Impact of pond aquaculture effluents on seagrass performance in NE Hainan,tropical China     

Lucia S. Herbeck  Miriam Sollich  Daniela Unger  Marianne Holmer  Tim C. Jennerjahn 《Marine pollution bulletin》2014

The impact of pond aquaculture effluents on the distribution and performance of seagrasses was examined in NE Hainan, tropical China. Samples were taken along transects in three back-reef areas with different extent of aquaculture production in their hinterland. High δ¹⁵N in seagrass leaves and epiphytes (6–9‰) similar to values in pond effluents documented aquaculture as dominant nitrogen source in the back-reefs with decreasing impact with distance from shore. Seagrass species abundance, shoot density and biomass were lower and concentrations of nutrients, chlorophyll and suspended matter were higher at nearshore sites with high and moderate pond abundance than at the control site. High epiphyte loads and low δ³⁴S in seagrass leaves suggest temporal shading and sulphide poisoning of the nearshore seagrasses. Observed gradients in environmental parameters and seagrass performance indicate that the distance from the pond outlets and size of the adjacent pond agglomeration are major determinants of seagrass degradation.  相似文献   

Taxonomy and biogenicity of Archaean spheroidal microfossils (ca. 3.0 Ga) from the Mount Goldsworthy–Mount Grant area in the northeastern Pilbara Craton, Western Australia     

Kenichiro Sugitani  Kathleen Grey  Tsutomu Nagaoka  Koichi Mimura  Malcolm R. Walter 《Precambrian Research》2009,173(1-4):50

Microstructures recently reported from an Archaean sedimentary succession (ca. 3.0 Ga) in the Mount Goldsworthy–Mount Grant area in the northeastern Pilbara Craton meet the criteria for compelling evidence of biogenicity [Sugitani, K., Grey, K., Allwood, A., Nagaoka, T., Mimura, K., Minami, M., Marshall, C.P., Van Kranendonk, M.J., Walter, M.R., 2007. Diverse microstructures from Archaean chert from the Mount Goldsworthy–Mount Grant area, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia: microfossils, dubiofossil, or pseudofossils. Precambrian Res. 158, 228–262]. The structures are morphologically diverse. Although they were tentatively classified into five major morphological types (thread-like, film-like, small (<15 μm) and large (>15 μm) spheroidal, and spindle-like), the possible taxonomic significance of these groups was not discussed. Building on our earlier analysis, we focus on the morphology of the larger spheroids, as well as presenting further evidence relating spindles and several bizarre forms, and attempt to group them taxonomically and adduce additional evidence for their biogenicity.Taphonomic features were identified in each of the various morphological groups, but the range of morphological diversity of the spheroids cannot be attributed solely to taphonomic alteration. Four subdivisions of spheroids are proposed: (1) simple single-walled spheroids, (2) thin-walled spheroids having a diffuse envelope, (3) thick-walled spheroids, and (4) spheroids having an extensively folded wall. Simple single-walled spheroids, 15–60 μm in diameter, with various wall textures but commonly lacking envelopes or appendages form the dominant subgroup. Other complex morphologies are present and include aligned or associated bodies of thin-walled spheroids with diffuse envelopes, and spindle-like structures containing inner spheroidal bodies. The degree of morphological complexity and associations between structures suggest the presence of reproductive phases. If correct, this implies that the early Earth (ca. 3.0 Ga) showed a higher level of biodiversity than is currently postulated.  相似文献   

Preservation of a heavily bored belemnite rostrum from the upper Maastrichtian of north-east Belgium     

Stephen K. Donovan  John W.M. Jagt  Mart J.M. Deckers  Johan Laffineur 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2019,130(2):227-231

The robust calcite rostra (or guards) of belemnites were attractive substrates for some boring organisms in the Mesozoic. The rostra of belemnitellid coleoids are common at certain levels within the Gulpen and Maastricht formations of the extended type area of the Maastrichtian Stage (Upper Cretaceous) in the south-east Netherlands and north-east Belgium. A range of episkeletozoans have been reported from these substrates hitherto. A new specimen preserved as a natural mould in flint from the province of Liège, north-east Belgium, is distinctive, preserving a dense three-dimensional infestation of long, slender, unbranched and unsculptured borings of constant diameter, Trypanites? isp. These may be the spoor of polychaetes. Variations in diameter between borings suggests that the traces in this specimen may represent four separate infestations.  相似文献   

