向海自然保护区鹤类生境优化水位的模拟     

张艳红  刘兆礼  邓伟  ZHANG Shuwen  ZHAI Jinliang 《地理学报(英文版)》2003,13(2):187-194

The probaility of crane living in reedy wetlands can reach 100%, at the same time,the area of reed ,the water level and adjacent water area are main factors which control the crane‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘s habitat selection.We all know that all these factors are spatially heterogeneous.For the Xianghai wetland safety and to protect the Xianghai wetland habitat of crane,this paper has mainly identified a solution to these problems.The wetland in formation is extracted from the TM images,which reflect the whole wetland landscape and are very important for both quantitative analysis of remote sensing observation of the earth system and positioning analysis in GIS database that is automatically extracted from DEM.The DEM for Xianghai characteristics of topography is created.On the basis of the GRID SUBMODULE,applying the GIS spatial overlay analysis,the relationship between the water level and the reed area below the water level and the rating distribution maps of reed area above water level is established ,When the water level reaches the altitude of 165 n ,the reed area,981.2 ha is maximum,i.e., the water level of 165 m is the optimal.  相似文献   

白忱鹤迁徙路径与地面条件变化信息的遥感监测   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

马建文  戴芹  陈雪  布和敖斯尔  关宏亮 《遥感学报》2004,8(3):269-274

据两千多年来的文字记载 ,候鸟适应了地球系统的气候环流、地表温度和湿地生态系统的分布与季节变化 ,选择了迁徙这种生存方式 ,幼年候鸟在迁徙往返中成长 ,候鸟种群在千里迁徙中优胜劣汰。传统监测候鸟迁徙路线的方法普遍采用的是环志法 ,这种方法的回收率为 1 0 %左右。近年来 ,我们与北海道环境研究所、东京大学 ,围绕鹤类鸟迁徙路径及其地面条件变化问题 ,开展了卫星跟踪数据、遥感成像数据、地表温度数据收集、处理和分析 ,得到了初步的结果。这项研究对中国东部经济快速发展地区和待振兴的东北老工业区的布局和发展 ,以及候鸟保护提供科学依据。本文主要介绍了具有代表性的候鸟 ,白忱鹤的迁徙路径监测和分析结果。  相似文献   

沙滩游憩价值评估综述          下载免费PDF全文

赵玉杰 《海洋开发与管理》2007,24(3):113-116

沙滩是海鸟、底栖硅藻、蓝绿藻、细菌等多种海洋生物的栖息地,具有净化水质、吸附沙砾、防治侵蚀等作用,更是人类天然的娱乐场所。对英格兰和威尔士4个地区542个家庭的调查表明,沙滩比国家公园、湖泊、河流、林地、博物馆、休闲中心或主题公园更受到人们的喜爱。各国调查均显示:沙滩是最受欢迎和最常利用的户外娱乐场所。沙滩的娱乐游憩价值尤为重要,各国外学者分别从不同角度对沙滩价值评估做了研究和尝试。  相似文献   

A new species of Cerithium （Gastropoda： Cerithiidae） from the South China Sea     

孙启梦  张素萍 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(5):1118-1122

Specimens of a new species of Cerithiidae, Cerithium mangrovum n. sp., were collected during two surveys along the coasts of Hainan and Guangdong Province, China. Usually associated with potamidid snails, this species often occurs in large populations between the mid-high tidal zones in a range of habitats, including mangroves, grass beds, silt, mud, and coral reefs. C. mangrovum n. sp. has a slender and tapering shell and the straight-sided whorl bears three aligned beaded spiral cords. The thick outer lip has a wide posterior sinus. It morphologically resembles C. coralium Kiener, 1841. The shell of C. coralium is usually larger and wider and the spiral cords are not as beaded as in C, mangrovum n. sp. Its radula has a rachidian tooth with a shallow, wide, median basal projection while the rachidian tooth of C. mangrovum n. sp. has a moderately long, median basal projection.  相似文献   

Diagnostic model construction and example analysis of habitat degradation in enclosed bay: II. spatiotemporal variations in habitat degradation in Sansha Bay   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于格  孙芃  刘光兴  徐东晖  丁光茂  黄东仁 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(3):636-644

