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91.
92.
《Polar Science》2014,8(4):385-396
The photosynthetic characteristics of sinking a microalgal community were studied to compare with the ice algal community in the sea ice and the phytoplankton community in the water column under the sea ice at the beginning of the light season in the first-year sea ice ecosystem on the Mackenzie Shelf, in the western Canadian Arctic. The phytoplankton community was collected using a water bottle, whereas the sinking algal community was collected using particle collectors, and the ice algal community was obtained by using an ice-core sampler from the bottom portion of ice core. Photosynthesis versus irradiance (P-E) incubation experiments were conducted on deck to obtain the initial slope (αB) and the maximum photosynthetic rate (PmB) of the three algal communities. The αB and the PmB of the light saturation curve, and chlorophyll a (Chl a) specific absorption coefficient (āph*) between the sinking microalgal community and the ice algal community were similar and were distinctly different from the phytoplankton community. The significant linear relationship between αB and PmB, which was obtained among the three groups, may suggest that a photo-acclimation strategy is common for all algal communities under the low light regime of the early season. Although the sinking algal community could be held for the entire duration of deployment at maximum, this community remained photosynthetically active once exposed to light. This response suggests that sinking algal communities can be the seed population, which results in a subsequent phytoplankton bloom under the sea ice or in a surface layer, as well as representing food for the higher trophic level consumers in the Arctic Ocean even before the receding of the sea ice. 相似文献
93.
枯水期钦州湾浮游植物群落结构组成与分布特征 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
应用浮游植物特征光合色素的分析方法,研究了2011年枯水期钦州湾浮游植物的结构组成与分布特征。结果表明:枯水期含量较高的浮游植物光合色素按含量高低依次为叶绿素a、岩藻黄素、叶绿素b、青绿素和多甲藻素,其他特征光合色素的含量很低。经CHEMTAX对光合色素转化计算,枯水期普遍检出的浮游植物类群为硅藻、青绿藻和甲藻,是枯水期浮游植物的优势类群,其生物量的平均值(±标准差)分别为(2.36±2.38)μg/L、(0.87±0.53)μg/L、(0.13±0.14)μg/L,变化范围为0.18~7.45μg/L、0.10~1.80μg/L和0.02~0.60μg/L。硅藻、青绿藻和甲藻占枯水期浮游植物生物量比例的平均值(±标准差)分别为59%±21%、30%±16%、6%±4%,占比变化范围为29%~96%、1%~53%和0.4%~14%,其他藻类所占比例很低。河口和外湾靠外海域两个区域以硅藻为优势类群,内湾及外湾近岸硅藻和青绿藻共同为优势类群。河流营养盐输入量和比例的不同决定了钦州湾河口海区浮游植物群落结构的差异,大面积贝类养殖导致了内湾至外湾近岸海区硅藻比例的降低,而外湾水温的增加引起暖水性硅藻大量增长成为优势类群,在温度进一步增加和营养盐持续输入等条件下存在会发生硅藻赤潮的风险。 相似文献
94.
对生长在漳江口红树林湿地国家级自然保护区不同盐度环境中(FZ1:7.95-10.00;FZ2:11.10-15.25;FZ3:15.60-20.08;FZ4:20.58-23.54)优势红树植物桐花树的光合色素含量和叶绿素荧光特征进行了研究,结果表明盐度最低的样地FZ1比其他样地具有更高的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和胡萝卜素含量(p〈0.05).Fv/Fm、Fv/F0和PIABS表现出同样的规律:FZ1、FZ2较高,尤其FZ1最高,与FZ3、FZ4有极显著水平差异(p〈0.01).叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线(O-J-I-P)起始部分变化不大,其余部分均是FZ3比其他3个样地低.比活性参数ABS/CS、TRo/CS各样地间无显著差异;ETo/RC、RC/CSo是FZ3比其他样地下降,尤其是与FZ1、FZ2有极显著差异.DIo/CS则是FZ3比其他样地高,尤其是与FZ1、FZ2有极显著差异.这些结果表明,在保护区内盐度7.95‰-15.25‰环境中的桐花树叶片光合色素含量较高,光合器官对光能的吸收、转化和利用效率更高. 相似文献
95.
文章研究了温度升高对一种造礁石珊瑚——丛生盔形珊瑚(Galaxea fascicularis)的两种形态型(H和S型)代谢和共生藻光合生理的影响。研究显示H型和S型对升温的生理响应差异明显: 在虫黄藻水平上, H型丢失了大量的虫黄藻, 减轻了共生体呼吸代谢的负荷; S型中虫黄藻数目尚可维持共生体呼吸代谢的需求, 同时提高叶绿素b含量增强光的吸收。在宿主水平上, H型充分利用虫黄藻输送的营养物质, 并通过异养摄食补偿能量消耗; S型宿主所储存的营养物质可以协助共生体适应热环境。结果表明, 丛生盔形珊瑚两种形态型通过不同的能量利用方式适应环境的变化, H型倾向于维持共生体的代谢平衡, 而S型倾向于提高共生藻的能量分配。 相似文献
96.
