Effect of salinity on heavy metal mobility and availability in intertidal sediments of the Scheldt estuary   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

G. Du Laing  R. De Vos  B. Vandecasteele  E. Lesage  F.M.G. Tack  M.G. Verloo 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,77(4):589-602

The effect of the flood water salinity on the mobility of heavy metals was studied for intertidal sediments of the Scheldt estuary (Belgium). Soils and sediments of 4 sampling sites were flooded with water of different salinities (0.5, 2.5, and 5 g NaCl L⁻¹). Metal concentrations were monitored in pore water and surface water. To study the potential effects of flood water salinity on metal bioavailability, duckweed (Lemna minor) was grown in the surface water. The salinity was found to primarily enhance the mobility of Cd and its uptake by duckweed. Cadmium concentrations in pore water of soils and sediments and surrounding surface waters significantly exceeded sanitation thresholds and quality standards during flooding of initially oxidized sediments. Moreover, the effect was observed already at lower salinities of 0.5 g NaCl L⁻¹. This implies that risks related to Cd uptake by organisms and Cd leaching to ground water are relevant when constructing flooding areas in the brackish zones of estuaries. These risks can be reduced by inducing sulphide precipitation because Cd is then immobilised as sulphide and its mobility becomes independent of flood water salinity. This could be achieved by permanently flooding the polluted sediments, because sulphates are sufficiently available in the river water of the brackish part of the estuary.  相似文献   

中国黄、渤海海水中溶解镉的形态研究     

任艺君  李力  王小静  甄晓桐  刘季花 《海洋科学进展》2020,38(2):263-275

黄、渤海是我国重要的海洋经济渔业开发区域,海水中痕量金属的含量及其存在形态会对海洋环境、海洋渔业产生重要影响。随着近年我国痕量金属采集与分析测试技术的发展,数据的准确性有了新的提升。2016-06—07采集黄、渤海40个站位的海水样品,测定其溶解态金属Cd的总浓度,并应用电化学方法(阳极溶出伏安法)分析Cd存在形态。结果表明,渤海海水中的总溶解态Cd浓度是南黄海海水中的2~3倍,这可能与渤海海水停留时间较长,水深较浅,周边较多河流输入有关。20%~92%以上的溶解态Cd是以有机络合物形态存在,以自由离子态存在的Cd浓度不超过100 pmol/L,低于Cd对浮游生物的毒性阈值。渤海比黄海的金属配体浓度高出2倍以上,高值出现在黄河口周围海域,表明黄河水携带较多有机配体输入。推测我国近海有机配体来源可能包括陆源输入、沉积物再悬浮的解析过程以及藻类分泌。研究还表明,黄、渤海海水中溶解态Cd的有机配体络合常数较其他海域的稍高,这与我国近海废、污水排放的有机络合配体类型有关。  相似文献   

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中锗和镉的干扰及校正   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

李刚  曹小燕 《岩矿测试》2008,27(3):197-200

采用HF-HClO₄-HNO₃分解样品,8 mol/L HNO₃提取剂,外标法校准,电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定地球化学样品中锗和镉。选择¹⁰³Rh为内标,确定了最佳仪器参数,研究了Zn、Zr、Sn、Ce、Nd、Sm对Ge和Cd的干扰,试验选择质量数⁷⁴Ge和¹¹⁴Cd作为测定同位素,采用数学公式校正法校正了来自Nd和Sm的二次电离离子对Ge的干扰、Sn对Cd的同质异位素干扰。方法检出限（10s）分别为Ge 30 ng/L、Cd 15 ng/L,精密度（RSD,n=15）为Ge 1.35%、Cd 1.47%。对多种国家一级标准物质进行分析验证,结果与标准值相符。方法适用于地质样品中微量锗和镉的测定。  相似文献   

镉对褐菖鲉金属结合蛋白的诱导   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈荣忠  杨丰  徐洵 《台湾海峡》1997,(3)

金属结合蛋白是一类富含半胱氨酸、不含芳香族氨基酸和组氨酸的低分子量蛋白质。在紫外254nm处具强的吸收。用不同剂量的氯化镉诱导褐菖，通过凝胶过滤从褐菖肝脏提取金属结合蛋白，并测定其结合的稿以及硫醇含量与紫外254nm处的吸收值。结果表明，镉能诱导褐菖金属结合蛋白的合成。  相似文献   

Marine diatom Thalassirosira weissflogii nutrient drawdown and its physiological status variation challenged to zinc and cadmium exposure     

LI Chundi  LONG Aimin  YAN Wen  MA Fujun  CHEN Shaoyong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(6):51-61