The process of habitat degradation varies in habitat type and driving force which shows certain spatial and temporal heterogeneity on regional scales. In the present study, a new diagnostic model for enclosed bay habitat degradation was established, with which the spatial and temporal variation patterns of habitat degradation during 1991–2012 in Sansha Bay, Fujian, China was investigated. The results show that anthropogenic disturbance is the major controlling factor for the habitat degradation in large temporal heterogeneity in the bay. On the other hand, the habitat degradation experienced signifi cant spatial variations among six sub-bays. Under the joint action of temporal and spatial heterogeneity, the degradation trend in growing scale shows a more signifi cant correlation with the distribution of local leading industries along shorelines. Therefore, we quantifi ed the main characters of habitat degradation in Sansha Bay, and have understood the relationship between the status of habitats spatio-temporal variation value and the main controlling factor leading to the changes. However, a defi ciency of this research is the lack of or inaccessible to the detailed data, which shall be better solved in the future study for accessing more data from more sources.  相似文献   

Evaluating conservation effectiveness of nature reserves established for surrogate species: Case of a giant panda nature reserve in Qinling Mountains, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

XU Weihua  Andrés VIA  QI Zengxiang  OUYANG Zhiyun  LIU Jianguo  LIU Wei  WAN Hui 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2014,24(1):60-70

Many nature reserves are established to protect the habitat needs of particular endangered species of interest but their effec-tiveness for protecting other species is questionable.In this study,this effectiveness was evaluated in a nature reserve network located in the Qinling Mountains,Shaanxi Province,China.The network of reserves was established mainly for the conservation of the giant panda,a species considered as a surrogate for the conservation of many other endangered species in the region.The habitat suitability of nine protected species,including the giant panda,was modeled by using Maximum Entropy（MAXENT） and their spatial congruence was analyzed.Habitat suitability of these species was also overlapped with nature reserve boundaries and their management zones（i.e.,core,buffer and experimental zones）.Results show that in general the habitat of the giant panda constitutes a reasonable surrogate of the habitat of other protected species,and giant panda reserves protect a relatively high proportion of the habitat of other protected species.Therefore,giant panda habitat conservation also allows the conservation of the habitat of other protected species in the region.However,a large area of suitable habitat was excluded from the nature reserve network.In addition,four species exhibited a low proportion of highly suitable habitat inside the core zones of nature reserves.It suggests that a high proportion of suitable habitat of protected species not targeted for conservation is located in the experimental and buffer zones,thus,is being affected by human activities.To increase their conservation effectiveness,nature reserves and their management zones need to be re-examined in order to include suitable habitat of more endangered species.The procedures described in this study can be easily implemented for the conservation of many endangered species not only in China but in many other parts of the world.  相似文献   

Road impacts on spatial patterns of land use and landscape fragmentation in three parallel rivers region, Yunnan Province, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jun Liang  Ye Liu  Lingxiao Ying  Peng Li  Yue Xu  Zehao Shen 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2014,24(1):15-27

The structure and function of network is a central issue in landscape ecology.Road networks with hierarchical structure are crucial for understanding landscape dynamics.In this study,we compared the distribution of national road,provincial road,county road and rural road in the Three Parallel Rivers Region(TPRR)in Yunnan Province of China,and estimated the effect of roads(and other factors)on the spatial patterns of land use and land cover with logistic regression.In addition,we analyzed the land use and land cover change(LUCC)and landscape fragmentation in 1989–2005 along a buffer zone of the primary traffic corridor,national road G214.The results showed that,county and rural roads had much higher percentage of length extending into more natural habitats at higher elevation and steeper slope,compared with the higher level roads in this region.While the distributions of natural land cover types were dominated by environmental factors,human land use types i.e.,building land and farmland types were significantly related with roads,linking more closely with lower level roads.The LUCC dynamics(1989–2005)of the G214 buffer zone showed a general trend of land transformation from conifer forests and valley arid shrubs to building land and farmland,and from ice and snow to alpine shrubs and forests.With the length of G214 unchanged during the time,the overall landscape pattern changed little in the buffer zone,but habitat fragmentation and area decrease had occurred for the natural vegetation types,in contrast to patch mergence and expansion of human land use types,and landscape fragmentation was intensified above 2500 m a.s.l.but declined below the elevation.The results indicated the dynamics of landscape composition and patch type level distribution in spite of the stability of the overall landscape pattern,and implied the potential role of roads,especially the low level roads on landscape changes.  相似文献   

