藏南(萨噶-江孜地区)中生代遗迹化石及其行为习性分析          下载免费PDF全文

杨式溥  徐兴永 《古地理学报》2003,5(1):44-62

文中描述的遗迹化石是河北区调队1/25万萨噶幅(2001年)和中国地质大学1/25万江孜幅、亚东幅（2002年）野外地质调查过程分别的。遗迹化石的产地和时代是：萨噶和吉隆附近的晚白垩世，冈底斯弧前盆地日喀则群昂仁组复理石（化石点1）；和产自康马地区马拉雅拉轨岗日带晚三叠世捏如组，早中侏罗世田巴群，早白垩世加不拉组和晚白垩世宗卓组复理石(化石点2)，少量标本产自北喜拉南带岗巴?定日晚白垩世岗巴村口组(化石点3)。文内共计描述上述地区中生代遗迹化石12个遗迹属，14个遗迹种包含4个未定遗迹种其中多数(5个遗迹属，7个遗迹种)为首次在中被发现和描述(包含有两个新遗迹种)。本文详细研究了各遗迹属的行为习性特征，其中数（有9个遗迹属）过去经常产于世界各地中新生代深海复理石内，根据不同的埋和保存环境它们又可分为两大类，第一类为浊流形后（Post-turbidite）形成的遗迹，它们都是深海食沉积物动物的觅食（Fodinichnia）和游动的牧食迹（Pascichnia）如Gyrophyllites，Phymatoderma，Helminthoida和Phycosiphon，它们的主要特是都具有主动回填构造（active backfill）；另一类为流形成前（Pre-turbidite）形成的雕画迹，它们的主要特征是生活时期形成复的多孔的水道系统，并在其中培养细菌形成园艺式(Gardening)觅食或称为耕作迹（Agrichnia）Megagrapton,Rhabdoglyphus,Helicorhaphe,其中还包括适应低氧环境的化学共（Chemosymbiosis）类型如Chondrites和Cladichnus。在描述的遗迹中还包括住兼觅食(Dwellingandfeedingstructures):Schaubcylindrichnus和Syringomorpha以及一种经常趋向水流的停栖迹(Cubichnia)Sagittichnus。深海相中生代复理石地层（尤其晚三叠世，侏罗白垩纪），在我国除西藏地区特别发育外，内地其他各省区很少发育，因此上述中代遗迹化石资料显得特别珍贵，研它们相信会对今后西藏的地层学，沉积学和岩相古地理学研究，提供有价值的地质资料。  相似文献   

胶东晚中生代金矿成矿的硫同位素组成及热动力源   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

邢树文  孙景贵  李东旭  刘洪文  陈军强 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2003,33(2):141-146

胶东地区晚中生代金矿床均有一个与岛弧玄武质、安山质岩浆相一致的δ^34(6．5‰-7.0‰)硫源，而全铜矿床的δ^34为4．5‰-5．0‰，与岛弧玄武质岩浆的δ^34接近。可初步认为该区全(铜)成矿流体的热源来自地慢或俯冲地慢楔产生的玄武岩浆。成矿流体的产生与岛弧玄武质岩浆底侵／内侵作用密切相关，形成于被加热的地壳。  相似文献   

兰坪中新生代盆地沉积岩源区构造背景和物源属性研究--砂岩地球化学证据   总被引：14，自引：3，他引：14  

李志明  刘家军  胡瑞忠  刘玉平  李朝阳  何明勤 《沉积学报》2003,21(4):547-552

沉积盆地中砂岩的地球化学成分主要受物源区控制。因此，通过分析砂岩的化学成分可以揭示盆地沉积岩的源区构造背景和物源属性。对兰坪盆地中新生界砂岩的常量成分、稀土和微量元素进行的分析，揭示盆地沉积岩的源区构造背景属被动大陆边缘和大陆岛弧，结合岩相古地理资料认为在中生代以前，盆地东侧可能主要处于被动大陆边缘环境。而西侧则可能以大陆岛弧环境为主，这与区域地质资料相吻合。沉积物源岩的原始物质应来自上地壳，以长英质岩石为主，并有少量安山质岩石和古老沉积物的混入，故兰坪中新生代盆地属典型的大陆型盆地。从而为正确认识古特提斯洋的演化和盆山转换过程提供了强有力的地球化学证据。  相似文献   

