区域历史人口空间格局精细化重建:方法与实证   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

薛樵风  金晓斌  韩娟  杨绪红  周寅康 《地理科学》2019,39(12):1857-1865

以清中期（1736~1820年）苏州府为例,探索历史时期人口空间分布的影响机制,构建历史人口空间分布适宜性计算方法,在2个典型时段（1776年、1820年）重建1 km×1 km空间格网下的人口数据集。研究结果表明:① 在数量上,1776年,苏州府人口总量为511.1万,其中城市人口120.1万,农村人口391.0万;1820年,总人口为590.8万,其中城市168.7万,农村422.1万;城市人口增长速率明显快于农村人口。② 空间格局上,1776~1820年,苏州府中部的吴县、长洲、元和等县人口较为集中,东北部昭文、新阳及中南部吴江、震泽等县较为稀疏,但区域间差异渐趋缩小;人口增长主要集中在城镇区域,较高等级城镇人口集聚特征更为显著。③ 通过与当地历史文献及现代人口格局进行相关性和趋势检验,总体特征、分布趋势和变化特点具有一致性。  相似文献   

重大滑坡隐患分析方法综述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱庆  曾浩炜  丁雨淋  谢潇  刘飞  张利国  李海峰  胡翰  张骏骁  陈力  陈琳  张鹏程  何华贵 《测绘学报》2019,48(12):1551-1561

滑坡是发生频繁且破坏力巨大的典型地质灾害类型,高位山体崩滑和冰雪崩滑等重大滑坡隐患已经成为新型城镇化和川藏铁路工程等重大基础设施建设重要的制约因素。本文系统归纳总结了现有滑坡隐患监测技术和分析方法的特点与局限,提出了一种数据驱动与模型驱动协同的滑坡隐患可靠分析方法,构建滑坡隐患分析知识图谱、提取高层语义特征指标、知识引导精准判别滑坡隐患。该方法系统考虑了深部-地表内外动力耦合作用的致灾机制,为小样本、高复杂度的滑坡隐患可靠分析提供了新途径。  相似文献   

大型建筑设施物联网应用的探索     

张涵  易志辉  陈晓勇  徐超 《地理信息世界》2021,28(1):85-89

经过近30年的发展,我国桥梁健康监测系统研究与应用取得了可喜的进步,越来越多的大型桥梁开展自动化监测系统建设工作.然而目前部分监测系统均存在着重硬件、重单体、监测精度低等问题.本文结合国内外研究现状,在现有监测体系的基础上,构建了多因子、多维度桥梁健康监测体系,并提出了一种结合5G网络技术的集自动监测、巡检、养护、管理、预警和决策指挥于一体的桥梁健康系统,实现桥梁振动、位移、山体滑坡和地震等突发事件的实时报警,提供专家库一键式解决方案.  相似文献   

Using two contrasting methods with the same tracers to trace the main sediment source in a mountainous catchment     

WU Han  XIONG Dong-hong  ZHANG Su  YUAN Yong  LI Wan-Xin  LIU Lin  SU Zheng-an  LU Xiao-ning 《山地科学学报》2019,(10)

Assessing the contribution of sediments from different sources is essential to understand erosive processes and formulate further soil conservation strategies to address environmental problems.In this study,we combined the source fingerprinting approach with geochemistry,including comparison of potential sources,and distribution pattern of major elements,to estimate the different land-use relative contributions to streambed sediment in the Luowugou catchment(13.5 km~2)located on the Heishui River,the first branch of the Jinsha River,China.A total of 57 samples from stream bank,cropland,grassland,forest land,and sediments were collected,and then,15 elements were analyzed foreach sample.The fingerprinting results demonstrated that the stream bank(62.4%)had the greatest relative contribution to the bed sediment yield,while cropland,grassland,and forest land contributed 18.6%,14.9%,and 4.1%to the bed sediments,respectively.In comparison to the fingerprinting method,even though the results upon geochemistry only provide a qualitative assessment,the ranking of sediment contributions based on geochemistry was consistent with the sediment fingerprinting ranking,that is,stream bankcroplandgrasslandforest land.Our findings suggest that the focal point for sediment control practices should be the stream bank rather than cropland in the region.Geochemistry can result in an important means in validating the fingerprinting results.  相似文献   

China and the changing economic geography of coffee value chains     

Jeffrey Neilson  Ju‐Han Zoe Wang 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2019,40(3):429-451