《Marine pollution bulletin》2013,76(1-2):28-32
The halophytic shrub Halimione portulacoides demonstrates a high tolerance to heavy metal contamination and a capacity for accumulating metals within its tissues. On the Iberian Peninsula, this species has colonized habitats with high levels of metal pollution. The aim of this study is to analyze the response of H. portulacoides stem cuttings to this pollution. Growth, photosynthesis and metal uptake were examined in H. portulacoides through an experiment in which stem cuttings were replanted in metal-contaminated soil. This condition decreased growth and lowered both photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance. Reduced photosynthetic performance was largely due to the reduced concentration of photosynthetic pigments. Despite these responses, there was some important evidence suggesting the phytoremediatory potential of Halimione stem cuttings. The results of our study indicate that this salt-marsh shrub may represent a biotool of value in the restoration of polluted areas. 相似文献
97.
近年来,我国近岸海域赤潮暴发日益频繁,严重危害海洋生态环境、渔业及近海旅游业等海洋经济的发展,也给人类健康带来了威胁。本文研究了两种黄酮化合物槲皮素和杨梅素对我国赤潮暴发种球形棕囊藻生长的影响,并利用调制叶绿素荧光技术探究藻细胞光合作用PSⅡ反应中心光合活性对黄酮胁迫的响应。结果表明:槲皮素和杨梅素均能有效抑制球形棕囊藻的生长(半抑制浓度IC50,5d值分别为0.068和0.309mg/L);槲皮素(16.0mg/L)在第5天对藻细胞的抑制率达到最大(89.38%±0.42%),杨梅素(16.0mg/L)在第7天对藻细胞的抑制率达到最大(84.76%±1.82%);相较于杨梅素胁迫,球形棕囊藻的光合作用对槲皮素胁迫更敏感[0.20mg/L槲皮素胁迫7天后,最大光化学量子产量(F_v/F_m)、实际光化学量子产量(Yield)、最大相对电子传递速率(rETR_(max))和光能利用效率(α)值分别降低18%、14%、24%和28%]。研究结果以期为赤潮暴发的防治技术提供基础的理论科学参考。 相似文献
98.
99.
西赤道太平洋暖池区光合色素分布及其对浮游植物群落的指示作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用光合色素的生物标志性可以在"纲"水平上表征浮游植物群落结构。依托大洋科学考察第20航次和21航次,通过对西赤道太平洋不同区域5个站位的HPLC藻类色素分析及CHEMTAX程序因子分析,获取了暖池区光合色素及浮游植物群落的垂直分布信息。结果显示在寡营养的暖池区,玉米黄素(Zeaxanthin)及乙二烯叶绿素a(DV Chl a)与叶绿素a浓度呈显著的正相关,浮游植物群落结构以蓝细菌、原绿球藻及定鞭金藻为优势藻纲,按对生物量的贡献率原绿球藻大于蓝细菌大于定鞭金藻的。蓝细菌和原绿球藻分布在真光层不同深度,而在营养盐丰富的次表层优势浮游藻类为定鞭金藻。 相似文献
100.
Photosynthetic activity and antioxidative response of seagrass Thalassia hemprichii to trace metal stress 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study concerned the accumulation of trace metals in tissues of seagrass (Thalassia hemprichii) exposed to various concentrations of Zn2++, Cd2++, Pb2++ and Cu2++ for 10 d, and the effect of excessive metals on quantum yield (ΔF=Fm'), photosynthetic pigments and antioxidative enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD) were also examined. Cadmium was the most highly accumulated metal. Meanwhile, high metals levels led to a remarkable breakdown of photosynthetic parameters. Especially, ΔF=Fm', chlorophyll and carotenoid were significantly low during prolonged Cu exposure. Besides, ΔF=Fm' was more severely depressed by Cu and Zn than Pb and Cd. However, T. hemprichii had positive response by increasing the activity of SOD and POD. The results indicate that T. hemprichii is the most sensitive to Cu, and the antioxidative protection mechanisms of T. hemprichii are more efficiently activated to avoid damage of Zn, Cd and Pb stress. Finally, due to the high Cd-accumulation and strong Cd-tolerance capacity, T. hemprichii can be used for phytoremediation in Cd-contaminated areas. 相似文献