Tectonic evolution of the Mesozoic Verkhoyansk–Kolyma belt (NE Asia)     

Vladimir S Oxman   《Tectonophysics》2003,365(1-4):45

The Verkhoyansk–Kolyma belt (VK) forms the western part of the Verkhoyansk–Chukotka Mesozoic orogen (NE Asia) and lies between the Siberian craton on the western side, the Mesozoic–Cenozoic Koryak–Kamchatka accretionary orogen on the eastern side, and the Arctic Alaskan craton to the north. The VK results from the collision of the Siberian craton and the Kolyma–Omolon composite terrane (KO), which acted as an indentor resulting the Kolyma orocline. The KO is made up of ophiolite and olistostromal and schistose units that were amalgamated during the Middle–Late Jurassic by thrust and nappe tectonics under greenschist facies metamorphism. This was followed in Latest Jurassic by thrusting and strike-slip faulting related to the collision of the KO composite terrane with the Siberian craton. This collision also produced the Verkhoyansk fold-and-thrust belt in the Siberian continental margin. In the earliest Cretaceous, collision of the Alaskan and Siberian margins resulted in further thrust and strike-slip tectonism.  相似文献   

大兴安岭中生代双峰式火山岩的地球化学特征   总被引：79，自引：4，他引：79  

林强  葛文春  曹林  孙德有  林经国 《地球化学》2003,32(3):208-222

大兴安岭中生代火山岩的主要活动时期为晚侏罗世至早白垩世，由碱性系列玄武岩和亚碱性系列玄武岩以及伴生的中酸性火山岩组成。它们与邻区俄罗斯和蒙古同时期火山岩构成面形展布的巨型火山岩带。碱性系列玄武岩高度富集不相容元素，其富集程度类似于板内碱性系列玄武岩，但明显亏损Nb和Ta等高场强元素这一点又类似于活动大陆边缘火山弧或岛弧钙碱性玄武岩。亚碱性系列玄武岩适度富集不相容元素而强烈亏损高场强元素的特征类似于活动大陆边缘火山弧或岛弧火山岩，其中低钾玄武岩类似于拉斑玄武岩。大兴安岭酸性火山岩根据地球化学特征可划分为高Sr流纹岩类和低Sr流纹岩类。前者富集Ti、Ba、Sr、Co和Ni而贫Rb、Zr和Th等强不相容元素，类似于大陆溢流玄武岩省分异作用形成的流纹岩；后者明显富集不相容元素Rb、Zr和Th而亏损Ti、Ba、Sr和Co，它们与碱性系列玄武岩之间形成类似于大陆裂谷环境的双峰式火山岩组合。亚碱性系列玄武岩与高Sr流纹岩的成因关系类似于大陆伸张环境的双峰式火山岩，但前者形成从基性到酸性的连续演化系列，并没有形成Daly成分间断。这表明大兴安岭火山岩在源区及其原始岩浆的性质上明显区别于世界大陆溢流玄武岩省。也就是说，大陆溢流玄武岩省的双峰模式起源于干岩浆体系，这种岩浆分异形成的中性岩浆由于其教度大于玄武岩、挥发分含量低于流纹岩而未能喷出地表。大兴安岭富含水的原始岩浆使分异形成的中性熔岩被挥发分过饱和，导致中性熔岩的爆炸性喷发。  相似文献   

