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91.
Zircon Inheritance Reveals Exceptionally Fast Crustal Magma Generation Processes in Central Iberia during the Cambro-Ordovician 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The Variscan basement of the Central Iberian Zone contains abundantCambro-Ordovician calc-alkaline to peraluminous metagranitesand metavolcanic rocks with two notable features: first, theywere apparently produced with no connection to any major tectonicor metamorphic event; second, they have an unusually high zirconinheritance. U–Pb dating combined with cathodoluminescenceimaging reveals that about 70–80%, in some samples nearer100%, of the zircon grains contain inherited pre-magmatic cores,despite the temperature reached by the magmas (about 900°C,calculated using the Ti-in-zircon thermometer) being high enoughto dissolve all the available zircon (from the rock's zirconsaturation temperature, 770–860°C). The fact thatthe dissolution of zircon was so incomplete can only be attributedto the kinetics of heat transfer to and from the magmas. Three-dimensionalmodeling of zircon dissolution behavior in melts with a compositionsimilar to the Iberian Cambro-Ordovician magmas indicates thatthe survival of zircons from the suggested late Pan-Africanprotolith would be possible only if melt production was rapid,specifically less than 104 years, and probably about 2 x 103years, from the beginning of melting (700°C) to the thermalpeak (900°C). Melt production was followed by fast magmatransfer to upper crustal levels resulting either in surfaceeruption or in the emplacement of small (< 400 m thick) sillsor laccoliths. We suggest that these elevated rates of crustalmelting could only have been caused by intrusion of mantle-derivedmafic magmas, most probably at the base of the crust. This scenariois consistent with a rifting regime in which crust and mantlewere mechanically decoupled; this would explain the scarcityof contemporaneous crustal deformation. Furthermore, fast meltingrates in the lower crust followed by fast melt transportationto the upper crust could also explain the lack of contemporaneousmetamorphism. The speed of the partial melting process resultedin the production of felsic magmas that inherited the geochemicalcharacteristics of their granitoid crustal protolith. This explainsthe apparent contradiction between the calc-alkaline to peraluminousgeochemical characteristics of the magmas and the inferred extensional(i.e. rift-related) tectonic setting. Our model is compatiblewith the hypothesis of fragmentation and dispersal of terranesfrom the northern margin of Gondwana that led to the openingof the Rheic and Galicia–South Brittany oceans and, ultimately,caused the detachment of the Iberian microplate from Armoricaand Gondwana during the early Paleozoic. KEY WORDS: igneous petrology; migmatite; granite; geochemistry; crustal contamination; ICP-MS; laser ablation 相似文献
92.
Maurizio Petrelli Luca Caricchi Peter Ulmer 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2007,31(1):13-25
In this contribution we evaluate the capabilities of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) using a 12 μm spot size. Precision, accuracy and detection limits were assessed on the USGS BCR-2G reference material. We demonstrate that the 12 μm LA-ICP-MS analyses of experimentally-grown amphibole and garnet are in excellent agreement with secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) trace element determinations on the same crystals. The 12 μm spot size configuration was subsequently used to determine trace element crystal-melt partition coefficients (Dc/m ) for a wide range of trace elements in amphibole in equilibrium with a basanitic melt. The following strategy to determine accurately and evaluate Dc/m is proposed. One or more major elements determined previously by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) was used to ensure consistency between EPMA and the composition of the aerosol produced by the laser ablation. Measured Dc/m values were successively evaluated using the lattice strain model. The use of this strategy significantly improved the precision and accuracy of Dc/m determination when a LA-ICP-MS configuration with a high spatial resolution was employed. 相似文献
93.
Isotopic and Elemental Imaging of Geological Materials by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Jon D. Woodhead John Hellstrom Janet M. Hergt Alan Greig Roland Maas 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2007,31(4):331-343
Laser ablation ICP-MS represents a promising new development for the acquisition of elemental and isotopic images from a variety of different materials. Compared to existing methods for imaging, it offers relatively rapid throughput, very wide dynamic range, a relatively clean mass spectrum, utility at a variety of scales (from μm to cm) and multi-element/isotopic capability. Although developing rapidly in the biological sciences, the method has not yet seen widespread application to geological materials. This contribution documents some preliminary experiments aimed at understanding the fundamental aspects of elemental and isotopic image acquisition using laser ablation ICP-MS. In particular, we note that ablation cell designs must be optimised to promote rapid system response, in contrast to the signal-smoothing that is often preferred for simple spot analyses. Furthermore, experimental parameters must be carefully evaluated on a system-by-system basis to avoid the blurring effects of re-sampling phenomena. With careful attention to these details, and development of appropriate data processing software, laser ablation ICP-MS imaging has much to offer workers in the Earth and environmental sciences. 相似文献
94.
Hongxia Yang Wei Liu Bing Li Huijuan Zhang Xiaoduan Liu Dengyun Chen 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2007,31(4):345-351
Methods based on high performance liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) for iodine speciation analysis are described. Experiments were performed relating to iodine species, preservative medium and time. The concentration and pH of the buffer are also discussed in relation to separation efficiency. The developed methods allowed the fast and sensitive determination of iodine species with detection limits of 0.025 μg l−1 (as 1) for both iodide and iodate with < 5% relative standard deviation (RSD) for 50 nmol l−1 . Attempts were made to quantify total organo-iodine by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). By way of example, a number of groundwater samples were analysed by these methods, revealing that iodide is the main iodine species in the sampled waters, but that high concentrations of organo-iodine compounds were observed in some samples as well. In summary, the total concentration and the dominant species of iodine in aquatic freshwater environments is easily and accurately measured using this new method. 相似文献
95.