The uptake of zinc and cadmium by a species of marine diatom Thalassirosira weissflogii and the nutrient variation (phosphorus and silicon) in the culture medium were estimated when exposed to zinc and cadmium stress under controlled laboratory conditions.It was found that low cadmium addition could stimulate the culture to grow with a relatively high rate and exert its toxicity at the elevated concentration.The cellular uptake of zinc and cadmium by the diatom varied in the ranges of 1.21~3.75 and 0.060~0.629 fmol per cell respectively in the whole cultivation period.The mean cellular phosphorus and silicon drawdowns were constant with 0.26~0.42 and 0.30~0.46 pmol per cell respectively in those healthy cultures.It is illustrated that the algal cells can adjust some physiological mechanisms to decrease metal accumulation and keep metal homeostasis in the organism.The correlation analysis results further indicate that the cellular cadmium uptake might be closely related with the cellular phosphorus, silicon drawdown and the growth rate of diatom (P<0.05, 0.001, 0.01); and the cultures grow better in good conditions, the lower amount of phosphorus, silicon materials are consumed by a single cell to keep a high efficiency of utilization.  相似文献   

闽江口溶解态镉、铜、铅的行为及其与营养盐的关系     

邹栋梁  高淑英 《热带海洋学报》1996,(1)

研究了１９９０年６月和１０月闽江口溶解态镉、铜、铅的行为及其与营养盐的关系。结果表明，在６月和１０月镉呈添加行为，铜呈保守行为，而铅呈除去行为、镉的添加主要源自浮游生物碎屑的再矿化作用，而铅的去除受非生物无机过程控制。  相似文献   

黄河水中氨基酸对Cd(Ⅱ)与悬浮粒子相互作用等温线的影响     

李改枝  郭博书  焦小宝  红霞  乌地 《海洋湖沼通报》2000,(1):8-12

本文研究了黄河水中Ｃｄ＾２＋与悬浮粒子相互作用的等温线,以及精氨酸和酪氨酸对等温线的影响。得到的等温线具有一个“拐点”两个“平台”,属二级离子交换。用分级离子交换等温式求出吸附平稳常数Ｋ１和Ｋ２。当低浓度的氨基酸存在时,对Ｃｄ＾２＋与悬浮粒子的交换吸附起促进作用,促进作用的程度与近基酸的等电点有关,精氨酸的促进作用较酷氨酸大。  相似文献   

海黍子吸附重金属镉离子的研究     

常秀莲  王文华  冯咏梅  郑舒文 《海洋通报》2003,22(4):26-31

采用廉价的多细胞褐藻海黍子对重金属镉离子进行吸附，研究海黍子不同的预处理方法、溶液的pH值、初始Cd^3 浓度、外加盐等因素对Cd^3 的吸附特性的影响。并对吸附机理进行了初步的探讨，发现镉离子与海黍子中的钙离子发生离子交换作用，交换率占总吸附量的38％～50％。适宜的pH范围为3～6，海黍子的最大吸附量高达181mg/g，得出了适宜的吸附等温线方程，并进行了简单的洗脱研究。  相似文献   

江西九江-彭泽沿长江南岸一带镉来源分析     

邓必荣  杨志勇  张旭 《华北地质》2008,31(4)

对九江-彭泽沿长江南岸一带不同成土母质Cd的分布特征在垂向、横向剖面上的研究发现,长江干流冲积成因的砂砾泥质土壤、二叠纪燧石结核(含碳)灰岩质土壤、寒武纪泥页岩质土壤、震旦纪砂岩质土壤,与其它成土母质形成的的残坡积土壤Cd含量差异较大。上述四者Cd平均含量均大于0.3×10-6,是本区Cd高值异常主要赋存地质体。同时元素相关性研究表明,Cd与Zn、Cu、As密切相关,自然源是本地区Cd异常普遍存在的根本原因,而人为源却有可能是高值Cd异常沿长江干流大中城市分布的重要影响因素。  相似文献   

Measurement of Mass-Independent Perturbations of Cadmium in Nuclear Debris Samples     

Daniel J. Meininger  William S. Kinman  Susan K. Hanson 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2023,47(2):457-465

The isotopic composition of cadmium in nuclear debris was measured by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). Mass-independent perturbations due to fission product decay on the isotopes of Cd were observed. Relative fission yields for masses 111, 112, 114 and 116 were determined in each sample of nuclear debris and compared with reported values found in irradiated plutonium and uranium fuels. Mass spectrometry measurements of the valley fission product endpoints are extremely challenging due to the low cumulative fission yields and small amounts of each isotope that are produced. To overcome these challenges, a new purification method for Cd was developed and validated by examination of a number of geological reference materials.  相似文献