1989年3月特强磁暴期间的电离层暴   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

沈长寿  资民筠  王劲松  徐寄遥 《地球物理学报》2004,47(3):385-391

用欧亚大陆地面电离层垂测站资料考察1989年3月12～16日磁暴期间的电离层暴形态及其发展变化. 特强磁暴引发的电离层暴是全球性的,但自磁层沉降的高能粒子对热层低部的加热程度及区域分布不同,因而各经度链区域内电离层暴的特征也有所差异. 本文研究表明,与理论推断对照,欧洲地区内F2层最大电子密度NmaxF2(或f0F2)并不出现正暴现象,而负暴自高纬向低纬的发展则与典型的热层环流结果相符. 此外,此磁暴过程期间在中低纬区存在明显的波动过程. 在亚洲高纬地区,磁暴初期13日有约10 h的正暴,而负暴过程则与欧洲地区类似,但不太清晰;且无波动现象. 磁暴期间,同一经度链的中低纬地区,夜间常发生多站同时的h′F突增. 本文再次证实这是一般磁暴期间常出现的普遍现象.  相似文献   

山区县地质灾害防治方法的探索     

郑叶飞 《浙江国土资源》2014,(12):36-38

改革开放以来,经济社会快速发展,但一些地区的生态环境却遭到了破坏,空气、水、土壤等环境资源受到严重污染,全球气候变暖,强降雨等恶劣天气时有发生,地质灾害也防不胜防,世界各地时有发生重大地质灾害事件,地质灾害区域部分人的生命财产遭受巨大损失。加大地质灾害防治工作力度,尽最大能力避免或降低地质灾害造成的损失,是国土资源部门的工作内容,也是各级人民政府的重要职责。既要加强地质灾害隐患点的巡查监测工作,更要加大地质灾害隐患点的治理工作力度,确保人民生命财产的安全。  相似文献   

中国东部气温异常型与海表温度异常模关系的诊断   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

关惠戈  余锦华 《气象科学》2014,34(6):656-665

基于国家气候中心整编的160站常规观测气温资料和HADLEY中心的海表温度资料,应用最大协方差分析方法,诊断了中国东部各季节气温异常型和前期海表温度异常(SSTA)模的关系,并重点分析冬季气温与SSTA模的最佳耦合模态及海温异常对大气环流的影响。结果表明:中国东部四季气温异常型与前期海盆SSTA模的显著耦合关系表现出不同的特征。超前6个月的热带太平洋第二模和南印度洋第二模与东部地区冬季气温一致变化型耦合关系最佳。西南冷东北暖的气温异常型与超前4个月热带大西洋一致增暖模有最佳耦合关系。大气环流对与全区气温一致偏冷型对应的SSTA模的回归表现为:西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压增强,东亚大槽加深,中纬度西风加强。对与气温西南冷东北暖型对应的SSTA模的回归表现为:西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压略有增强,东亚大槽槽区附近位势升高,大槽变浅,槽线偏向西南,东部40°N以北风速加强,以南风速减弱。  相似文献   

颗粒态有机物在长江口及其邻近海域的夏季分布和影响因素初析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

邵锡斌  吴莹  胡俊  鲍红艳 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(6):1288-1294

利用气相色谱法对长江口及其邻近海域的表层颗粒态木质素(p-lignin)进行测定和分析,结合粒度、有机碳(OC%)、叶绿素a(Chl a)、碳稳定同位素(δ13C)等参数研究颗粒态有机物的夏季分布,并对其分布影响因素进行了初步分析。结果表明,悬浮颗粒物粒度组成以粘土和粉砂为主,平均粒径为7.9μm;OC%的值为0.57—7.41%,Chl a的值为0.35—3.71μg/L,δ13C的值为-25.7‰—–16.6‰,在口门外水华站位出现OC%、Chl a和δ13C的最大值,表明浮游生物的现场生产是主要贡献;紫丁香基酚类(S)、香草基酚类(V)和肉桂基酚类(C)8种木质素酚单体的含量Λ8(相对于总有机碳的含量)为0.0406—1.47mg/100mg OC;紫丁香基系列与香草基系列的质量比值(S/V)的分布范围较宽,为0.5—1.6之间,均值为0.8;肉桂基含量与香草基含量比值(C/V)的分布范围为0.02—0.2之间,均值为0.09;香草基酚类的酸醛比值[(Ad/Al)v]在0.24—2.30之间。盐度、总悬浮颗粒物(TSM)浓度是控制长江口内区与邻近海域颗粒态有机物来源与分布差异的重要控制因素,颗粒态木质素在向海输送过程中还会受到矿物组分、生物降解、浮游生物现场生产等各种因素的作用,使其组成成分和性质发生改变。木质素等参数表明最大浑浊带尽管对颗粒态有机物向海输送有改造作用,但是影响区域有限。  相似文献   

