大菱鲆仔稚鱼期消化酶及碱性磷酸酶活性的变化   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11  

陈慕雁  张秀梅  连建华 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,35(3):483-486

针对海水鱼类仔稚鱼期高死亡率的现状，本实验采集不同发育阶段的大菱鲆，分析测定了酸、碱性蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶以及消化道碱性磷酸酶的活性变化，以期为提高大菱鲆仔稚鱼期的成活率和生长率以及优化饵料配方提供理论依据。结果表明，大菱鲆初孵仔鱼体内就已具有碱性蛋白酶活性，而酸性蛋白酶活性在15日龄左右胃腺出现时才测得。蛋白酶活性的3个极低值分别出现于仔鱼开口期，卵黄囊完全消失期和仔鱼向稚鱼的转变期。早期仔鱼体内表现出较强的淀粉酶活性。5日龄时其活性急剧下降，并一直保持较低的比活力水平。脂肪酶活性在仔稚鱼期一直很弱，进入幼鱼期后比活力迅速升高。碱性磷酸酶活性从初孵到50日龄左右始终保持较小幅度的上升，直到60日龄变态完成时才出现大幅度的升高。大菱鲆仔稚鱼发育过程中，消化道中各种酶活性变化显著，仔稚鱼变态完成后，蛋白酶、脂肪酶和碱性磷酸酶活性显著增强，这标志着大菱鲆由稚鱼期向幼鱼期的转变及消化机能的完善。  相似文献   

中日花鲈生化遗传变异的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

楼东  高天翔  张秀梅  柳广东  刘进贤  苑春亭 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,33(1):22-28

采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术对中日花鲈群体的遗传结构进行了分析 ,共检测了中国沿海花鲈 1 4 6个个体和日本东京湾花鲈 40个个体中 1 2种同工酶的 1 6个基因位点。同工酶分析表明 :中日花鲈多态位点比例分别为 0 .4375和 0 .375 0。中日花鲈观测杂合度分别为 0 .0 2 83,0 .0 32 4 ;预期杂合度分别为 0 .0 4 73,0 .0 782。两者间在 LDH* ,GPI- 1 * ,GPI- 2 * 基因位点上的等位基因接近完全替代。中国花鲈和日本花鲈间根井遗传距离为 0 .1 91 8,远远高于中国种群间的遗传距离。  相似文献   

褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)受精卵及仔稚鱼生理生态学研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张秀梅  朱杰  高天翔  柳广东 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2001,31(4):495-500

作者综述近年来国内外在褐牙鲆受精卵及仔稚鱼的发育、行为及理化环境对其生理生态的影响等方面的研究进展。着重介绍在人工养殖环境中，水温、盐度、水质、光照等环境因素的变化对褐牙鲆卵的孵化及仔稚鱼的发育和行为所产生的影响,以及褐牙鲆仔稚鱼不同发育阶段对各种理化环境的耐受范围和阈值。探讨人工种苗和天然种苗在形态发育及行为等方面的差异，对今后褐牙鲆的集约化健康养殖提出了几点建议。  相似文献   

Study on Mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome b Gene of Chinese sea bass, Lateolabrax sp.   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

高天翔张秀梅  陈大刚张美昭任一平  张亚平 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2001,31(2):185-189

参考鳗鲡等鱼类线粒体DNA序列进行了中国花鲈线粒体DNA细胞色素b基因片断的引物设计、PCR扩增及其序列测定。得到中国花鲈的碱基序列为410bp，其A、T、G、C含量分别为101bp(24.63%)、112bp(27.32%)、72bp(17.56%)、125bp(30.49%)，与鳗鲡等其他鱼类相同基因片断序列碱基含量相似。  相似文献   

Effect of an escape vent in accordion-shaped traps on the catch and size of Asian paddle crabs <Emphasis Type="Italic">Charybdis japonica</Emphasis> in an artificial reef area     

张鹏  李超  李文涛  张秀梅 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,34(6):1238-1246

