Galileo广播星历评估及其对定位精度的影响     

韩德强  党亚民  庞辉  薛树强  杨强  张龙平 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(11):1165-1169

分析现阶段伽利略空间信号的精度，并评估伽利略广播星历及其对单点定位的影响。统计30 d健康卫星广播星历，结果表明，FOC和IOV两种类型的广播星历卫星轨道误差优于0.8 m，并且径向误差最小，法向误差次之，切向误差最大；伽利略卫星的钟差误差精度达到1.0 ns；从空间信号测距误差对伽利略卫星进行整体分析，广播星历精度优于1.0 m，FOC与IOV卫星精度相当；用广播星历进行事后单点定位的精度可以达到dm级。  相似文献   

无人机技术在海岛测绘中的应用     

李雪瑞  魏征  田松  李明杰 《测绘通报》2020,(1):150-153

为提高海岛测绘的技术手段，将无人机引入海岛地形调查中，以Swallow-P小型固定翼无人机开展惠州市大亚湾虎洲海岛大比例尺测图为例，系统归纳了无人机外业数据采集与内业数据处理的具体流程，并制作了DEM和DOM成果；经过实测地面点精度分析得出虎洲无人机大比例尺测图成果平面位置中误差和高程中误差符合1∶1000测图精度要求。  相似文献   

基于已知特征平面的移动测量系统安置参数检校     

张顺  张帆  李珂 《北京测绘》2020,(3):437-442

安置误差是影响移动测量系统激光点云精度的主要因素之一。当激光点云中存在特征平面时,安置误差会导致该平面与真实平面之间产生较大的偏差,如果存在多个空间上位置关系较好的特征平面,就能够全面反映出系统的安置误差。本文以此为依据,给出了一种基于已知特征平面的移动测量系统安置参数检校方法,并详细阐述了检校场的布设、数据获取及处理等内容。实验证明,该方法是一种简单、可靠的检校方法,具有较高的实用性。  相似文献   

载波相位平滑时间常数对GBAS精度增强的影响          下载免费PDF全文

倪育德  陈楚佳 《全球定位系统》2020,45(1):43-50

陆基增强系统(GBAS)是利用载波相位平滑伪距差分修正实现对导航辅助定位的. 其中,平滑时间常数是影响载波相位平滑伪距精度的关键参数. 本文分析研究了不同平滑时间下电离层时间梯度和空间梯度对Hatch滤波的影响. 在结合电离层时空梯度和多径效应引起的滤波总误差方差的基础上,推导出自适应的最优平滑时间常数. 分别对GBAS静态和动态两种环境下的定位误差进行实验,实验结果表明,采用本文推导出的自适应平滑时间常数降低了GBAS伪距测量误差,从而使定位精度得到增强.   相似文献   

温州深软场地剪切波速实测误差及其对PGA影响研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈卓识  侯龙清  袁晓铭  李楠 《世界地震工程》2018,34(2):071-79

该研究在温州两个深软土层场地上完成了剪切波速测试误差专项实验，统计拟合了误差分布规律并研究了其对PGA的影响，得到结论:每米深度上的实测误差基本符合标准正态分布，温州地区深软场地的测试误差与我国其他几个地区覆盖土层较浅场地上的每米实测误差程度基本相同；两个场地上各深度的误差标准差大致相同，约为16%；实测误差对PGA影响明显，误差取1倍标准差时PGA的变化程度可能达到30%，取2倍标准差时可能高达45%；PGA的变化程度受输入地震动的频率特性制约，长周期频率成分对深软场地计算结果的影响明显。  相似文献   

Uncertainty in marine weather routing     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

Weather routing methods are essential for planning routes for commercial shipping and recreational craft. This paper provides a methodology for quantifying the significance of numerical error and performance model uncertainty on the predictions returned from a weather routing algorithm. The numerical error of the routing algorithm is estimated by solving the optimum path over different discretizations of the environment. The uncertainty associated with the performance model is linearly varied in order to quantify its significance. The methodology is applied to a sailing craft routing problem: the prediction of the voyaging time for an ethnographic voyaging canoe across long distance voyages in Polynesia. We find that the average numerical error is an order of magnitude smaller than the performance model uncertainty. These results illustrate the significance of considering the influence of numerical error and performance uncertainty when performing a weather routing study.  相似文献   

