低温对玉米种子发芽的影响   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

高素华  郭建平  王连敏  王立志  张国民 《气象》1998,24(5):52-55

通过发芽试验研究了东北地区早、中、晚熟３个玉米品种在４℃、８℃、１３℃、１７℃、２１℃和２５℃黑暗条件下的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数;并求出不同品种的发芽临界温度。结果表明,低温抑制了种子发芽,降低了发芽能力;３个品种发芽的临界温度为３．２￣５．２℃。发芽临界温度愈低,种子的耐低温发芽能力愈强。稀土浸种有提高玉米种子发芽率和促进发芽的作用。  相似文献   

秦岭珍稀濒危植物资源的利用价值与保护   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

付志军 《山地学报》1998,(4)

秦岭分布着国家保护的珍稀濒危植物４２种,其中属国家一级保护１种,二级保护１５种,三级保护２６种．这些珍稀濒危植物在医药、木材、花卉、化工等方面具有较高的开发利用价值  相似文献   

内蒙古敖包吐萤石矿床地质和地球化学特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

许东青  聂凤军  江思宏  张万益  云飞  杨才  张天俊  吕旭光  林日亮 《地球学报》2008,29(4):440-450

笔者总结了敖包吐萤石矿床的地质特征,并通过萤石的稀土元素的地球化学和Nd同位素研究,探讨了该矿床的成矿作用和成矿物质来源。敖包吐萤石矿床产出于下二叠统大石寨组火山—沉积岩与燕山中期花岗岩的接触带,为单一萤石矿床。萤石矿石的稀土元素的含量(∑REE)变化范围为(8.04～30.04)×10-6,平均为19.42×10-6;轻重稀土LREE/HREE值0.24～0.65,平均0.52;LaN/YbN为0.07～0.62,平均0.26;δEu为0.42～0.90,平均0.60,具Eu负异常和明显重稀土富集的特征。岩矿石的Nd同位素研究表明,萤石矿石的εNd(t)都表现为很大的负值,以成矿主期年龄138Ma计算的εNd(138Ma)为-7.30～-30.55,具有古陆壳的演化特征,暗示其成矿的物质来源主要是壳源物质。在Moller的Tb/La-Tb/Ca成因判别图解中,敖包吐矿床的萤石的结晶作用表现为重新活化的趋势,反映流体具有混源的特征,既有热液成因,又有沉积成因。二叠世的海相火山活动通过海底喷气和喷流的作用形成了初始矿源层,而燕山中期花岗岩浆的侵位与结晶分异,又对初始矿源层的活化和富集提供了流体和热能的来源。成矿流体在经历了长期的演化后在大石寨组的构造薄弱破碎的的部位沉淀析出,形成敖包吐萤石矿床。  相似文献   

