出最为合理的基准年份,从而对饱和校正后的影像进行连续性校正。为验证影像校正精度,本文从国家像元DN值、省级GDP与电力消费量、地级市GDP和县域GDP 4个层面与对应DN值进行线性回归检验,结果显示经改进方法校正后DMSP/OLS稳定夜间灯光影像TDN与市级GDP的拟合度（R2）平均值为0.85,远大于传统方法校正TDN与市级GDP拟合度（R2）平均值的0.53,且随着时间推移,传统不变目标区域法校正后拟合度逐渐降低至2013年的0.40,而利用改进后方法进行校正的拟合度未出现递减现象,2013年其R2仍为0.88,表明与传统不变区域法相比校正精度明显提高,饱和问题得到较大改善。  相似文献   

Sedimentary record of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a sediment core from the Pearl River Estuary, South China   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Liu GQ  Zhang G  Li XD  Li J  Peng XZ  Qi SH 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(8-12):912-921

Owing to the hydrodynamic and sedimentation conditions, the western shoal of the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) is known to be an important sink of terrestrial substances including particle-associated pollutants from the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. In this study, we report the sedimentary record of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during the 20(th) century in a sediment core from the western shoal of the PRE. The summation PAH concentration ranged from 59 ng g(-1) to 330 ng g(-1) in the core with two distinct peaks. An initial increase of summation PAH concentration was found around the 1860s. The amounts of PAHs remained relatively constant for roughly 100 years, followed by the first peak in the 1950s. Then, there was a decrease in PAH concentration and flux in the 1960s and 1970s. A sharp increase of PAH concentration was observed in the early 1980s with a maximum concentration in the 1990s. The PAH diagnostic ratios indicated that the PAHs in the sediment core were mainly of pyrolytic origin, and that atmospheric deposition and land runoff may serve as the important pathways for PAHs input to the sediment. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was used as an index of socioeconomic development in the PRD region, which was correlated positively with the changes of PAH concentration and flux in the sediment core. The rapid increase in vehicle numbers and energy consumption in the region in the last two decades may have contributed to the rapid PAH increase since the early 1980s. The results clearly elucidated the impact of regional economic development on the estuarine environment.  相似文献   

上海的GDP一般增长核算与绿色GDP核算   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王铮  刘扬  周清波 《地理研究》2006,25(2):185-192

本文引用Barro的增长核算模型和Asheim的绿色GDP核算模型,对上海的经济增长开展了核算研究。研究发现:1)在改革开放之前,上海的经济增长基本上由资本投入、人力资源的有效投入和劳动力投入支持。改革开放以后经济增长得益于技术进步,但是税收政策干扰了这种增长。2)上海市绿色NNP值低于GDP值,GDP值是绿色NNP值的2⁴倍,在20世纪60、70、80年代一直都维持在3倍以上。目前,上海市的GDP与绿色NNP之间的差距缩小到了2倍左右,说明人们对环境污染和资源耗损问题的关注,已体现到上海市的经济发展中。3)在目前阶段,绿色GDP不适合单独作为经济发展的度量指标,但是可以作为衡量经济发展对环境的影响及对资源的损耗和对GDP指标不足的重要补充。  相似文献   

Trends and short-term prospects for copper demand     

Takashi Nishiyama 《Natural Resources Research》1996,5(3):155-168

In recent years, the rate of consumption of minerals and energy has been increasing. Herein, a few fundamental components of mineral consumption including population growth, rising standard of living, advances in technology, and economic growth are analyzed. Copper is one of the best resources for illustrating the growth of metal consumption and components of that growth because statistical data for copper are quite comprehensive. Among the various factors examined, an index of rising standards of living is the most significant factors explaining growth of copper consumption.  相似文献   

烟台市新增亿元GDP用地量的分析探讨     

孙红岩  石晓 《山东地质》2012,(2):60-62

新增亿元GDP用地量是衡量土地节约集约利用的重要指标,在分析烟台市新增亿元GDP用地量现状的基础上,确定烟台市新增亿元GDP用地量,并以此为基础对烟台市未来5年合理新增用地量进行预测,为促进土地节约集约利用提供参考。  相似文献   

环渤海地区县域经济发展时空分异研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘玉  周艳兵  王国刚  曾志炫 《地域研究与开发》2012,31(4):52-55,85

以县域为基本研究单元,应用统计分析法和空间分析法,以人均地区生产总值为指标,分析1996—2009年间环渤海地区县域经济的时空分异特征。结果表明,环渤海地区经济实力不断增强,产业结构呈现高级化趋势;县际经济发展水平差距大,部分县域人均GDP处于极端高水平;1996—2009年间,县域人均GDP的绝对差异增大而相对差异波动性缩小,省间差异是区域差异的主要组成部分;人均GDP空间自相关显著,经济发展热点区和冷点区的空间集聚特征增强。基于1996年各县人均GDP及1996—2009年间人均GDP增长差异,将环渤海地区划分为基础好增长较快型、基础中等增长较快型等6种类型。  相似文献