Groundwater protection from cadmium contamination by permeable reactive barrier in Qian'an of Jilin,China     

Alkali Mohammed 《东北亚地学研究》2008,(4)

This research studies the reliability of an activated carbon permeable reactive barrier in removing cadmium from a contaminated shallow aquifer.Laboratory tests have been performed to characterize the equilibrium and kinetic adsorption properties of the activated carbon in cadmium-containing aqueous solutions.A 2D numerical model has been used to describe pollutant transport within a groundwater and the pollutant adsorption on the permeable reactive barrier(PRB).In particular,it has been considered the case...  相似文献   

Effects of iron limitation on intracellular cadmium of cultured phytoplankton: Implications for surface dissolved cadmium to phosphate ratios     

Erin S. Lane  David M. Semeniuk  Robert F. Strzepek  Jay T. Cullen  Maria T. Maldonado   《Marine Chemistry》2009,115(3-4):155-162

This study compares intracellular Cd content (Cd:C) of cultured marine phytoplankton grown under various Fe levels, with estimated particulate Cd:P ratios derived from regression slopes of Cd versus PO₄³⁻ relationships from a global dataset. A 66-fold difference in Cd:C ratios was observed among the seven species grown under identical Fe concentrations, with oceanic diatoms having the highest Cd quotas and prymesiophytes the lowest. Interestingly, all species significantly increased their Cd:C ratios under Fe-limitation (on average 2-fold). The global data set also showed that the mean estimated Cd:P ratio of surface water particulates in HNLC (high nutrient low chlorophyll) regions were approximately 2-fold higher than non-HNLC regions. A sequence of events are proposed to explain high Cd:P ratios in HNLC waters. First, the seasonal relief from Fe-limitation in HNLC regions leads to blooms of large chain forming diatoms with high intrinsic Cd:P ratios. These large blooms may, in theory, deplete surface water CO₂ and Zn concentrations, which ultimately, would result in increased Cd uptake. Eventually these blooms will run out of Fe, which has been shown to further increase intercellular Cd via growth biodilution and increased Cd uptake through non-specific Fe(II) transporters. Ultimately, Fe-limited diatoms with enhanced Cd quotas will sink out of surface waters leading to pronounced regional differences in Cd:P ratios between HNLC and non-HNLC waters in the global ocean.  相似文献   

Comparative Studies on Uptake Pathway of Cadmium by Perna viridis     

FANG Zhanqiang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(1):49-54

Experiments were designed to expose the filter-feeding bivalve Perna viridis to different Cd-contaminated water environments in order to compare the different pathways through which Cd is accumulated. Results show that mussels can accumulate Cd through seawater, food, sediment and suspended particle pathways in a short period of time. Mussels＇ uptake of Cd through the seawater pathway reaches the highest concentration approximately 3 and 9 times larger than through the algae and sediment pathways respectively after 7 d. This indicates that the Cd-accumulation through seawater is most efficient. Results also indicate that the uptake directly through contaminated algae, particles or sediments ingested by mussels is less important when compared with the uptake of Cd by mussels through the seawater pathway. Metal uptake pathways and mechanisms of bioaccumulation by marine bivalve are also discussed in this paper.  相似文献   

From Soil Pollution to “Cadmium Rice” to Public Health Impacts: An Interdisciplinary Analysis of Influencing Factors and Possible Responses     

Jennifer HOLDAWAY  WANG Wuyi 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2018,9(1):1-12

This article discusses the causes of the contamination of rice with cadmium in China and considers what we know about the severity of the problem. It argues that it is misleading to extrapolate simply from levels of cadmium in soil to health risks, because the uptake of cadmium by crops and the health impacts of the metal are affected by multiple factors. These include not only background levels of cadmium and pollution from mining and industry, but also soil quality, climatic conditions and the type and variety of crops grown. Social and cultural factors, including dietary habits, other exposure sources, nutritional quality and general health status will also affect the intake of cadmium and the severity of health impacts. For these reasons we argue that interdisciplinary analysis is crucial to a better understanding of patterns of risk to health from cadmium pollution, and to the design of effective responsive measures.  相似文献   

巯基棉分离富集5—Br—PAN—S光度法测定镉的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杜春  魏琴 《矿物岩石》1997,17(2):98-101

本文研究了镉与５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＮ－Ｓ的显色条件。在ｐＨ９．５的缓冲液中，形成１∶２型的稳定配合物，配合物的最大吸收峰位于５４８ｎｍ波长处，表观摩尔吸光系数ε＝３．３×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１。镉量ρ（Ｃｄ２＋）／（ｍｇ·Ｌ－１）在０～１．６范围内符合比尔定律。采用巯基棉分离水中离子富集镉，提高了方法的选择性。本法用于水样分析，结果令人满意  相似文献   