Marine wildlife as an important component of coastal visits: The role of perceived biodiversity and species behaviour     

《Marine Policy》2017

Although the (perceived) biodiversity of a natural environment can influence people's actual, or predicted, restorative experiences, little is known about the generality of these effects or the importance of other aspects such as wildlife behaviour. The current research used an experimental approach (with photographs and videos of coastal scenes) to investigate these issues among a large heterogeneous UK sample (n=1,478). On average, coastal settings with higher perceived biodiversity were rated as offering greater restorative potential and were associated with higher willingness-to-visit. Men, and people with lower overall ratings, tended to be more sensitive to biodiversity levels, and older respondents believed coastal settings in general offered more restorative potential. Locations where a species was exhibiting High vs. Low fascination behaviours (e.g. murmurating vs. sleeping) were also rated more positively, highlighting the importance of wildlife behaviour on psychological outcomes, in addition to biodiversity. Implications for conservation and communication are discussed.  相似文献   

Dynamic Changes of Animal Community Composition and Distribution by Spartina Invasion in Yancheng Beach Wetland,China          下载免费PDF全文

Guilin Xie  Baozhong Wang  Kuijun Zhao  Susu Li  Lihua Zhou 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2015,43(10):1409-1418

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The COVID-19 pandemic and global environmental change: Emerging research needs     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2004

The outbreak of COVID-19 raised numerous questions on the interactions between the occurrence of new infections, the environment, climate and health. The European Union requested the H2020 HERA project which aims at setting priorities in research on environment, climate and health, to identify relevant research needs regarding Covid-19. The emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 appears to be related to urbanization, habitat destruction, live animal trade, intensive livestock farming and global travel. The contribution of climate and air pollution requires additional studies. Importantly, the severity of COVID-19 depends on the interactions between the viral infection, ageing and chronic diseases such as metabolic, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and obesity which are themselves influenced by environmental stressors. The mechanisms of these interactions deserve additional scrutiny. Both the pandemic and the social response to the disease have elicited an array of behavioural and societal changes that may remain long after the pandemic and that may have long term health effects including on mental health. Recovery plans are currently being discussed or implemented and the environmental and health impacts of those plans are not clearly foreseen. Clearly, COVID-19 will have a long-lasting impact on the environmental health field and will open new research perspectives and policy needs.  相似文献   

Biodiversity in the Benthic Diatom Community in the Upper River Töss Reflected in Water Quality Indices     

Lirika Kupe  Ferdinand Schanz  Reinhard Bachofen 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2008,36(1):84-91

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莱州湾,黄河口水域春季近岸渔获生物多样性特征的调查研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王平  焦燕 《海洋湖沼通报》1999,(1):40-44

本文以1998年莱州湾与黄河口水域的定*置网具春季渔获为基础,记述了该海区出现的61种渔获名录,渔业资源分布与数量特征。表明了该水域资源量呈大幅度下降趋势。以此提出加强渔业生物多样性保护和资源合理利用的建议。  相似文献   

Property rights on genetic resources: economic issues     

Josef Janssen   《Global Environmental Change》1999,9(4):197

Biodiversity loss is one of the major international environmental problems. This paper analyses the question of how the use of genetic and biochemical resources in biotechnological industries might affect biodiversity conservation. It is argued that the answer will significantly depend on the concrete regimes of property rights on genetic resources and related biotechnological knowledge. One of the main conclusions derivable from this analysis is that a tightening of intellectual property rights may either aggravate biodiversity loss or strengthen biodiversity conservation, depending on various conditions. This result has interesting parallels to the results of second best theory. Furthermore it sheds new light on the debate regarding the relationship between the WTO Agreement on trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights (TRIPs) and biodiversity loss.  相似文献   

山西省湿地生物多样性及其保护   总被引：20，自引：2，他引：18  

张峰  上官铁梁  张龙胜 《地理科学》1999,19(3):216-219

山西省共有各类湿地２３０９ｋｍ＾２,包括河口（内陆）湿地、河流湿地、湖泊湿地、水库湿地、沼泽和草甸湿地等,主要分布于各河流流域、湖泊和水库及周围地区。山西湿地有着丰富的生物多样性,其中动物４５５种、植物１２０９种,植被类型有７０个群系。此外,还分析了山西湿地生物多样性受威胁的现状和原因,提出了山西湿地生物多样性保护对策。  相似文献