Accordion-shaped traps are widely used in China to catch the Asian paddle crab Charybdis japonica but traps of conventional design often catch juvenile crabs. A new type of accordion-shaped trap with an escape vent (L×W=4.3 cm×3.0 cm) was designed and a comparative study between the newly designed and conventional traps was performed in the artificial reef area of Zhuwang, Laizhou Bay, China from June to August 2012. The mean catch per unit effort (CPUE) of undersized crabs was significantly lower in the vented traps than in the conventional traps (paired t -test, n=30, P<0.001), while the CPUE of marketable crabs was significantly higher in the vented traps (paired t-test, n=30, P<0.001). The mean size of crabs (carapace length) caught in the vented traps was significantly larger than in conventional traps (paired t-test, n=29, P<0.001). The ratio of undersized crabs was 35.05±2.57% in conventional traps and 12.53±0.69% in vented traps (significantly lower, paired t-test, n=29, P<0.001). Therefore, a 4.3 cm×3.0 cm escape vent was considered appropriate for C. japonica fishing in the artificial reef area. This finding will assist the development of more sustainable and efficient crab fishing methods using accordion-shaped traps.  相似文献   

Seasonal variation in species composition and abundance of demersal fish and invertebrates in a Seagrass Natural Reserve on the eastern coast of the Shandong Peninsula,China     

徐强  郭栋  张沛东  张秀梅  李文涛  吴忠鑫 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,34(2):330-341

Seagrass habitats are structurally complex ecosystems, which support high productivity and biodiversity. In temperate systems the density of seagrass may change seasonally, and this may influence the associated fish and invertebrate community. Little is known about the role of seagrass beds as possible nursery areas for fish and invertebrates in China. To study the functioning of a seagrass habitat in northern China, demersal fish and invertebrates were collected monthly using traps, from February 2009 to January 2010. The density, leaf length and biomass of the dominant seagrass Zostera marina and water temperature were also measured. The study was conducted in a Seagrass Natural Reserve(SNR) on the eastern coast of the Shandong Peninsula, China. A total of 22 fish species and five invertebrate species were recorded over the year. The dominant fish species were Synechogobius ommaturus, Sebastes schlegelii, Pholis fangi, Pagrus major and Hexagrammos otakii and these species accounted for 87% of the total number of fish. The dominant invertebrate species were Charybdis japonica and Octopus variabilis and these accounted for 98% of the total abundance of invertebrates. There was high temporal variation in species composition and abundance. The peak number of fish species occurred in August–October 2009, while the number of individual fish and biomass was highest during November 2009. Invertebrate numbers and biomass was highest in March, April, July and September 2009. Temporal changes in species abundance of fishes and invertebrates corresponded with changes in the shoot density and leaf length of the seagrass, Zostera marina.  相似文献   

氟硼酸根离子选择性电极测定沉积物中的硼          下载免费PDF全文

张秀梅 《地质科学》1988,(1):92-96

本文建立了氟硼酸根离子选择性电极测定沉积物中的硼。在建立本方法过程中,做了各种干扰条件实验,得到了满意的分析结果。实验中不用溴甲酚绿,效果很好,可延长电极寿命。实验证明,本法较比色法简单、快速、干扰少,而且不需大型仪器设备,可测定0.000x—0.x%的硼。  相似文献   

华北历史地震分期的补充和论证     

张秀梅 《华北地震科学》1987,(1)

本文在《中国地震地质概论》一书和李钦祖同志将公元一千年以后九百年间的华北历史地震,划分为四个高潮期的基础上,往前推移近八百年,从公元294年至公元876年,补充划分两个高潮期。从历史学和地震学方面作一些分板研究。并对1983年出版的《中国地震目录》未定震级和个别已定震级的地震,试图作一些确定和修改震级的工作,以便在较长的地震历史年代中,探索地震活动的规律性。  相似文献   

唐山地震的某些历史教训     

张秀梅 《华北地震科学》1987,(Z1)

本文回顾了唐山地震前华北地区开展地震预报等背景情况,重点结合漏报唐山地震原因的分析论及地震预报的复杂性,总结了值得引起今后重视的某些历史教训。  相似文献   

MATLAB及其在扇区水泥胶结测井(SBT)资料成像处理中的应用     

张秀梅  陈立恪  达江 《物探化探计算技术》2005,27(4):292-294

MATLAB是集数学、图形处理和程序语言设计于一体的著名数学软件。它以矩阵为基本的数值计算单元,对数据进行分析处理、可视化等。利用这些优点,在MATLAB界面下编程处理扇区水泥胶结测井(SBT)现场采集的测量资料,最终以图像方式显示了套管井中0°~360°的套管波衰减数据。将处理结果与Atlas专用处理软件的处理结果进行分析对比,表明两者具有良好的一致性。  相似文献