吉林省夹皮沟金矿区控矿构造研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

李碧乐  孙丰月  姚凤良 《地质找矿论丛》2003,18(2):113-117,121

夹皮沟金矿受夹皮沟断裂的一系列次级脆性构造控制，按构造性质可划分为NW向、NE—NEE向、近SN向3种控矿构造类型。其中NW向构造显示左行剪切特征，NE—NEE向构造显示右行剪切特征，近SN向构造显示压性特征。经研究提出区内控矿断裂的形成与中生代敦化一密山断裂大规模左行平移有关；NE向敦化一密山断裂与次级平行分布的两江断裂左行平移，使早期形成的夹皮沟压性断裂显示左行压扭特征，诱导应力场派生出一系列NW向、NE—NEE向的剪切断裂，以及近SN向的压性断裂。这3组断裂成为本区员主要的容矿构造。  相似文献   

鲁西中生代闪长岩中两类幔源捕虏体的岩石学和地球化学   总被引：18，自引：4，他引：18  

许文良王冬艳  王清海林景仟 《岩石学报》2003,19(4):623-636

鲁西铁铜沟岩体辉石闪长岩中黑云母的40Ar/39Ar坪年龄为132.79±0.27Ma.产于辉石闪长岩中深源捕虏体的岩相学、矿物化学、岩石地球化学和野外资料表明,它们可划分成两组.组Ⅰ为具有变质-变形结构的纯橄岩、方辉橄榄岩和尖晶石二辉橄榄岩类.该类捕虏体耗损易熔元素(如Ca、Al)、橄榄石具有较高的Mg#值和较高的含量表明它们可能为古老岩石圈地幔高度部分熔融的残留体.然而,相对富集轻稀土元素的配分形式、较高的87Sr/86Sr比值以及交代型金云母的存在暗示着该类捕虏体遭受了晚期交代作用的改造;组Ⅱ为具有残留的嵌晶结构、再平衡结构,并叠加有变形结构的纯橄岩、方辉橄榄岩、橄辉岩和二辉石岩类.该类捕虏体具有较低的Mg#值和87Sr/86Sr比值以及较高的稀土元素丰度表明可能代表了新增生的岩石圈地幔物质.两类幔源捕虏体的共存对认识华北地块东部中生代岩石圈地幔的性质以及揭示中国东部陆下岩石圈地幔的演化历史具有重要意义.  相似文献   

青藏高原中新生代花岗岩Sr、Nd同位素研究   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10  

邱瑞照  邓晋福  周肃  肖庆辉  蔡志勇  刘翠 《地球学报》2003,24(6):611-617

青藏高原中新生代岩浆活动强烈，本文报道青藏高原西部中新生代代表性花岗岩的Sr，Nd同位素测定结果，结合前人已发表的东部地区花岗岩同位素资料，初步探讨了青藏高原地区中新生代花岗岩的Sr，Nd同位素组成、物质来源与成因。研究表明，分布于冈底斯地块北南边界(即冈底斯花岗岩北带和南带)与洋壳俯冲有关的燕山晚期花岗岩，具有低^87Sr／^86Sr初始值(小于0．706)、正εNd(t)值和年轻的t2DM模式年龄的特征，岩浆来源于俯冲洋壳的熔融；与陆-陆碰撞及碰撞后有关的冈底斯花岗岩^87Sr／^86Sr初始值变化大(0．706～0719)，而εNd(t)值和t2DM都在很小范围变化，Sr、Nd同位素组成似乎与时代、岩性无关，说明壳幔混合花岗岩的同位素源区长时期保持相对均一。无洋壳物质参与的通过陆内俯冲作用形成的喜马拉雅区花岗岩，具有高^87Sr/^86Sr初始值(大于0.720)、古老模式t2DM年龄(1792～2206Ma)和低εNd(t)值(-10．3～-16．3)特征，并与基底岩石的Sr，Nd组成一致，岩浆源区为壳源。由此说明花岗岩类及其岩石组合的形成主要取决于深部部分熔融物质的成分，不同火成岩组合的差异反映了青藏高原岩石圈组成和演化的不均一性。  相似文献   