Rare Earth Deposits of North America     

Stephen B. Castor 《Resource Geology》2008,58(4):337-347

Rare earth elements (REE) have been mined in North America since 1885, when placer monazite was produced in the southeast USA. Since the 1960s, however, most North American REE have come from a carbonatite deposit at Mountain Pass, California, and most of the world’s REE came from this source between 1965 and 1995. After 1998, Mountain Pass REE sales declined substantially due to competition from China and to environmental constraints. REE are presently not mined at Mountain Pass, and shipments were made from stockpiles in recent years. Chevron Mining, however, restarted extraction of selected REE at Mountain Pass in 2007. In 1987, Mountain Pass reserves were calculated at 29 Mt of ore with 8.9% rare earth oxide based on a 5% cut‐off grade. Current reserves are in excess of 20 Mt at similar grade. The ore mineral is bastnasite, and the ore has high light REE/heavy REE (LREE/HREE). The carbonatite is a moderately dipping, tabular 1.4‐Ga intrusive body associated with ultrapotassic alkaline plutons of similar age. The chemistry and ultrapotassic alkaline association of the Mountain Pass deposit suggest a different source than that of most other carbonatites. Elsewhere in the western USA, carbonatites have been proposed as possible REE sources. Large but low‐grade LREE resources are in carbonatite in Colorado and Wyoming. Carbonatite complexes in Canada contain only minor REE resources. Other types of hard‐rock REE deposits in the USA include small iron‐REE deposits in Missouri and New York, and vein deposits in Idaho. Phosphorite and fluorite deposits in the USA also contain minor REE resources. The most recently discovered REE deposit in North America is the Hoidas Lake vein deposit, Saskatchewan, a small but incompletely evaluated resource. Neogene North American placer monazite resources, both marine and continental, are small or in environmentally sensitive areas, and thus unlikely to be mined. Paleoplacer deposits also contain minor resources. Possible future uranium mining of Precambrian conglomerates in the Elliott Lake–Blind River district, Canada, could yield by‐product HREE and Y. REE deposits occur in peralkaline syenitic and granitic rocks in several places in North America. These deposits are typically enriched in HREE, Y, and Zr. Some also have associated Be, Nb, and Ta. The largest such deposits are at Thor Lake and Strange Lake in Canada. A eudialyte syenite deposit at Pajarito Mountain in New Mexico is also probably large, but of lower grade. Similar deposits occur at Kipawa Lake and Lackner Lake in Canada. Future uses of some REE commodities are expected to increase, and growth is likely for REE in new technologies. World reserves, however, are probably sufficient to meet international demand for most REE commodities well into the 21st century. Recent experience shows that Chinese producers are capable of large amounts of REE production, keeping prices low. Most refined REE prices are now at approximately 50% of the 1980s price levels, but there has been recent upward price movement for some REE compounds following Chinese restriction of exports. Because of its grade, size, and relatively simple metallurgy, the Mountain Pass deposit remains North America’s best source of LREE. The future of REE production at Mountain Pass is mostly dependent on REE price levels and on domestic REE marketing potential. The development of new REE deposits in North America is unlikely in the near future. Undeveloped deposits with the most potential are probably large, low‐grade deposits in peralkaline igneous rocks. Competition with established Chinese HREE and Y sources and a developing Australian deposit will be a factor.  相似文献   

黑海西北部冷泉碳酸盐岩的沉积岩石学特征及氧化还原条件的稀土元素地球化学示踪   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

冯东  陈多福 《现代地质》2008,22(3):390-396

黑海西北部罗马尼亚大陆架(水深120m)和乌克兰陆坡(水深190m)发育冷泉碳酸盐岩结壳。XRD测试表明此结壳主要由高镁方解石和文石组成。结壳中与渗漏系统微生物活动有关的凝块和葡萄状文石等特殊的沉积组构非常发育。冷泉碳酸盐岩酸可溶部分(碳酸盐岩相矿物)的稀土元素含量很低(0.068×10-6~2.817×10-6),稀土元素页岩标准化配分模式显示罗马尼亚大陆架冷泉碳酸盐岩具有明显的Ce负异常,乌克兰陆坡冷泉碳酸盐岩具Ce的正异常,表明它们是分别在氧化和还原环境中沉积的。稀土元素和V、Cd和U等微量元素的含量在泥晶中最高,亮晶中最低,可能反映成岩过程对元素含量有控制作用。  相似文献   