Genetic parameter estimation for juvenile growth and upper thermal tolerance in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus Linnaeus)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHANG Tianshi  KONG Jie  LIU Baosuo  WANG Qingyin  CAO Baoxiang  LUAN Sheng  WANG Weiji 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(8):106-110

Twenty-six half-sib groups(53 full-sib families) of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus Linnaeus, were obtained by artificial insemination. We measured growth in the offspring(40–50 individuals/family) and subjected them to a thermal tolerance challenge over a period of 34 d. There was no significant difference in daily mortality(range: 0.580%–1.391%) between Days 1–13 during the thermal tolerance challenge. However, daily cumulative mortality increased rapidly between Days 14 and 29, especially on Days 15 and 16(20.232% and 34.377%, respectively). Mortality was highest on Day 16(14.145%). We estimated the genetic parameters using the average information restricted maximum likelihood method. We used a likelihood ratio test to evaluate the significance of effects in models with and without identity as an effect, and compared the final log-likelihoods(maximum log L). Lastly, we estimated phenotypic and genetic correlation between the upper thermal tolerance limit(UTT) and body weight(BW). In this study, the positive phenotypic correlation was low between UTT and BW(0.093±0.029). The genetic correlation between UTT and BW was negative(-0.044±0.239). The heritability for upper thermal tolerance was low(0.087±0.032), which is of approximately moderate heritability. The heritability for body weight was high(0.303±0.074). Our results suggest there is significant potential for improvement in the culture of turbot by selective breeding.  相似文献   

Dispersal of the Zhujiang River (Pearl River) derived sediment in the Holocene   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

GE Qian  LIU J. P.  XUE Zuo  CHU Fengyou 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(8):1-9

High-resolution Chirp profiling and coring reveals an elongated(ca. 400 km) Holocene Zhujiang River(Pearl River)-derived mud area(maximum thickness 20 m) extending from the Zhujiang River Delta, southwestward off the Guangdong coast, to the Leizhou Peninsula. Two depo-centers, one proximal and one distal, are identified. On the continental shelf off the west Guangdong Province, the mud is deposited in water depth shallower than 50 m; while to the southeast of the Zhujiang River Estuary, the mud area can extend to the-120 m isobath. A combined analysis with the stratigraphic sequences of other muddy deposits in the Western Pacific marginal seas(mainly Changjiang(Yangtze) and Huanghe(Yellow) Rivers derived) indicates that the initiation of the Zhujiang River muddy deposit can be further divided into two stages: Stage 1 is before the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand(ca. 7.0 cal. ka BP), the proximal mud was mostly deposited after 9.0 cal. ka BP, when the sea-level rose slowly after the Meltwater Pulse-1C; Stage 2, after the mid-Holocene sealevel highstand, clinoform developed on the continental shelf off the west Guangdong Province, extending ca. 400 km from the Zhujiang River Estuary. The proximal clinoform thins offshore, from ca. 10 m thickness around 5–10 m water depth to less than 1–2 m around 20–30 m water depth. In addition, we also find a developed distal clinoform in the east of the Leizhou Peninsula.  相似文献   

莱州湾东岸近岸海域规划围填海后冲淤演变预测     

周广镇  冯秀丽  刘杰  刘潇  徐芳 《海洋科学》2014,38(1):15-19

运用Mike21模型中的水动力模块对研究区的潮流场进行了模拟,分析研究区的冲淤趋势;利用经验公式,对波浪和潮流进行耦合,计算出极端条件下的最大冲刷深度,对比规划用海实施前后的最大冲刷深度,以对该区域的海岸防护、工程选址等提供科学依据。结果表明:受到填海工程的影响,龙口湾内有轻微淤积,界河至石虎咀近岸海域的波浪和潮流受工程影响而变小,冲刷强度变弱。  相似文献   