Jurassic depositional records and sandstone provenances in Hefei Basin, central China: Implication for Dabie orogenesis   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zhong Li  Renwei Li  Shu Sun  Qingchen Wang 《Island Arc》2004,13(2):346-358

Abstract   Detrital composition and major element geochemistry of Jurassic sandstones in the south Hefei Basin, central China, show their provenance to be the Dabie Mountains, whose tectonic attributes are closely related to continent–island arc complexes. It was found that a provenance change, from recycled orogen signatures and mixed orogenic sandstones to arc orogen, occurs from the lower Middle Jurassic to the Upper Jurassic (the Zhougongshan Formation). Dissected magmatic arc sources were gradually exposed in the Dabie Mountains due to intensive exhumation during the Late Jurassic, particularly after the Fenghuangtai depositional phase. Furthermore, it can be infered that the magmatic arc was initially present in both the Early Paleozoic and the Triassic, according to isotopic dating studies in previously published reports. δ¹³C–δ¹⁸O tracing between existing marbles of different strata in the Dabie block and marble gravels of the Fenghuangtai Formation in the Hefei Basin indicate that partial lithostratigraphic units for the Jurassic provenances have entirely disappeared from the Dabie block; therefore, it is impossible to reconstruct integral orogenic processes from studies on the remaining Dabie block alone. These findings, together with basin-fill sequences, also suggest that the Hefei Basin was mainly subjected to compressive mechanical regimes rather than extensional regimes in the Jurassic, which resulted in reverse-grading clastic depositional sequences, and is probably related to the northward intracontinental deep subduction of the Yangtze Plate. Regional exhumation properties and a tectonic model of the Late Mesozoic Dabie orogenesis are discussed in this paper.  相似文献   

Pervasive late Paleozoic-Triassic remagnetization of miogeoclinal carbonate rocks in the Basin and Range and vicinity, SW USA: regional results and possible tectonic implications     

Stephen L Gillett  Robert E Karlin 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2004,141(2):95-120

Relatively unmetamorphosed Paleozoic miogeoclinal carbonate rocks in the Basin and Range of E Nevada, SW Nevada and adjacent California, and W Utah yield low-inclination magnetizations that reflect pervasive, regional remagnetization around the close of the Paleozoic. The rocks range in age from mid-Cambrian through Pennsylvanian and lie generally in a broad belt between the mid-Paleozoic Roberts Mountain Thrust and the late Cretaceous Sevier thrusts. Most of the magnetizations reside in magnetite, but at one site the magnetization is evidently carried by pyrrhotite. Preliminary rock-magnetic data suggest samples with magnetite-borne remanences have wasp-waisted hysteresis curves typical of remagnetized carbonates. The origin of the remagnetization is problematic and probably polygenetic: both the Permo-Triassic Sonoma orogeny and deformation associated with the Ancestral Rockies seem too spatially limited, but magnetite from smectite destruction seems difficult to reconcile with the great stratigraphic extent of late Paleozoic remagnetization unless combined with thermal resetting of the lowermost units. A number of sites also appear to have undergone some vertical-axis rotation, and the sense and magnitude of these rotations are grossly consistent with independent geologic evidence. However, the probably large age range of the low-inclination components complicates their use for resolving tectonic rotations. Younger, intermediate-stability components of magnetization, probably of Cretaceous or Cenozoic age, are also found in many sites and also probably have multiple origins. At sites farther W, the late Paleozoic component is not found, which probably reflects its destruction by later Mesozoic or Cenozoic heating. At sites farther E, on and near the Colorado Plateau, gray carbonates yield only Cenozoic magnetizations. Some reddish, oxidized carbonates there locally contain a hematite-borne magnetization of late Paleozoic age. However, it is probably related to the development of thick continental redbed sequences in overlying strata on the plateau rather than to the remagnetization process(es) in the miogeocline.  相似文献