For the past three centuries, the economic geography of the global coffee sector has been characterized by the supply of beans from tropical countries for consumption in North America and Europe, with various modes of value chain coordination enacted by lead firms to ensure reliable and affordable supply. This pattern is now fundamentally changing, with growth in coffee consumption in emerging markets, including China, exceeding that in established markets. But China is not only a growing consumer market, it is less well known that rapidly increasing agricultural production in Yunnan province of southwest China has also inserted the country as an important source region for coffee, and this has been pivotal in facilitating the emergence of Chinese lead firms in the sector. This article presents the emergence of China, and Chinese firms, at a critical juncture for the structure and governance of the global value chain for coffee. The processes through which this is occurring are outlined, and the implications for regional development prospects across Southeast Asia are discussed. We argue that the changing economic geography of coffee value chains, and their increasing driven‐ness by Chinese actors, is starting to reshape the regional coffee industry in profoundly new ways.  相似文献   

局部表面参数化的实景三角网模型语义增强方法     

汪利斌  胡翰  朱庆  丁雨淋  陈敏 《测绘学报》2020,49(2):225-234

倾斜摄影测量方法已可自动获取城市规模的实景三角网模型,然而散乱的三角网缺乏精细的几何结构和功能语义信息。为克服上述问题,提出一种局部表面参数化的实景三角网模型语义增强方法:将具有语义信息的独立三维部件与实景三角网模型的无缝融合问题,通过定义三维表面结构树,转换为局部区域的三角网替换操作;在待融合区域附近,将原实景三角网模型和替换的三维语义部件,通过局部参数化表达,UV展开为二维平面三角网;在二维平面上构建约束Delaunay三角网(CDT),实现两模型的无缝拼接,逆映射至三维空间并自动重建语义部件。通过深圳某区域的倾斜影像进行的试验证明,本文方法能有效实现具有开放边界和语义信息的部件模型与表面模型的无缝融合。与商业软件Maya对比,这种基于插入、融合的手段对提高建模效率具有实用价值。  相似文献   

Development of a GPGPU-parallelized hybrid finite-discrete element method for modeling rock fracture     

Daisuke Fukuda  Mojtaba Mohammadnejad  Hongyuan Liu  Sevda Dehkhoda  Andrew Chan  Sang-Ho Cho  Gyeong-Jo Min  Haoyu Han  Jun-ichi Kodama  Yoshiaki Fujii 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2019,43(10):1797-1824

The hybrid finite-discrete element method (FDEM) is widely used for engineering applications, which, however, is computationally expensive and needs further development, especially when rock fracture process is modeled. This study aims to further develop a sequential hybrid FDEM code formerly proposed by the authors and parallelize it using compute unified device architecture (CUDA) C/C++ on the basis of a general-purpose graphics processing unit (GPGPU) for rock engineering applications. Because the contact detection algorithm in the sequential code is not suitable for GPGPU parallelization, a different contact detection algorithm is implemented in the GPGPU-parallelized hybrid FDEM. Moreover, a number of new features are implemented in the hybrid FDEM code, including the local damping technique for efficient geostatic stress analysis, contact damping, contact friction, and the absorbing boundary. Then, a number of simulations with both quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions are conducted using the GPGPU-parallelized hybrid FDEM, and the obtained results are compared both quantitatively and qualitatively with those from either theoretical analysis or the literature to calibrate the implementations. Finally, the speed-up performance of the hybrid FDEM is discussed in terms of its performance on various GPGPU accelerators and a comparison with the sequential code, which reveals that the GPGPU-parallelized hybrid FDEM can run more than 128 times faster than the sequential code if it is run on appropriate GPGPU accelerators, such as the Quadro GP100. It is concluded that the GPGPU-parallelized hybrid FDEM developed in this study is a valuable and powerful numerical tool for rock engineering applications.  相似文献   

基于ARIMA模型的边坡变形分析与预测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

胡波  谭涵 《测绘通报》2019,(6):112-116

详细论述了时间序列分析中的平稳性分析、模型识别、模型评价和模型预测的过程，建立自回归滑动平均求和（ARIMA）模型对2016年6月29日-2017年10月4日共计461 d的边坡监测数据进行时间序列分析和预测。结果显示：利用ARIMA模型对边坡观测数据进行时间序列分析具有可行性，并能取得较好的效果，研究成果可为工程施工和防灾减灾提供技术参考。  相似文献   

太子河流域山西组海相动物化石新材料及其意义     

范国清  王洪战  丁杰  韩永昌 《国土资源》1988,(3)

山西组广泛分布于辽东太子河流域。笔者在本溪田师付山西组采得Chonetes carbonifera等海相动物化石。这些化石新材料对于研究山西组的时代, 石炭—二叠系的界线,以及与山西、河南、河北、山东和安徽等地的地层对比,沉积演化及晚石炭世海浸的方向、期次、范围等均具重要意义。  相似文献   

对梧州地区开发利用铁矿资源的建议     

黄汉 《南方国土资源》1996,(4)

文章根据我区铁矿原料供给紧张的情况及梧州地区铁矿资源赋存的特点，从开发利用现状分析存在问题，提出搞好资源开发与管理的几点建议  相似文献