Post-mine metal transport and attenuation in the Keno Hill mining district, central Yukon, Canada   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Y. T. J. Kwong  C. F. Roots  P. Roach  W. Kettley 《Environmental Geology》1997,30(1-2):98-107

 The Keno Hill mining district in central Yukon was the second largest silver producer in Canada with mines operating from 1913 to 1989 on more than 65 vein silver deposits. The seven and a half decades of mining activities have generated large volumes of mine waste disposed on the land surface, resulting in elevated metal contents in numerous small drainages. To assess the extent of metal mobilization, old mine workings and the associated mine waste were examined and the water courses draining to a major river valley sampled. The results of field observations and an array of water and sediment analyses led to three major conclusions. 1. Acid mine drainage is not widespread because of galvanic protection of pyrite from oxidative dissolution and neutralization by carbonates in the country rock. 2. Mechanisms operative to limit aqueous metal transport in small streams in the district include cryogenic precipitation, coprecipitation and sorption. 3. The near-surface concentration of metals limits the options of waste disposal in future mining developments due to potential metal-leaching problems. Received: 12 December 1995 · Accepted: 26 March 1996  相似文献   

自然界中ZnS-CdS完全类质同象系列的发现和初步研究   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

刘铁庚  张乾叶霖  邵树勋 《中国地质》2004,31(1):40-45

过去认为在自然界中的Cd只能有限替代ZnS中的Zn。但是，近几年笔者在研究贵州牛角塘镉锌矿床时，经电子探针、扫描电镜和透射电镜等多种方法的研究，发现锌硫化物中的Cd主要以类质同象存在，其含量可从0．8％增至37．93％；镉硫化物中的Zn同样主要以类质同象存在，其含量为2．43％～38．64％。锌硫化物与镉硫化物成渐变的过渡关系，并且Zn与Cd成很好的负相关关系，相关系数达0．99以上，形成ZnS-CdS的完全类质同象系列。这一发现无论在矿物学，还是在地球化学和矿床学上都具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。  相似文献   

土壤对镉离子的竞争吸附研究——以北京城近郊为例   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

王亚平潘小菲  许春雪冯绍元 王苏明 《岩矿测试》2007,26(4):251-256

对分别采自北京城近郊丰台区北天堂村、大兴区庑殿村、通州区永乐店镇、海淀区四季青乡和朝阳区来广营乡5个典型地区的土壤进行了Cd^2＋-Na^＋、Cd^2＋-Ca^2＋、Cd^2＋-Zn^2＋双阳离子竞争性静态吸附试验。结果表明，在不改变土壤的物理化学性质条件下，多种离子共同竞争吸附时，其吸附过程与单个外源金属阳离子的吸附结果不同；不同类型土壤对镉的吸附受钠、钙、锌离子的影响不是单方面的抑制作用或促进作用，影响机制随着外源镉离子浓度和外源钠、钙、锌离子浓度的大小而各异，而且其影响程度也有所不同。  相似文献   

Environmental investigation for causality and remediation of cadmium contaminated soils in Tak Province, Thailand     

Anong Paijitprapapon Kiattiphong Udomtanateera Orapin Udomtanateera Vanruedee Chariyapisuthi Trakool C hengsuksawat 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):253-254

Highly elevated cadmium concentrations in paddy soil in the Mae Sod District, Tak Province, Thailand, was detected and widely reported in 2003. This emergence provoked public interest and demands for responsibility and remedial actions. As zinc mines and concentrator were located in the upstream area, mining activities were proclaimed a contamination source. Department of Primary Industries and Mines （DPIM）, a governmental organization responsible for mining and mineral processing, was thus challenged to verify the reliability of post monitoring data displaying consistently low heavy metal concentrations in compliance with the standard limits for over 15 years. Detailed survey and deep-going research on the causes, boundary and severity of cadmium contamination as well as the environmental impact alleviation were consequently conducted. Environmental samples were accumulated systematically for 2 years throughout the areas of upstream and downstream mining sites. A total of 259 soil samples from 53 spots at the depths of 0-20, 20-40, 40-60 and 60-200 cm were drilled with hand auger. Samples of water, stream sediment and mine tailing were also collected. Chemical analysis for cadmium （Cd）, zinc （Zn） and lead （Pb） concentrations with AAS and ICP were undertaken. The contaminated area was finally defined to spread over approximately 18 square kilometer mainly of mountainous mineralizing land and colluvium.  相似文献   

The environmental effect of cadmium-rich Pb-Zn deposit, as exemplified by Niujiaotang Cd-rich Zn deposit, Guizhou, China     

《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):45-45

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