应急管理新体制下京津冀地震巨灾应急协同机制关键问题研究     

刘晓静  王慧彦  王建飞 《中国地震》2023,(4):742-750

地震巨灾应急协同机制对于提升地震巨灾应急能力、保障震后救灾秩序具有重要意义。应急管理新体制在一定程度上解决了之前应急协同主体多、成本高的问题,提高了应对复杂多变巨灾事件的能力,但仍在跨区域应急的指挥权归属、深度协同、应急协同研究的技术支撑等方面存在不足。本文在诠释地震巨灾应急协同机制内涵的基础上,以京津冀区域为例,剖析新体制下京津冀三地由于地域空间临近性、生命线工程依存性、经济发展一体性所共同面临的地震巨灾应急协同需求,梳理京津冀地震应急协同机制构建中上述三个关键性问题并提出解决思路,重点强调并展示了情景构建方法“风险-情景-任务-需求-协同”研究框架对化解关键性问题的重要性,可有效克服以往依靠部门间磨合缓慢提升协调和救援效果的弊端,提升未来地震巨灾应急管理工作效果,提高国家防灾减灾综合能力水平。  相似文献   

气候变化背景下红火蚁在中国的潜在分布区变化（英文）     

王焕炯  王慧  陶泽兴  葛全胜 《地理学报(英文版)》2018,(12)

The red imported fire ant(RIFA, Solenopsis invicta), a notorious invasive insect, has received considerable attention owing to its impacts on native biodiversity, agriculture, and human health. Under global warming, the inhabitable area of the RIFA may be enlarged. However, few studies have focused on the potential range expansion of the RIFA in East Asia. Using a process-based physiological model, we simulated the potential range of the RIFA in China based on gridded temperature datasets for the current(2004–2012) and future(2090–2100) climates under Representative Concentration Pathway(RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5. It was found that the southeastern part of China(below 32°N) is suitable for RIFA proliferation. The present distribution area of the RIFA corresponds well with the potential range simulated by the model. In the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 warming scenarios, the inhabitable area of the RIFA along the northern boundary would on average extend 101.3±85.7(mean±SD) and 701.2±156.9 km, respectively, by the end of the 21 st century. Therefore, future climate change would significantly affect the inhabitable area of the RIFA. Our results provide the basis for local quarantine officials to curtail accidental introductions of this insect, especially in the certain and possible infestation zones.  相似文献   

基于街景工厂构建城市三维模型的方法探讨     

王慧 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(4)

利用倾斜摄影测量数据对街景工厂中空三加密、控制点布设、三维建模构建和成果精度分析等进行研究,可为类似工作提供经验和方法。  相似文献   

3月高温少雨开春早4月低温多雨风灾重     

王慧  王铁 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2001,24(3):38-39

2001年 3月全疆出现了异常高温少雨，大部地区开春期、终霜期明显提早；进入 4月份，我区天气过程频繁发生，且强度强，造成 4月全疆气温偏低降水多，同时受其影响全疆大部地区遭受了多次较严重的大风、风沙和低温霜冻危害，部分地区出现了近 30年来最强的大风、沙尘暴，给农牧业生产，尤其是棉花生产造成了重大损失。 1平均环流形势特征 3月北半球 500hPa高度场上，中高纬环流呈 3波型分布，东亚大槽和欧洲大槽较常年加深。反映在距平场上，东亚至西北太平洋、北大西洋至欧洲北部、阿拉斯加地区为负高度距平控制，其中日本海附近上空距平…  相似文献   

山东省20世纪90年代产业结构变动研究     

刘兆德  王慧 《地理与地理信息科学》2001,17(1):25-30

分析山东 90年代产业结构变动趋向的时空差异 ,探讨产业结构变动的原因及地区产业结构变动能力 ,并对山东产业结构走向及产业结构在地区间的协调发展提出建议。  相似文献   

广东三水盆地古俯冲带地幔源岩石的年代学与Nd-Sr-Pb同位素证据     

朱炳泉  王慧芬  毛存孝  朱乃娟  黄荣生  彭建华  蒲志平 《地球化学》1991,(1)

广东三水盆地火山岩岩石化学资料表明为具岛弧特征的拉斑-钙碱性岩系。K-Ar年龄为43-64Ma,属早第三纪。Nd-S-Pb同位素相关构成两个二元混合趋向,表明其源区为雷琼亏损地幔源与海水和蚀变俯冲沉积物相混合。这一结果表明华南大陆内存在着古俯冲带。它是由中国南部不同地体在缝合过程中产生的。  相似文献   