东太平洋长鳍金枪鱼栖息地指数模型的比较     

《广东海洋大学学报》2017,(1)

根据2009–2011年东太平洋海域长鳍金枪鱼延绳钓的生产数据,结合海洋遥感获得的表温(SST)和海面高度(SSH)的数据,采用外包络法,以投钩数、单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)为适应性指数,按月份分别建立基于SST和SSH的长鳍金枪鱼栖息地适应性指数(SI)。采用算术平均法(AMM)和几何平均法(GMM)获得基于SST和SSH环境因子的栖息地指数(HSI)综合模型,并以2012年各月生产数据进行模型验证。结果表明,基于两种HSI模型所得的长鳍金枪鱼栖息地综合指数不相同,通过算术平均法的HSI模型,当HSI为0.6以上时,渔获量占总渔获量的87.9%,通过几何平均法的HSI模型,当HSI为0.6以上时,渔获量所占比例为87.2%。算术平均法较GMM更适于东太平洋长鳍金枪鱼栖息地指数模型。  相似文献   

南极帝企鹅种群栖息地动态变化遥感分析     

沈校熠  柯长青  张杰 《地球信息科学学报》2017,19(8):1132-1140

帝企鹅是南极生态的指示器,其种群栖息地分布变化对研究南极气候具有重要意义,但传统的人工实地调查难以获取全面、准确的种群栖息地信息。本文依据帝企鹅种群排泄物在卫星影像上的蓝、红波段和近红外与短波红外波段的反射率差异,提出2种可以有效判别种群排泄物的光谱指数（NDII、EI）,据此精确识别帝企鹅种群排泄物并确定其种群栖息地位置。根据2009年195景时相合适、质量较好的Landsat 7 ETM+卫星影像,获取了南极共计38个帝企鹅种群栖息地,其中新发现7处（Bowman Island , Dibble Glacier , Auster, Point Geologie , Cape Crozier , Brownson Islands和Rupert Coast）,消失2处（Amundsen Bay 和Ledda Bay）,另外25处（除Thuston Glacier, Luitpold, Sanae, Gould, Ragnhild和Beaufort Island外）位置未发生明显变化,实现了全南极帝企鹅种群栖息地的识别与定位。种群栖息地提取的正确率为94%,提取结果受限于影像质量和种群规模,且随着种群规模的提高,该方法的提取效果也越好。帝企鹅种群栖息地的分布与气候要素息息相关,种群栖息地往往倾向于气温较低和海冰密集度较高的区域,气候变化对每个种群栖息地的影响不同,因此气候与种群栖息地变化的具体关系需要长时间、区域性的观测进行研究。随着气温持续上升和海冰密集度的变化,南纬70°以北的种群栖息地面临较大的威胁,帝企鹅种群呈现向极点逐渐收缩的趋势。  相似文献   

鄱阳湖越冬水鸟栖息地评价   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

夏少霞  刘观华  于秀波  刘宇 《湖泊科学》2015,27(4):719-726

参照国际重要鸟区的评定标准,建立基于种群数量综合因子、物种多样性因子、保护物种综合因子的水鸟栖息地重要性评价因子集,采用模糊综合法评估鄱阳湖62个子湖泊作为越冬水鸟栖息地的重要性.结果表明:(1)鄱阳湖的水鸟栖息地总体处于比较重要的水平,子湖泊之间栖息地的重要性呈现出明显的空间差异,自然保护区内高于保护区外;(2)不同子湖泊间栖息地重要性的变化趋势不同,53.23%的子湖泊栖息地重要性上升,46.77%的子湖泊栖息地重要性下降,自然保护区内重要性下降的子湖泊比重低于自然保护区外.因此,当前保护区对栖息地的保护和管理是有效的,但省级以下保护区内的一些子湖泊的重要性存在下降的趋势,当前仍存在部分保护空缺.本研究为水鸟栖息地的保护与管理提供了科学支撑.  相似文献