基于直觉模糊层次分析法的地震压埋率模型研究          下载免费PDF全文

肖东升  钟祖峰  罗尚  练洪  罗俊 《世界地震工程》2019,35(3):127-135

强烈地震会导致建筑物倒塌进而造成室内人员压埋，因此，把特定区域和建筑群的压埋率作为震后救援的决策指标尤为重要。但地震建筑物倒塌受多个影响因素共同作用，造成了压埋率模型的后验倒塌率评估的不确定性问题。针对这个问题采用直觉模糊层次分析法，选取了震级、震源深度、震中距、抗震设防烈度、地基和基础、建筑物结构类型和结构现状等七大影响因素进行加权分析。运用LINGO软件建模解算出了各影响因素权重，通过极大似然法估算了各影响因素对建筑物倒塌率的影响值，进而评估出了建筑物预估倒塌率，并结合先验在室率模型及其区划，建立了基于直觉模糊层次分析法的地震压埋率模型。最后以汶川灾区学校为例，进行了压埋率评估，并对其进行了误差分析。研究表明:抗震设防烈度、建筑物结构类型和结构现状是影响建筑物倒塌的主要因素；在实际评估中模型精度达到±0.15，能为震后快速应急救援提供决策辅助。  相似文献   

SS-Y型伸缩仪观测问题分析及优化方法探讨     

杨江  李静渊  余剑锋  李农发 《地震地磁观测与研究》2020,(1):91-98

SS-Y型伸缩仪在我国地震洞体形变监测台网中已安装使用多年.对地球固体潮观测而言,仪器观测资料精度高且长期稳定性较好,但从地震预测的观测需求来看,SS-Y型伸缩仪仍然存在很多不足,如高频信息缺失、抗干扰能力较弱、存在格值误差、自校验能力较差等.对伸缩仪存在的问题进行分析,并提出一种超宽频带短基线伸缩仪的设计思路,以期为后续新仪器的研制提供理论依据.  相似文献   

Numerical modeling of toxic nonaqueous phase liquid removal from contaminated groundwater systems: mesh effect and discretization error estimation          下载免费PDF全文

Chongbin Zhao  Thomas Poulet  Klaus Regenauer‐Lieb 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2015,39(6):571-593

Numerical modeling has now become an indispensable tool for investigating the fundamental mechanisms of toxic nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) removal from contaminated groundwater systems. Because the domain of a contaminated groundwater system may involve irregular shapes in geometry, it is necessary to use general quadrilateral elements, in which two neighbor sides are no longer perpendicular to each other. This can cause numerical errors on the computational simulation results due to mesh discretization effect. After the dimensionless governing equations of NAPL dissolution problems are briefly described, the propagation theory of the mesh discretization error associated with a NAPL dissolution system is first presented for a rectangular domain and then extended to a trapezoidal domain. This leads to the establishment of the finger‐amplitude growing theory that is associated with both the corner effect that takes place just at the entrance of the flow in a trapezoidal domain and the mesh discretization effect that occurs in the whole NAPL dissolution system of the trapezoidal domain. This theory can be used to make the approximate error estimation of the corresponding computational simulation results. The related theoretical analysis and numerical results have demonstrated the following: (1) both the corner effect and the mesh discretization effect can be quantitatively viewed as a kind of small perturbation, which can grow in unstable NAPL dissolution systems, so that they can have some considerable effects on the computational results of such systems; (2) the proposed finger‐amplitude growing theory associated with the corner effect at the entrance of a trapezoidal domain is useful for correctly explaining why the finger at either the top or bottom boundary grows much faster than that within the interior of the trapezoidal domain; (3) the proposed finger‐amplitude growing theory associated with the mesh discretization error in the NAPL dissolution system of a trapezoidal domain can be used for quantitatively assessing the correctness of computational simulations of NAPL dissolution front instability problems in trapezoidal domains, so that we can ensure that the computational simulation results are controlled by the physics of the NAPL dissolution system, rather than by the numerical artifacts. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Diagnosing snow accumulation errors in a rain‐snow transitional environment with snow board observations          下载免费PDF全文

Nicholas E. Wayand  Martyn P. Clark  Jessica D. Lundquist 《水文研究》2017,31(2):349-363

Diagnosing the source of errors in snow models requires intensive observations, a flexible model framework to test competing hypotheses, and a methodology to systematically test the dominant snow processes. We present a novel process‐based approach to diagnose model errors through an example that focuses on snow accumulation processes (precipitation partitioning, new snow density, and snow compaction). Twelve years of meteorological and snow board measurements were used to identify the main source of model error on each snow accumulation day. Results show that modeled values of new snow density were outside observational uncertainties in 52% of days available for evaluation, while precipitation partitioning and compaction were in error 45% and 16% of the time, respectively. Precipitation partitioning errors mattered more for total winter accumulation during the anomalously warm winter of 2014–2015, when a higher fraction of precipitation fell within the temperature range where partition methods had the largest error. These results demonstrate how isolating individual model processes can identify the primary source(s) of model error, which helps prioritize future research.  相似文献