Combined effects of light intensity and NH^＋4-enrichment on growth,pigmentation, and photosynthetic performance of Ulva prolifera （Chlorophyta）     

徐智广  吴海一  詹冬梅  孙福新  孙建璋  王广策 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(5):1016-1023

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of light intensity and enhanced nitrogen supply on the growth and photosynthesis of the green-tide macroalga, Ulva prolifera. Thalli of U. prolifera were grown in natural or NH 4 +-enriched seawater under two different light intensities for 7 days, and then the growth rate, pigmentation, and photosynthetic performance of the thalli were evaluated. The results show that the relative growth rate(RGR) was markedly higher under the high light level than under the low light level. Enrichment with NH 4 + enhanced the RGR under high light intensity, but did not affect RGR under low light intensity. In low light conditions, NH 4 +-enrichment resulted in a marked decrease in the maximal photosynthetic rate( P m) and the maximum carbon fixation rate( V max), but it did not affect the half saturation constant for carbon( K 0.5) or the ratio of V max to K 0.5, which reflects the carbon acquisition efficiency. In high light conditions, P m, K 0.5, and the dark respiration rate( R d) increased under NH 4 + enrichment, but V max and the V max / K 0.5 ratio decreased. Regardless of the light intensity, NH 4 +-enrichment did not affect the apparent photosynthetic efficiency( α), which refl ects the ability of the alga to use light energy at low light levels. Under both low and high light intensities, the chlorophyll a(Chl a), chlorophyll b(Chl b), and carotenoids(Car) contents in thalli were higher in NH 4 +-enriched than in natural seawater, except that there was a decrease in the Chl b content of thalli in NH 4 +-enriched seawater under low light intensity. Therefore, NH 4 + enrichment improved the growth and photosynthetic performance of U. prolifera under high light intensity, but not under low light intensity. We discuss the possible mechanisms underlying these physiological responses.  相似文献   

江门市年最大风速变化特征分析     

陶勇  向卫国  何建希  张武龙 《成都信息工程学院学报》2014,(Z1):94-98

为了更好的了解江门市年最大风速的变化特征,利用欧洲中尺度天气预测中心(ECWMF)提供的1979-2012年每天8个时次地面(10m高度)阵风后处理资料,通过Mann-Kendall突变检验和经验正交函数(EOF)分解等方法,统计分析了江门市年最大风速的变化趋势及时空分布特征。结果表明:(1)该地区年最大风速一般介于20-30m/s,呈线性上升趋势,并在2003年左右发生了突变。(2)江门市年最大风速出现的季节主要是在夏季和秋季。(3)江门市年最大风速的时空变化存在两种主模态,他们分别可以解释总方差的76.0%和9.0%。第1模态在空间上表现为全区一致性,从21世纪初至今呈现显著的2~4年的变化周期;第2模态在空间上呈现出东北-西南反向型,同样在21世纪初期存在明显的2年和4年年际变化信号。  相似文献   

51a河北省降水时空分布及变化特征     

向亮  郝立生  安月改  张婧  刘咪咪 《干旱区地理》2014,(1)

利用经验正交函数分解(EOF)、Mann-kendall突变性检验、滑动T检验、最大熵谱分析等方法,分析了河北省1961-2011年降水量的变化情况,结果表明:河北省年降水量空间分布不均,在燕山和太行山迎风坡一侧降水量较大,其中承德南部、唐山、秦皇岛年平均降水量较多,超过600 mm,张家口和承德北部年平均降水量较少,不足400 mm,各区降水量主要呈下降趋势,除故城、盐山、黄骅、昌黎、唐山、滦县、遵化外,大部分台站下降趋势不显著;河北省年降水量的空间分布既有"一致型",也存在"南北型";在时间变化上,除夏季降水量显著减少,5月(8月)显著增加(减少)外,年及其他月季降水量增减不明显;河北省年降水量整体存在2~3 a左右的变化周期,在1996年存在突变现象,而各季节降水量的变化有所不同。河北省降水量的时空特征符合河北地形特点及大尺度气候系统的变化规律。  相似文献