新疆阿尔泰别也萨麻斯稀有金属矿床含矿伟晶岩与花岗岩围岩成因关系     

丁建刚  杨成栋  杨富全  李强 《地球科学与环境学报》2020,(1):71-85

别也萨麻斯矿床是目前新发现的分布在新疆北阿尔泰以Li矿化为主的花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床,具有独特性和代表性。矿区发育Li-Nb-Ta矿化和Nb-Ta矿化两类伟晶岩,二云母二长花岗岩是含矿伟晶岩脉群的直接围岩。在系统的野外地质特征调查(包括野外露头和钻孔岩芯赋矿岩系、矿化特征、蚀变类型等的详细观察)基础上,对含矿伟晶岩和二云母二长花岗岩开展了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和原位Hf同位素研究。获得锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为(151.0±1.8)Ma和(449.0±4.2)Ma,含矿伟晶岩形成于晚侏罗世,二云母二长花岗岩则形成于晚奥陶世。含矿伟晶岩和二云母二长花岗岩的εHf(t)值分别为0.62~1.30和1.35~6.07,二阶段Hf模式年龄为1161~1118 Ma和1345~1037 Ma。含矿伟晶岩的εHf(t)值较花岗岩小得多,二阶段Hf模式年龄与形成年龄的差值较花岗岩大得多,表明两者是阿尔泰造山带在不同演化阶段下的产物。悬殊的年龄差、不同的大地构造背景与不同的形成物源表明别也萨麻斯稀有金属矿床含矿伟晶岩与二云母二长花岗岩在成因上并无联系,近矿花岗岩围岩并非含矿伟晶岩脉的真正母体。  相似文献   

鲁苏榴辉岩的地球化学     

韩宗珠 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(1)

以微量元素、稀土元素、Ｓｒ和Ｎｄ同位素变异特征为依据，确定鲁苏榴辉岩为多成因、多来源和多阶段，指出主要是在印支期扬子陆块与华北陆块碰撞造山作用过程中，挤入的上地幔碎片以及不同原岩类型的壳内高压变质岩碎块。燕山晚期的区域构造热事件使得某些榴辉岩的同位素体系再平衡。  相似文献   

南沙群岛海域沉积物稀土元素地球化学研究   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

田正隆  戴英  龙爱民  陈绍勇 《热带海洋学报》2005,24(1):8-14

应用电感耦合等离子质谱法测定了南沙群岛海域3个站位沉积物中的稀土元素(REE)和过渡金属元素的含量，讨论了沉积物中REE水平及深度分布的变化特征，以特征金属元素为指标对3个站位进行了沉积区划分，同时对REE与10种金属元素的相关性进行了研究。结果表明，3个站分别为近大陆架残留沉积区、大陆坡深海沉积区和碳酸盐沉积区，各站REE含量存在较大差别，但分布模式相似，均为轻稀土富集型和Eu负异常，每个站各层REE分布模式线几乎重合；3个站沉积物中REE都与Ti、Zr有很好的相关性，与其它金属元素不存在明显的相关性，表明3个站沉积物物源主要为陆源上地壳物质。结合测年资料，认为该海域3个站全新世以来沉积物物源变化很小，沉积环境稳定。  相似文献   

大别山地区石榴石橄榄岩的岩石学和地球化学     

韩宗珠 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1989,(4)

本文首次对我国石榴石橄榄岩类岩石进行系统的岩石学和地球化学研究。通过对大别山地区两个不同类型岩体中的石榴石橄榄岩的岩石学、岩石化学、矿物化学和稀土元素地球化学研究,表明这类岩石属钙碱性系列超基性岩;与地幔成分相比,富集易熔元素,亏损难熔元素;利用矿物地质温压计估算其形成压力为2×10~9pa,成岩温度为600～700℃具有正铕异常和轻稀土元素富集特征 推测为地壳下部的超基性岩经深成变质而成。  相似文献   

雪宝顶碱性花岗岩岩石地球化学与成矿控制   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

曹志敏  郑建斌  安伟  李佑国 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,34(5):874-880

对雪宝顶碱性花岗岩具有高丰度的W、Sn、Be含量和W、Sn矿化花岗岩的微量元素组合特征进行了分析，结果显示：稀土元素具有∑REE含量与LREE／HREE比值偏低和负Eu异常的特点；元素比值K／Rb，U／Th，Nb／Ta的规律性变化以及矿脉产状特征等表明W-(Sn)-Be脉状矿床形成于岩浆演化晚期，与岩浆期后的热液活动有关。  相似文献