玲珑-焦家式金矿床流体包裹体的稀土和微量元素特征 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
应用热爆提取和 ICP-MS 方法,研究了玲珑-焦家式金矿床脉石英和绢英岩中流体包裹体的微量元素特征。结果表明,流体包裹体中 REE 配分模式均表现为 LREE 富集型,轻、重稀土具有较好的分馏,LREE/HREE=6.07~26.41。但轻重稀土内部分异不明显,(La/Sm)、=2.15~5.11,(Gd/Lu)=0.72~5.24。成矿流体具有弱的 Eu 正异常,δEu=1.05~7.09,与中高温、弱酸性的现代地热成矿系统相似。流体包裹体/中国陆壳元素丰度标准化后表明,流体中富集的重金属元素有 Cu、Mo、Pb、Bi 等,它们的富集系数大于1。成矿流体中亏损的元素有 Ti、V、Cr、Co、Li、Zr、Nb、Th、U 等。流体包裹体微量元素、稀土元素特征为金矿床的成因研究增添了新的证据。玲珑-焦家式金矿床的流体包裹体具相似的 REE 特征,而与其它地区的金矿床或其它类型的矿床则明显不同,说明该区金矿床成矿地球动力学背景相同,都与中生代燕山期构造体制转折条下热液活动有关。 相似文献
96.
Sébastien Aries Michel Valladon Mireille Polvé Bernard Dupré 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2000,24(1):19-31
Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry has revolutionized the field of multi-elemental analysis because of its high sensitivity and speed of analysis. However, problems with polyatomic ion interferences during routine analysis can give rise to inaccuracies. We propose a method that systematically corrects for oxide and hydroxide interferences in routine analysis, for a wide range of materials. Oxide and hydroxide production for a specified element is calculated from measurements on each sample, as levels may depend on sample composition and may also vary with time. We show that oxide and hydroxide interferences can then be calculated for other elements, by reference to a set of oxide and hydroxide ratios measured on standard solutions. Validity of correction is controlled by internal tests involving two isotopes of one element with respect to experimental errors. The limits and validity of this approach are demonstrated with the analysis of selected reference materials. 相似文献
97.
样品经微波消解后,采用高分辨电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定生物样品中As、Al、B、Ba、Be、Bi、Br、Ca、Ce、Cd、Cr、Co、Cs、Cu、Dy、Er、Eu、Fe、Gd、Ge、Hf、Hg、Ho、I、K、La、Li、Lu、Mg、Mn、Mo、Na、Nb、Nd、Ni、P、Pb、Pr、Rb、S、Sb、Sc、Se、Sm、Sr、Tb、Th、Ti、Tl、U、V、Tm、Y、Yb和Zn 55种元素。为所测元素优选了适当分辨率,探讨了采用生物标准物质GBW10015绘制标准曲线的可行性。方法检出限为0.001ng/g~3 926ng/g,方法精密度为0.8%~21.9%,经国家一级生物标准物质验证,方法准确可靠,能满足日常分析要求。 相似文献
98.
99.
武定迤纳厂矿床位于我国云南省中部,在大地位置上处于扬子板块西缘,康滇地轴云南段,是滇中具有代表性的元古代铁-铜-金-稀土矿床.其矿化作用分为岩浆气液期、交代成矿期、热液成矿期和成矿后热液期4个期次,其中前3个期次是铁成矿的主要期次,分别以角砾状磁铁矿、浸染状磁铁矿和粗粒脉状磁铁矿为代表.各类磁铁矿含有一定量的SiO2、Cr2O3、Al2O3、MgO等,角砾状磁铁矿石的主元素成分与铁成分比值最高,其次为浸染状磁铁矿,最低为脉状磁铁矿.不同类型的磁铁矿微量元素变化很大,浸染状磁铁矿稀土配分具四重效应,角砾状磁铁矿和粗粒脉状磁铁矿稀土配分为右倾型.成矿早期磁铁矿的形成受岩浆作用影响强烈,含铁的岩浆导致围岩碎裂,形成了早期角砾状矿石;交代成矿期的铁质主要源于岩浆演化晚期分异形成的富铁流体,富铁流体与围岩发生强烈的物质交换,导致大量铁质沉淀;随着矿化作用的进行,热液作用逐渐增强,加之外界流体的逐渐加入,对之前形成的磁铁矿进行改造,使其具有热液成因的表象特征.从矿物成分体现出的矿床成因上看,该矿床属于岩浆隐爆-交代型成因,与世界知名的IOCG型矿床有相似之处. 相似文献
100.
电感耦合等离子体质谱测定海水中的锂、铷、硼、锶 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
测定海水中的Li、Rb、B、Sr 不需要像痕量元素一样采用复杂的分离富集方法, 去除基体元素,富集目标元素, 而是直接将海水稀释50 倍, 优化电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)参数, 提高测试灵敏度后, 在线加入内标Re 上机测试, Li、Rb、B、Sr 的方法检测限(3σ)分别为0. 75, 0.25, 14.0 和0.10 μg/L。连续测试10 次海水样品, 计算相对标准偏差(RSD), Li 为1.47%, B 为3.13%, Rb 为2.05%, Sr 为2.01%;并进行加标回收率实验, 回收率在96.5%~105%之间。结果表明, 该操作简单, 测定速度快, 数据稳定,可靠, 满足海水中这4 种元素的测试要求。测定了大西洋底层海水(距离海底200 m)中这4 种元素, 数据偏差小于2.65%, 低于方法测试标准偏差, 该层位水体稳定, 无变化。 相似文献