ONSET AND RETREAT DATES OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA SUMMER MONSOON AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE MONSOON INTENSITY IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE WARMING     

李栋梁  蒋元春  张莉萍  王慧  李潇 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2016,22(3):362-373

Global gridded daily mean data from the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis(1948-2012) are used to obtain the onset date,retreat date and duration time series of the South China Sea summer monsoon(SCSSM) for the past 65 years.The summer monsoon onset(retreat) date is defined as the time when the mean zonal wind at 850 hPa shifts steadily from easterly(westerly) to westerly(easterly) and the pseudo-equivalent potential temperature at the same level remains steady at greater than 335 K(less than 335 K) in the South China Sea area[110-120°E(10-20°N)].The clockwise vortex of the equatorial Indian Ocean region,together with the cross-equatorial flow and the subtropical high,plays a decisive role in the burst of the SCSSM.The onset date of the SCSSM is closely related to its intensity.With late(early) onset of the summer monsoon,its intensity is relatively strong(weak),and the zonal wind undergoes an early(late) abrupt change in the upper troposphere.Climate warming significantly affects the onset and retreat dates of the SCSSM and its intensity.With climate warming,the number of early-onset(-retreat) years of the SCSSM is clearly greater(less),and the SCSSM is clearly weakened.  相似文献   

西沙周边海域海平面异常变化特征及成因分析     

王慧  韩树宗  范文静  王国松  刘克修  张增健 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(9):34-41

Based on the analysis of wind,ocean currents,sea surface temperature(SST) and remote sensing satellite altimeter data,the characteristics and possible causes of sea level anomalies in the Xisha sea area are investigated.The main results are shown as follows:(1) Since 1993,the sea level in the Xisha sea area was obviously higher than normal in 1998,2001,2008,2010 and 2013.Especially,the sea level in 1998 and 2010 was abnormally high,and the sea level in 2010 was 13.2 cm higher than the muti-year mean,which was the highest in the history.In 2010,the sea level in the Xisha sea area had risen 43 cm from June to August,with the strength twice the annual variation range.(2) The sea level in the Xisha sea area was not only affected by the tidal force of the celestial bodies,but also closely related to the quasi 2 a periodic oscillation of tropical western Pacific monsoon and ENSO events.(3)There was a significant negative correlation between sea level in the Xisha sea area and ENSO events.The high sea level anomaly all happened during the developing phase of La Ni?a.They also show significant negative correlations with Ni?o 4 and Ni?o 3.4 indices,and the lag correlation coefficients for 2 months and 3 months are–0.46 and –0.45,respectively.(4) During the early La Ni?a event form June to November in 2010,the anomalous wind field was cyclonic.A strong clockwise vortex was formed for the current in 25 m layer in the Xisha sea area,and the velocity of the current is close to the speed of the Kuroshio near the Luzon Strait.In normal years,there is a "cool eddy".While in 2010,from July to August,the SST in the area was 2–3°C higher than that of the same period in the history.  相似文献   

一种简化视线向量修正的天绘一号卫星影像立体定位方法     

王重阳  王慧  申家双  李烁  满丹 《测绘科学技术学报》2016,(3)

根据天绘一号卫星三线阵传感器成像原理,构建了天绘一号卫星影像的严格成像模型。通过对卫星姿轨数据分析,提出利用一次线性函数拟合姿态数据,以抵消姿态数据中的高频和低频误差的影响;同时在视线向量修正模型的基础上提出了非指向角形式的简化视线向量修正模型,并分析了控制点个数及分布对定位精度的影响。实验表明,提出的简化视线向量修正模型可以达到视线向量修正模型同样的精度;在利用线性拟合后的姿态数据进行简化视线向量修正的立体定位时,4个地面控制点即可使X方向、Y方向和Z方向定位精度优于5 m。  相似文献   

飞思IQ180相机的组合相机设计与分析     

秦向南  王慧  程挺  李烁  满丹 《测绘科学技术学报》2016,(5):490-495

针对当前大多UAV搭载单个数码相机进行摄影测量时存在的实际问题,详细分析了多面阵组合相机的结构设计。以飞思IQ180相机为例,通过比较双拼组合相机与三拼组合相机的组合方式及各自成像特点,对其相机的组合参数以及相应关系进行探讨;并通过对拼接误差与高程精度的影响分析,得出组合相机对高程精度的提高、增大像幅、提高作业效率等方面有明显的优越性,对多面阵数码相机的设计具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献